森林

The main influence factors of forest ecosystem health in China include forest fire, acid precipitation and forest pest-disease disaster.

对森林生态系统健康的影响主要来自森林的各种灾害，我国的森林生态系统健康影响因子包括生物灾害、气象灾害和污染灾害等，给森林资源和森林生态系统的发展造成影响。

Department of forest sciences is primarily dedicated to education and research in forest sciences including developing forest ecosystem management, improving forecasts of forest growth and yield, designing cost-effective forest regeneration practices, natural resources management, biometeorology, soil microbiology and biochemistry, horticulture and agronomy, animal science.

森林科学系主要致力于森林科学的教育及研究，其科学领域包括发展中的森林生态系统管理，改良森林生长和生产量的预测，森林重建实践的成本有效设计，自然资源管理，生物气象学，土壤微生物学和生物化学，园艺和农学，动物科学。

The Farming-pastoral Zone in North China was separated into 8 Eco-regions according to the known Eco-region. The dissertation analyzed the regional differences of land use changes from three aspects on dynamic degree , land use degree and the change direction (1)On land use dynamic degree, the dynamic degree of the cropland was the highest in North warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest and the lowest in temperate forest steppe; forest land's was the highest in alpine meadow and the lowest in warm temperate forest steppe; grassland's was the highest in temperate forest steppe-bunchgrass steppe and the lowest in alpine meadow; other land's was the highest in North warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest－the Huang-Huai-hai plain and the lowest in warm temperate bunchgrass steppe.

结合已有的自然生态区的划分，将我国北方农牧交错带划分为8 个自然生态区，选取土地利用动态度、土地利用程度以及土地利用变化方向等3 个方面的指标对研究区进行了区域分异规律的研究，结果如下：（1）耕地动态度北暖温带落叶阔叶林生态区——北部山地丘陵区最大，温带森林草原生态区最小；林地的动态度高寒草甸生态区最大，暖温带森林草原丛生禾草草原生态区——东南森林草原区最小；草地动态度温带森林草原——丛生禾草草原生态区最大，高寒草甸生态区最小；其他用地的动态度北暖温带落叶阔叶林生态区——黄淮海平原区最大，暖温带森林草原丛生禾草草原生态区—西北丛生禾草草原区最小。

According to the present situations of protected area in China and referring to the definition and category abroad, we suggested the forest natural protected area mainly include three types as follow: Nature Reserves (NR; types of forest eco-system), Forest Parks and Public Welfare Tree Farm. Researches of evaluation on ecotourism resources of forest natural protected area focused on two aspects basically: to appraise and account the ecotourism resources monetarily from the standpoint of pure economics; to assess the exploitability of ecotourism resources based on the theories of conservation biology and ecology, in which finding the reasonable equilibrating point between protection and: utilization was emphasized. On the studies of development pattern of forest ecotourism resources, it is necessary to deal with the relationship between protection and exploitation correctively, namely to put the protection as the first consideration and balance the "Tree r.1ajor Benefits" so that prompting the virtuous circle afforest ecotourism.

根据我国自然保护地的实际情况，参考国外自然保护地的定义与分类方式，可认为我国的森林自然保护地主要应主要包括森林生态系统类型自然保护区、森林公园及公益林场三种类型；森林自然保护地的生态旅游资源评价研究主要集中在两方面：一是单纯地从经济学角度对旅游资源游憩价值进行货币化评价与核算，二是从保护生物学和生态学角度对资源的可开发性进行评价，其侧重在于找到保护与开发的的科学平衡点；在森林自然保护地旅游资源的开发模式研究上，必须正确处理开发与保护的关系，把保护放在第一位，坚持"三大效益"兼顾的原则，才能实现森林生态旅游资源开发与保护的良性循环。

The researches cover silviculture, vegetation management, tree physiology, ecophysiology, dendrochronology, forest ecology, forest fire ecology, forest soil biology, biotechnology, forest genetics, forest entomology and pathology, forest practices effects on biodiversity and sustainability and forest economics etc.

该杂志研究领域涉及造林学、植被管理、树木生理学、生态生理学、树木年代学、森林生态学、森林大火生态学、森林土壤生物学、生物技术、森林遗传学、森林昆虫学与病理学、森林实践对生物多样性与稳定性的影响以及森立经济学等。

The setting-up of the information management system of forest resource, the information quantizes and make a reservation after realizing it under the environment of Internet for HuoDiTang forest farm"s freest resource management and the forest farm area. The ones that and realized to Nathan"s woods resource information of forest zone upgrade in real time, trends monitored and appraise.And realize for this regional forest resource management that the sustainable development of the forest offers basic data and scientific basis. Improve the systematic whole ization degree of resources - economy - society. Finally for realizing forest reserves serve by the democratization and scientific izations of administrative decision.

森林资源信息管理系统的建立，实现了在互联网环境下对火地塘林场的森林资源管理及对林场区域内的森林资源信息量化和定位；并实现对林区内森林资源信息的实时更新、动态监测和评价，为这一区域森林资源管理和实现森林可持续发展提供基础数据和科学依据，提高资源—经济—社会系统的整体化程度，最终为实现森林资源管理决策的民主化和科学化服务。

Consequently, to evaluate forest sustainability of a certain region becomes important in sustainable forestry and sustainable development. Forest carrying capacity is an important and key index in evaluating forest sustainability, premise of forest management and decision-making, and an essential component of the theories in sustainable forestry and forest management and forest ecosystem.

因此，如何评价一个确定区域的森林是否可持续便成为可持续林业、可持续发展研究中亟待解决的重要问题，而森林承载力是森林可持续性评价中的一个重要的关键的指标，是制定和实施区域可持续林业发展规划、战略的前提，是区域森林经营管理决策的依据，同时它也是可持续林业理论的重要组成部分，是森林经营管理理论和森林生态学中的一个全新内容。

This paper suggests that the carrier of forest carrying capacity is"forest", instead of"forest resources", and the object carried is "human activity", instead of"population quantity".

2系统地建立了森林承载力的概念体系，提出并界定了&现实森林承载力&、&森林极限承载力&、&森林承载量&、&森林承载指数&的概念，这在森林承载力的研究中为首创。

Adopting methods such as PRA interview,field survey and forest sample plot survey, the forest traditional culture of deity mountain in Gaoligong mountain area was investigated.

应用参与性农村快速评估、田野调查及森林样地调查等方法，对神山森林传统进行了调查研究，结果表明，高黎贡山普遍存在传统的村社防护林、传统的村社水源林、汉族的风水林、护寺林、傈僳族的神山、傣族的龙山、傣族的色树、勒墨人祭天场周围的森林等形式多样的神山森林，作为传统生态伦理的主要载体，高黎贡山地区广泛存在的神山森林传统在该地区的生物多样性保护中起着重要的作用，神山森林还可以提供多种非木质林产品，实现多种生态功能，促进生物资源的合理利用。

It indicates that the development of town forest not only affects the town developing mode,but also affects that of habitation ;at this point,the idea of forest habitation is proposed.

阐述了城市森林的发展，指出城市森林的开发不仅会影响城市的发展，也会影响到城市的居住，就此提出了森林居住的概念；对森林住宅的发展前景以及森林住宅开发过程中应遵循的指导思想进行了分析；对森林住宅开发中的能源、水环境、气环境、声环境、光环境、废弃物管理与处置等系统提出了相关的技术规划建议。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。