梯度法

It is also the base of structure optimization.According to main object characteristics of structural dynamics design,structuraleigenveetor sensitivity computation is,first,be studied.A Neumann series expansionmethod is proposed in accordance with the modal method and is developed to agreewith the structure with rigid body modes.A rapid Neumann series expansion methodfor eigenvector sensitivity is formed;it may greatly improve the efficiency ofcomputing eigenvector derivation.

本文根据结构动力学设计的主要目标特性，首先进行了结构特征向量灵敏度分析研究：形成了计算特征向量灵敏度的Neumann级数展开法，并将其扩展到适用于具有刚体模态的结构特征向量灵敏度分析；研究出计算特征向量灵敏度的快速Neumann级数展开法，该方法大大提高了特征向量灵敏度分析的效率；建立了无需K-1运算的结构特征向量灵敏度分析的共轭梯度迭代法。

Three different antiserum, rabbitantiserum against formalin-killed-cells of V. parahaemolyticus zj2003 (apathogenic strain isolated from diseased large yellow croaker, from Xiangshan bay,Zhejiang province), rabbit antiserum against OMP of the bacteria and large yellowcroaker convalescent antiserum were prepared for western blotting of the OMPpreparation.

以饱和硫酸铵梯度盐析法结合琼脂糖柱sephadex G200凝胶过滤法初步纯化了大黄鱼血清免疫球蛋白，再经割胶回收法得到进一步纯化的重链片段，分子量约为75kDa，免疫新西兰兔后获得兔抗大黄鱼免疫球蛋白血清，为ELISA和Western blotting检测技术奠定了基础。

The objective of this research consists of two parts. In the first part, the heavy metals such as copper, zinc and nickel will be taken to study the effect on SRB during bioprecipitation process using mixture design. In the second part, bacteria population will be examined thoroughly using molecular techniques such as FISH, DGGE and PCR.

此研究主题主要分成二部分，首先利用混合实验设计法探讨三种不同浓度重金属对於硫酸还原菌进行生物沈淀程序之影响，其次藉由萤光原位杂交法计算出硫酸还原菌占总菌之百分比，并透过变性梯度胶体电泳法探究反应过程中微生物族群之变化。

This invention exposed the method of producing high performance cannular sapphire. It uses once-fashioning wetting EFG technology. It draws the cannular sapphire with required inner diameter and outer diameter and length from melt. Firstly, the size and specification of cannular sapphire need to be determined, then according to it to produce the matching cannular die. Then selecting sapphire particleboard from flame fusion method as raw material, and secelting the good seeding grew in (0001) direction by Czochralski method to grow cannular sapphire. The transverse temperature difference is within 2DEG C, the lognitudinal temperature grads within 10mm of die end face is 3-4DEG C, the growth speed is 30-40mm/h.

本发明公开了一种生长高性能管状蓝宝石的方法，采用一次成型的润湿导模法技术，直接从熔体中拉制所需内、外径尺寸和长度的管状蓝宝石，其特征是，首先确定管状蓝宝石的规格尺寸，根据上述规格尺寸制作相匹配的长管模具，然后，选用高纯度焰熔法蓝宝石碎料作为原料，选用提拉法生长的(0001)方向的优质籽晶，进行管状蓝宝石的生长，横向温差在2℃以内，纵向温度梯度在距模具端面10mm内为3-4℃，生长速率为30-40mm/h。

Methods Density gradient centrifugalization and absorption technique were respectively applied to detach peripheral blood mononuclear cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes.

密度梯度离心及吸附法分离外周血单个核细胞和外周血淋巴细胞，采用抗CD4和CD8抗体分别制备CD~(8+)和CD~(4+)T细胞进行培养，应用MTT比色法及ELISA法分别检测T细胞增殖活性及培养上清液IL-2水平。

①Rat MSC and VSMC were cultured and identified, respectively. MSC were labeled with DAPI firstly, and then co-cultivated with VSMC. The changes of morphology and ultrastructure of co-cultured cells were observed. Immunfluorescence analysis was performed by using monoclonal antibodies against specific antigen.②We established the regulatable system in two steps: a stable MSC line expressing rtTA has been constructed and characterized firstly by transfected with pUHD 17-1hyg and then selected by hygromycin B; in a second step, this line was used for trandfer the AT2R gene to MSC to get the well establishing double stable MSC lines;③The expression of AT2R regulated by doxycycline was evaluated by western blot;④The MSCs were transduced into rat carotid arteries with regulatable AT2R gene after the establishment of rat carotid balloon injury restenosis model. The intimal/medial area ratio were measured by digital analysis system.

