桩结构

The comprehensive treatment project of Tong Ken landslide consists of whittling slope、anti-landslide pile with anchoring cable、retaining wall、building ground drainages leveling off and calking slope、vegetation protection etc. After managing, under the action of earthquake load and watery the stability coefficient of landslide is up to 1.10.Then, this text researches the structural optimization design of anti-slide pile with anchoring cable. On the condition that the width of section is invariable, the height of section is confirmed by structural optimization method. This will change traditional method to optimize the height of section so that design is simplified and cost is lower.

最终选用的的综合治理方案是由削方、锚索抗滑桩、护坡挡墙、地表排水、整坡填缝、生物防护等多种工程措施优化组合而成，治理后，在饱水有地震荷载状态下滑坡的安全系数可达1.10论文重点是主要对锚索抗滑桩的桩身结构优化设计进行了研究，在给定抗滑桩截面宽度的条件下，运用结构优化的方法来确定抗滑桩截面高度，改变传统迭代计算方法确定桩截面尺寸，使抗滑桩截面高度取最优值，达到简(来源：ABC4a论文8d网www.abclunwen.com)化设计和降低工程造价之目的。

The main results of the study are obtained as follows:1 In order to analyze and study the physical and mechanical characteristics of Lianyungang marine soft clay deeply, large numbers of basic mechanical characteristics tests and tri-axial shear tests are completed.2 In order to investigate the loaded and failure characteristics of the cement-soil, the cement-soils for the different ratio and different cure time are studied in the laboratory, and their unconfined compression tests and tri-axial shear tests are performed.3 Based on the solution of one-dimension consolidation, the one-dimension consolidation of the double-layered foundation is solved for two-grade loading in virtue of transcendental equation; Simultaneously, the one-dimension consolidation of the double-layered foundation is solved by means of Laplace transform for two-grade loading, and Stehfest numerical transform is applied in Laplace's inverse transformation; Furthermore, according to the practical foundation shapes, the consolidation models of the soil between piles and the substratum are built and solved respectively.4 The effect of each parameters on the consolidation of the double-layered foundation is discussed, and the solution of load transfer method for double-layered foundation is applied in A1-A4 section of Lian-Xu expressway. The results of calculating settlement of the double-layered consolidation theory are basic agreement with the measuring settlement results.

取得了以下几方面的研究成果：1针对连云港海相软土进行一维固结和三轴剪切试验，深入分析连云港海相软土的物理力学特性。2模拟水泥土搅拌桩施工，在室内制备不同配比、不同龄期的水泥土试样，并进行无侧限抗压试验和三轴剪切试验，揭示水泥土的受力特性及破坏特性。3运用超越方程，以双层地基一维固结解析解为基础，推导出二级加荷条件下双层地基的固结解析解；同时，通过荷载传递法并借助Laplace变换对双层地基的固结问题进行了数值求解；此外，根据实际的地基结构，建立了桩间土和下卧层的固结模型并分别进行求解分析。4分析探讨了双层地基中各参数对双层地基固结的影响程度，并运用荷载传递法的解答计算了连-徐高速公路A1-A4标水泥土搅拌桩处理段的六个断面，计算结果与实测数据有较好的一致性。

The superstructure has used the model of elastical constitutive relation; the pile-group foundation has quoted the soil-pile equivalent compound model. It has been analyzed the constitutive relation for soil-pile equivalent compound which regarded as the transversely isotropic body this construction relations, and determined the corresponding elastic constant.

上部结构采用线弹性本构模型，下部群桩基础引用了桩土等效复合体模型，分析了将桩土等效复合体视为横观各向同性体的本构关系，确定了相应的弹性常数。

The platform is made up of regular triangle anti-ice structure,inverted triangle anti-ice structure; sheet iron,protecting stake,main guide pipe support and supporting stake.

这种平台由正三角形抗冰结构、倒三角形抗冰结构、铁皮、保护桩、主导管架和支撑桩组成。

Nowadays, this structure is widely used although its design theory can not keep up with its engineering application. With the development of the west regions,with the construction of more infrastructures e.g. railways、highways and water conservancies, this kind of retaining wall will be more popular. So this paper does a research on this retaining wall based at a practical site.

目前这种结构应用较为广泛，但是其设计理论相对滞后于工程应用，随着国家西部大开发战略的实施，更多的铁路、公路和水电等基础设施项目陆续投入建设，桩基托梁挡土墙支挡结构也将大量应用，所以本文结合实际工点对桩基托梁挡土墙结构进行了研究。

Pile-anchor structure, which is the simple name of anti-sliding pile, foundation beam and foundation frame beam with prestressed anchor cable, is widely applied in geotechnical engineering.

桩锚结构，即预应力锚索抗滑桩和预应力锚索地梁，在工程中应用很广泛，在设计计算中，桩和地梁结构的内力计算理论已有多种方法。

In this paper the new type structure has been calculated and analyzed by using finite element method and common software ANSYS. This paper also has designed the other wharf components just as horizontal beam, deck, horizontal contact beam, arc foot, berthing member, platform and pile foundation.

同时，本文也对该大跨度码头的其他构件如横梁、面板、横向联系梁、拱脚联结台、靠船构件、桩台、桩基础进行了结构设计，并模拟出了这些码头构件及码头整体结构的三维立体图。

Based on the deep foundation pit project of tunnel in Nanjing metro west extending line, the supporting methods of the bored pile biting into deep mixing pile in soft soil are discussed. The key construction techniques and monitoring results for the supporting form in watered and soft soil bed are expounded. The ability of resisting seepage must be considered when insertion depth of supporting structure is designed, which may also prevent the skirting from losing its stability.

以南京地铁西延线区间隧道的深基坑工程为背景，对软土层条件下的钻孔桩咬合深搅桩的支护方法展开探讨和研究，著重阐述含水软土层中该围护型式的关键施工技术和监测结果，指出在设计围护结构插入深度时必须考虑抵抗渗流破坏的能力，同时安全的插入深度也是防止维护结构&踢脚&失稳的保证。

Based on the indoor model test s, this paper makes a qualitative analysis about the variation rules of the soil stress on the holding sheet.

以重庆地区常见的桩锚支挡结构体系挡板上土压力为研究对象，采用室内模型试验方法，定性的分析了挡板上土压力分布规律，并将其与经典土压力理论计算结果作对比，从而指出了经典土压力理论在桩锚支挡结构体系挡板土压力计算中的不适用

This paper studies the soil stress on the holding sheet between the pile-anchor erecting columns of the pile-anchor holding block structure system often used in Chongqing.

以重庆地区常见的桩锚支挡结构体系挡板上土压力为研究对象，采用室内模型试验方法，定性的分析了挡板上土压力分布规律，并将其与经典土压力理论计算结果作对比，从而指出了经典土压力理论在桩锚支挡结构体系挡板土压力计算中的不适用

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。