棘层

We present a patient with multiple seborrheic keratosis-like lesions on the trunk with characteristic pathologic findings, which is first reported in Taiwan. The histology showed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and papillomatosis accompanied with acantholysis in the superficial epidermis.

我们报告一个病人在躯干有多个类似脂漏性角化症病灶，病理显示角化过度、棘层肥厚、有乳突瘤状增生以及上层表皮有棘层松解，与国外文献报告雷同，然而首次报告於台湾落叶性天庖疮病人。

Spinous layer: the innermost prickle cells are polygon, and from the inside to outside, they become more and more flat, they are connected to granular cells with some space between, besides the spinous process, under normal condition, there is cell tissue fluid that could help the metabolism of cells in between.

棘层：棘细胞自里向外由多角形渐趋扁平，与颗粒细胞相连，各细胞间有一定空隙，除棘突外，在正常情况下，还含有细胞组织液，辅助细胞的新陈代谢。

The expression of PCNA was significantly higher in CA than that in normal skins and the positive cells in CA were mainly throughout basal and spinous layers.

CA皮损中PCNA的表达水平明显高于正常人皮肤组织，阳性表达主要位于基底层和棘层细胞。

The epidermis is constituted by stratum basale, spinous layer , stratum granulosum, startum lucidum and horny layer.

表皮层即有基底层、棘层、颗粒层、透明层、角质层所组成。

Results In normal tongue mucosa and LP,the positive staining of Notch1 was mainly distributed in stratum corneum, partially in stratum granulosum and stratum spinosum, but not in stratum basale, while the positive staining of EGFR was mainly distributed in stratum basale, rarely in stratum spinosum, but not in stratum granulosum and stratum corneum.

结果 在正常舌黏膜和LP中，Notch1阳性表达主要位于角化层，部分颗粒层和棘层细胞也有表达，基底层无表达；而EGFR阳性表达主要位于基底层，棘层少见表达，颗粒层和角化层无表达。

The higher contract rate and the quicker healing speed appeared in treat group. The result from the hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that the epidermis is thicker in treat group than that in control group. A few BrdU positive cells appeared on the hair follicle of the rengenerate skin and the stratum basale and the stratum of the rengenerate epidermis.

常规病理检测治疗组再生皮肤表皮层明显增厚，细胞数目显著增多；免疫组化检测，在治疗组再生皮肤附件毛囊内层以及表皮基底层、棘层可见BrdU阳性标记细胞。

Stratum granulosum: outside the Spinous layer, made up of cells further differentiated to cuticle cells, so it would lose the nucleolus and turn to the enucleated startum lucidum and horny layer after completely cornified to horny layer.

颗粒层：位于棘层之外，是进一步向角质层细胞分化的细胞，因此它起着向角质层完全角化后，便失去细胞核，而转化成无核的透明层和角质层。

Results There were significant overexpressions of Bc-X in all layers of epidermis, inflammatory cells and vascular endothelia in dermis; there were mild up-regulations of Bax expression in stratum granulosum and stratum spinosum in the lesional skin.

结果 银屑病皮损中，Bcl-X在表皮各层、真皮炎症细胞及血管内皮的表达均较正常明显增高；Bax在颗粒层与棘层的表达轻度增高。

There were significant overexpressions of Bc-X in all layers of epidermis, inflammatory cells and vascular endothelia in dermis; there were mild up-regulations of Bax expression in stratum granulosum and stratum spinosum in the lesional skin.

银屑病皮损中，Bcl-X在表皮各层、真皮炎症细胞及血管内皮的表达均较正常明显增高；Bax在颗粒层与棘层的表达轻度增高。

The epidermis may be divided into the following zones, beginning with the innermost layer: basal layer, malpighian or prickle layer, granular layer, and horny layer, or stratum corneum .

表皮可分为如下数层，由深至浅依次是：基底层、棘层或称马尔匹次堡层、颗粒层、角质层。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