植物区系

Composition of both spermatophyte and pteridophyte flora of a relict Alsophila spinulosa community in Wutongqiao Nature Reserve of Leshan region was discussed. It shows the proportion of Tropic and Cathaysia elements in both spermatophyte flora and pteridophyte flora was almost 2/3 of the total at the genus level, and even more at the family level. There was a distinct ancient endemism phenomenon in spermatophyte flora, owning to being 8 relict and remnant endemism genera in the total of 9. Furthermore, the proportion of Tropic and Cathaysia elements both at family and genus level in the pteridophyte flora were much greater.

选以乐山五通桥桫椤自然保护区-桫椤群落的种子植物区系与蕨类植物区系组成为研究对象，发现种子植物区系在属的水平上热带成分与古华夏成分占到近2/3，在科的水平上则更高；种子植物区系中有9个中国特有属，其中8个为残遗或原始类型的古特有属，表现出典型的古特有现象；而在蕨类植物区系中热带成分和华夏成分所占比重更大。

Climatic gradients were based on data sets from 841 meteorological stations throughout China. Definitions for floristic distributional patterns were based upon the work of Prof. Z. Y. Wu. Most of these floristic distributional patterns were strongly correlated with the geographic gradients in climate, except for cosmopolitan, cultivated and invasive genera. Tropical genera form a large fraction of the total genera (ranging from 0.84% to 94.38% in the regional floras) with the highest proportion in southern Yunnan and Hainan Island. Tropical genera occur predominantly in southern China of 0° N latitude and decreased with increasing latitude, as would be expected. Interestingly, the disjunct Tropical Asia and Tropical America distribution were not restricted to southern latitudes. Temperate genera account for 5.1% to 98.83% of the total genera in regional floras with the highest proportion in the province of Xinjiang. Most of these genera followed geographic gradients in climate as expected (temperate genera conspicuously dominate the landscape at higher latitudes), except the East Asian and North American disjunct distribution, Eastern Asian distribution and Chinese endemic distribution. Generally, most plant genera demonstrated some correlation with climatic and geographic gradients. The most important gradients were those of annual air temperature and precipitation. A small fraction did not demonstrate significantly particular pattern:"Cosmopolitan","East Asian and North American disjunct","Eastern Asian" and "Chinese endemic" distributions. The North Temperate distribution had the highest correlation with mean annual air temperature and precipitation.

结果如下：(1)除世界分布、栽培和入侵成分外，大部分中国种子植物属的地理成分的分布与地理相关密切；(2)热带分布属（泛热带分布、热带亚洲至热带美洲间断分布、旧世界热带分布、热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布、热带亚洲至热带非洲分布及热带亚洲分布合计）占各地方植物区系的0.84%到94.38%，其最低值出现在中国西北部的新疆和青海地区，最高值出现在中国云南南部和海南；(3)热带分布属在＜北纬30°的地区占优势，除热带亚洲至热带美洲间断分布外，其它热带成分随纬度增加迅速减少；(4)温带分布属（北温带分布、东亚和北美间断分布、旧世界温带分布、温带亚洲分布、地中海区、西亚到中亚分布、中亚分布和东亚分布合计）占各地方植物区系的5.1%至98.83%，其最高值出现在中国西北部的新疆地区，最低值出现在中国云南南部和海南；(5)除东亚和北美间断分布、东亚分布和中国特有分布外，其它温带成分随纬度增加迅速增加；(6)在温带成分中，东亚和北美间断分布及东亚分布属主要出现在中国亚热带到暖温带地区，北温带分布、旧世界温带分布和温带亚洲分布属在中国北部占优势，而地中海区、西亚到中亚分布和中亚分布属则在中国西北部占优势；(7)除世界分布、东亚和北美间断分布、东亚分布和中国特有分布外，所有其他成分都显示了与气候因素密切相关，其中，北温带分布属与年均温和年降雨量最为密切相关。

The results indicated that the seeding flora ingredients were complex, all the 15 seed plant distribution area types ocarrina in China were found, the characteritic of the distribution area types is anciently original, rich for primitive group; geography ingredients are complex and diverse, dominated by temperate zone species, the next is tropics species, indicating the characteristics of the north and south flora; with high endemic degree.

