梯度法

Taking water as an example, the pressure gradient was numerically calculated by finite difference method.

采用有限差分法对水在内管做行星运动的环空中流动的压力梯度进行了数值计算。

The gradient projection method is a class of effective algorithms for constrained optimization problem,and it has an important position in optimization.

梯度投影法是一类有效的约束最优化算法，在最优化领域中占有重要的地位。

Best [25] appears to be the first to suggest the use of Rosen's gradient projection method [154] for optimal structural design.

最好[25]看来是建议使用的第一个Rosen's梯度投影法[154]优选的结构设计的。

The status of gradient projection method of redundant manipulator is analysed, the effect and selection methods of the scale factor of the homogeneous solution is expatiated.

分析了冗余度机器人梯度投影法的研究现状，阐述了齐次解的比例因子的作用及其选择方法，提出了一种实时连续变化的比例因子计算方法。

But the projection used in gradient projection method is an orthogonal projection which does not contain the second derivative information of objective and constrained functions,thus the convergence rate of gradient projection method is not contented.

但是，梯度投影法所采用的投影是正交投影，不包含目标函数和约束函数的二阶导数信息·因而；收敛速度不太令人满意。

Considering the fact that the self constraints of the design variables can be formulated as the linear functions in the present process optimization, the nonlinear part of the constraints is dealt by introducing the concept of active constraint set. The linear part is dealt by the gradient projection method specially.

同时考虑到现在的优化求解问题中，设计变量自身的约束可以合理地表示成线性函数的形式，因此对于优化问题的非线性约束部分，通过引入活动约束集的概念进行处理；而对于线性边界约束，则采用梯度投影法作专门处理。

Furthermore, we solve the user equilibrium problem by gradient projection method to obtain some additional path-based information. Since true OD trip demands are unknown, we conduct OD demand estimation and OD demand covering rate verification by the least square estimator.

在求解使用者均衡之交通量指派问题上，透过梯度投影法(Gradient projection， GP)求解，并获得以路径为基础的相关资讯；在流量倒推旅次起迄量的课题上，由於真实OD量未知，故使用基本的最小平方估计量，进行旅次起迄需求涵盖量的推估与检验。

The steps of Reduced Gradient optimal method is used on solving the Least Squares theory model. At some situation, some nodes pressure and supply of all water-supply sources are measured in Xi'ning (resistance parameter of all pipes are known). By using the pressure of the experiment and optimal measure points, the state simulation is done respectively to get all nodes' pressure.

利用简约梯度优化法求解给水管网状态估计的最小二乘数学模型，实测某一工况下西宁市配水管网部分节点水压H_0、各水源供水量分别用优化选择的测压点水压和按经验选择的测压点水压估计所有节点的水压，对西宁市配水管网进行了状态估计。

With a serial of dilutions, the standard curves of the threshold cycle relative to the log of each initial template copy of NAS1 and SPS gene were obtained, and the correlation coefficients were 0.99976 and 0.99571, respectively.

以蔗糖磷酸合成酶基因作为水稻的内源参照基因，通过梯度稀释法，分别获得了NAS1和SPS基因的Ct值与起始模板数的相关性标准曲线，相关系数分别为0.99976和0.99571，相关性高。

First, based on the analysis of the grid Reynold number, the necessity for adopting high order scheme is emphasized when there is the complex flows with strong separation and high parameters gradient regions. Then, according to the entropy increased condition, the third order ENN scheme is constructed. Meanwhile, a fast, effective, and simple implicit numerical method called hybrid flux splitting method is developed. After that, the one dimensional model problem with many extrema and Burgers equation are simulated. Through the comparisons with exact solutions, the accuracy and effectiveness of the ENN scheme are confirmed.

首先通过对网格雷诺数的分析，论证了在求解含分离及较大参数梯度的流动时，采用高阶格式的必要性，然后从熵增原理出发，提出了建立三阶ENN格式的准则，同时发展并建立了一种快速、有效的简单隐式算法"混合通量分裂法"，通过对一维模型问题及Burgers方程的数值试验，检验了三阶格式的计算精度。

Finally, according to market conditions and market products this article paper analyzes the trends in the development of camera technology, and designs a color night vision camera.

最后根据市场情况和市面上产品的情况分析了摄像机技术的发展趋势，并设计了一款彩色夜视摄像机。

Only person height weeds and the fierce looks stone idles were there.

只有半人深的荒草和龇牙咧嘴的神像。