桩结构

The pile bridge riprap groin is engineering measures for diversion protection, consisting of precast concrete piles, lead wire cage rubble and firewood raft with deep foundation, strong capability of resisting impact, stability of structure, convenient construction, investment saving and so on, making up the easily breaking defects of the traditional ones.

桩式抛石丁坝是一种导流护岸工程措施，由预制混凝土桩，铅丝笼块石及柴排构成，它具有基础深，抗冲能力强，结构稳定，施工方便，节省投资等优点，弥补了传统铅丝笼抛石坝易折断毁的缺陷。

I have performed the design of several massive industrial and chemical process structures, such as a $430 MM chemical plant for Wellman in Mississippi and the rebuilding of a $350 MM Milliken carpet plant in Georgia.

我参加过许多大型的工业和化工过程结构的设计，例如为威尔曼在密西西比建一个桩柱每毫米430美元的化工工厂；为美丽肯在乔治亚州重建一个桩柱每毫米350美元的地毯工厂。

This article describes deforming regularity of pit excavation in two deferent retaining structure (piles and coaction of piles and anchor ropes). So the stress field and displacement field after pit excavation are to be fixed.

本文阐述了基坑在无支护情况和有支护情况下(悬臂桩和桩、锚索共同作用支护结构体系)施工开挖引起的变形规律。

In order to solve the similitude problem of shaking table scale modle test of dynamic interaction of pile-soil-bridge structure in ground of soil liquefaction, based on the theorem of Bockingham π widely applied at present, the dimensional analysis method is used, and the constitutive strain-stress relationship of material between model and prototype and the dynamic response similarity of pile-soil interface are considered at the same time.

基于目前广泛应用的Bockingham π定理，主要采用量纲分析方法，并且结合考虑模型与原型之间的材料变形应力-应变本构关系及桩－土接触边界动力响应相似性，求解液化场地桩－土－桥梁结构动力相互作用振动台试验的模型设计相似关系，同时提出人工质量问题的解决办法。

With the Wuhan Pivotal Jiangan Mega Bridge of the He-Wu Railway as a practical example, the technique of expanded open cutting in combination with steel plate cofferdam for extra-deep foundation pits is presented in the paper, with the design of the steel plate inclosing structure theoretically analyzed to ensure the construction safety of the excavation of extra-deep foundation pits.

结合合武铁路武汉枢纽江岸特大桥实例，介绍扩大明挖与钢板桩围堰相结合的超深基坑开挖施工技术，并对钢板桩围护结构的设计进行理论分析，以确保超深基坑开挖施工安全，为类似工程提供有益借鉴。

So,in this thesis,with regard to the stability and deformation of composite soil-nailing in soft clay foundation pit, the studies listed below were carried out, considering current research and design status of the soil nailed retaining structure. 1 Based on the use of leading pile with soil nailing protection, studied the work mechanism of mini-pile with composite soil-nailing, the model of stability analysis of the composite soil-nailing is established and examined by analysis engineering case.

因此本文鉴于软粘土地区深基坑工程土钉支护结构的研究及设计现状，在前人研究的基础上，就复合土钉支护软粘土基坑的稳定性和变形展开相应的专题研究，主要完成了以下几个方面的工作： 1针对软土条件超前桩的应用，研究了桩加土钉的复合土钉支护机理，建立了复合土钉支护稳定性分析模型和计算公式，并对工程实例进行计算分析，检验了模型。

Negative friction is always the top important problem in geological engineering, In order to calculate and study the negative friction, displacement coordinated method is improved and the relative displacement between the pile and soil is considered.

为了对负摩阻力进行计算研究，本文对传统的位移协调法进行了改进，考虑了桩土之间的相对位移，并结合土与结构材料接触面的固结快剪试验结果提出了桩土荷载的传递函数。

Monitored on the spot, the deformation characters of these supporting constructions are studied. Campared the calculation translocatins with the monitored translocations, the thesis believes that the translocation can be calculated by the method of "m", when the supporting structures produce small information. The translocation can be calculated by the mothod of "rigid frusta" or "the experiential expressions of shanghai area", when the supporting structures such as cement-soil wall in soft soil area produce big information.

通过实测，研究了小直径双排桩、水泥土深搅桩、土钉墙、放坡开挖等支护类型的变形特性，并用实测位移值与不同位移计算方法得出的结果进行了比较，认为对变形较小的支护类型可以采用& m&法计算位移，而对于软土基坑中变形较大的支护结构重力墙不适宜采用&m&法，其计算可以采用和参照&刚性墩&法和&上海地区经验公式&法。

Taking navigation mark in Hongze lake as an example,this paper introduces the determination and design principle of cast-in-situ pile structure,elevation of pile top,ice load and ship impact force,so as to promoting the application of cast-in-situ pile in navigation mark engineering.

为确保船舶的安全通航，航标多采用固定标，其桩基多采用钢筋混凝土灌注桩，以洪泽湖区航标工程为例，对其灌注桩设计结构形式、桩顶标高、冰荷载、船舶撞击力的确定和设计原理进行阐述，旨在推进灌注桩在航标工程中的应用。

With the changes of the use demand and natural conditions of the quay, the structure of the quay had happened greater changes relative to the past. At the same time, the count of pile in the nodal place of the crossbeam is increasing correspondingly, the size of pile cap become heavy gradually in nodal place, the bearing width in longeron and crossbeam is strengthened gradually too.

随着码头使用要求和自然条件的变化，码头结构较以往有较大的变化，横梁节点处的桩数相应增多，节点处桩帽的尺寸逐渐变大，纵梁和横梁搁置的宽度也逐渐加大。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。