研究方法：(1)密度梯度离心法及胶原酶消化法分别培养原代大鼠MSC及VSMC，细胞共培养并行免疫荧光化学染色和透射电镜观察超微结构；(2)组成受Dox调控的哺乳动物表达系统的四种成分的转化、扩增及提纯并酶切鉴定；(3)采用常规分子生物学方法连续两个回合转染体外培养的MSC，并分别采用发光计检测不同细胞克隆萤光素酶活性改变以及RT-PCR方法检测AT2R目的基因mRNA表达情况，根据各个细胞克隆受Dox调控表达的程度，选择低背景、高诱导表达AT2R的细胞系，作为双重稳定MSC细胞系；蛋白免疫印迹法观察该细胞系在Dox调控下AT2R表达的时相性、持续性及在不同浓度Dox调控下的表达情况；(4)建立大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤动物模型，将双重稳定MSC在术中导入血管，分别于14 d、28 d进行病理切片，检测可调控AT2R对新生内膜增生的影响；采用RT-PCR免疫组织化学免疫荧光等技术观察AT2R基因在新生内膜中的表达以及细胞外基质成分表达的改变，TUNEL法检测血管组织中细胞凋亡的变化情况。

Methods The method of sucrose gradient centrifugation was used to purify Human herpesvirus-6B(HHV-6B); and in order to make sure the range of positive samples collection, the viron was detected by the methods of PCR, Dot blotting, Western blotting.

采用蔗糖密度梯度离心法进行病毒纯化；通过PCR法、斑点杂交法、蛋白免疫印迹法对纯化样品中HHV-6B进行鉴定，以确定收集阳性样品的范围。

Based on the survey of community plots, a quantitative analysis of the communities at Luya Mountain is performed with TWINSPAN Two Way Indicator Species Analysis and DCA Detrended Correspondence Analysis methods. 82 quadrates collected from Luya Mountains were classified into 28 types by TWINSPAN, which belong to seven vegetation types. The result of DCA indicated that those 28 types were reliable. Diagonal line of the two-dimensional ordination diagram of DCA reflects the gradient changes of elevation, temperature and humidity. It is considered that the major factors that restrict the community distribution of the mountains are elevation、temperature and humidity.

本文在群落样方调查基础上，采用双向指示种分析法TWINSPAN和除趋势对应分析DCA对山西芦芽山植物群落进行数量分类和排序TWINSPAN等级分类将芦芽山82个样方分为28类，可归属于7个植被型，分类结果反映了植物群落类型与环境梯度之间的关系，并在 DCA二维排序图上得到较好的验证DCA排序轴对角线基本反映了海拔、温度和湿度的梯度变化，表明群落生境所在地的海拔、温度和湿度是决定群落分布的主要因素

In this paper, purification of growth hormone receptor from ovine liver and identification of its biochemical character have been done.Firstly, by homogenizing, triturating, high-speed centrifuging, hypervelocity centrifuging and sucrose density grade centrifuging cell membrane of ovine liver was separated and its electron microscope slice wasprotein was disL~olved with TritonX-100,amL-thebinding activity between cell membrane or membrane protein and ~I-hGH using RRAwas measured, perfect saturated curve wasgained. Thirdly, specific binding of GILR protein was measured ,by SDSPAGE, its molecular weight is about 1 19KD.

本研究采取新鲜羯羊肝脏，匀浆、研磨，经高速离心，超速离心和蔗糖密度梯度离心，分离肝脏质膜，得到肝脏质膜的电镜切片：其次，用去垢剂TritonX-100增溶膜蛋白，利用放射受体分析法，测定细胞膜及膜蛋白与~(125)I-hGH的结合活性，均得到理想的饱和曲线；再次，将两点结合试验法与凝胶层析法结合检测到特异结合物，然后，经SDS-PAGE电泳分析，纯化后的样品呈现一条带，与标准分子量比较，得出分子量为119KD。

In the article a optical system was developed by the newest RC microscope with the schlieren method, which made the figure of appearance excellent colour and lustre and fine third dimension. The special cylindrical and cubic crystal growth cell was designed and the temperature-control system was developed to cooperate with the cell. Radial thermal gradient was formed in the cylindrical cell while transverse thermal gradient in the cubic cell, which was prepared for finding new effects.

在实验中首次采用最新式的浮雕相衬显微镜和纹影法光路相结合的方法，使得实时观察到的形貌图有良好的色泽和三维立体感；自行设计了柱型和方型两种型号的晶体生长室，研制了适合这两种晶体生长室的温度控制系统，在柱型晶体生长室中形成中心径向的温度梯度，在方型晶体生长室中形成横向的温度梯度，从而为发现新效应创造条件。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。