对甘肃白水江国家级自然保护区种子植物属的分布区类型进行了研究，采用样线调查和样地调查相结合的调查方法，结果表明，保护区种子植物区系成分复杂，中国分布的15个种子植物分布区类型，在栖息地均有分布，区系成分表现为起源古老，原始类群丰富；地理成分复杂多样，以温带成分为主，热带成分次之，兼有南北植物区系的特点；特有化程度高。

We selected 15 representative floras from different climatic zones from north to south, and did DCA ordination between the Reserve flora and them. It showed that both spermatophyte flora and pteridophyte flora of the Reserve were more close to some southern floras, which located in much lower latitudes.

将之与我国不同气候带15代表性地点的植物区系进行DCA排序，发现其种子植物区系与蕨类植物区系组成都与更低纬度的一些区系更相近，表现出强烈的热带残遗性和亲缘性。

The angiospermae flora of Dongjiang valley is analyzed, including the geographical distribution pattern, the same and difference between the flora of Dongjiang and other floras, then the origination of flora of Dognjiang and the boundaties are discussed, finally the vegetative types of it were also described.

本文为广东省东江流域的植物区系分析，全文分析了东江流域植物区系成分的地理分布区类型，阐述了该区系与不同地区植物区系的异同与联系，探讨了东江流域植物区系的起源和区系的地理归属问题，并对东江流域的植被类型作了概述。

On the basis of field work and flora analysis, this paper has chiefly discussed the characteristics of Helan mountain flora. The results show: 1. The plant species are comparatively rich, for there are 678 species of spermatophytes in Helan mountain area, belonging to 314 genera, 71 families. Among the 314 genera there are 16 monotypic, 17 oligotypic and 5 chinese endemic ones.

本文通过贺兰山植物区系的分析，指出该区系的主要特征是：植物种类相对丰富；地理成分复杂多样，并且有明显的过渡性；区系内部的地区性差异很大；除少数为古老类群外，多数是发生较晚的年轻类群；整个区系显示有较大的脆弱性。

Here we clarify that areal-type of a genus is defined by concluding distributions of all species in the genus, therefore specific distribution types are not the same as their generic areal-types except monotypic genera. Similarities of composition of areal-types between compared regional floras do not necessarily represent their floristic similarities because the same generic areal-type can be composed by different genera from different plant families.

根据植物区系学理论，属的分布区是该属内所有物种的分布区的集合，除单种属外，不能直接套用属分布区类型作为该属内各个种的分布区类型；亲缘关系疏远的不同植物属可以有同样的分布区类型，若把不同地区植物区系各地理成分的比例关系的类似性解读成各地区间植物区系的亲缘关系，显然是不适合的。

By the analysis of the misty classification to the plant diversity of Nanyue nature reserve area and its 9 vicinities,The results show that:By their relationship of Nanyue nature reserve area and its 9 vicinities,the result is: Taiwan Area＞Jinggang Mountain＞Wuyishan Scenery＞Daluo Mountain＞Baiyun Mountain＞BaiShan Mountain＞BaiChuang Mountain＞Huangshan Mountain＞Xinnongjia.In order to do a beneficial tries and investigate a new plant classification method,and meanwhile the results is very meaningful to the management and reservation of Nanyue nature reserve area.

本文通过对南岳自然保护区植物多样性与其相邻的其余的9个地区植物多样性进行模糊聚类分析，结果表明，按与其区系关系的密切程度的大小进行排列，与南岳自然保护区的关系的密切从大至小的顺序为：台湾岛＞井冈山＞武夷山＞大罗山＞白云山＞北山＞北仑山＞黄山＞神农架，旨在对植物区系分类方法的研究作一个有益的尝试，探索一条植物区系分类的新方法，同时其结果对南岳自然保护区的经营管理和保护具有一定的实践指导意义。

The result of classification andordination of 34 florae all over China using TWINSPAN and DCA reflects not only thedecisive influence of the geographic locality,but also the effect of mountain altitudes,onthe floristic characteristics.

运用TWINSPAN和DCA对全国34个植物区系进行了数量分类排序，结果反映了一个地区的植物区系性质主要取决于其所在地的地理位置，同时也受山地海拔高度的强烈影响这一植物区系的基本特征。

The flora of southeastern Yunnan, with the compared floras together, belongs to the same floristic unit and is suggested to be part of Indo-Malaysian flora at northern margin of tropical Asia.

它们隶属于同一植物区系分区单元，在植物区系分区中为热带亚洲或印度－马来西亚植物区系的北缘部分。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。