桩

In this paper, the fundamental theories and general development situation of composite foundation had been summarized at first. By comparing the application effectiveness and economical efficiency of several major piles types used in soft soil area, it was been indicated that these piles types were all defectively on bearing capacity or economical efficiency, while the rigid-flexible, long-short pile composite foundation could make full use of its bearing capacity, reduce the quantity of piles, and satisfy settlement and bearing capacity requests.

本文首先综述了复合地基及复合桩基的基本理论和发展概况，通过对深厚软土地区几种常用桩型应用情况及经济性能的比较，指出现行的几种常用桩型都不同程度地在承载能力或经济性上存在一定的缺陷，而通过比较表明刚柔性长短桩复合地基能最大限度的发挥复合地基的承载力，以减少用桩量，并满足工程对沉降和承载力的要求，因此，具有良好的经济性。

With iterative calculation method, loads of pile cap ,side frictional stress, settlement of pile cap, settlement between pile and soil,are deduced in condition of a group of initial side friction coefficients.

根据这些协调方程组，在给定一组初始桩侧摩阻力系数的条件下，运用迭代计算，最终可求出复合地基中的桩顶荷载、桩侧摩阻力、桩顶沉降及桩间土的受力和沉降。

When it was compared with the calculating result using the formula of Chinese JG...

最后简单讨论了这种类型桩的承载机理、桩侧阻力和桩端阻力的分配比例，本文认为，对于桩侧和桩端阻力应当采用不同的安全系数。

Then, according to differential equation of pile displacement and algebraic equation of neutral plane, the depth ratio of neutral planeλis solved by semi-analytical method. In the calculation example, the influence of pile compressive modulus, pile length and compressive modulus of subsoil beneath pile-bottom on the parameterλis analyzed. Moreover, the range ofλis also calculated.

然后，根据桩体位移微分方程和中性面代数方程，应用半解析的方法求解了中性面深度比λ，由算例分析了桩体压缩模量、桩长和桩端土压缩模量三个影响因素的变化对中性面深度比λ的影响，及刚性桩复合地基中性面深度比λ的取值范围。

The test curve of side skin friction resistance of pile is simplified linearly. The distribution of skin friction resistance is controlled by two factors: the maximum value of negative skin friction resistance and depth ratio of neutral plane. Thus, the simplified linear calculation model of rigid pile composite ground is established.

作者还根据桩体侧摩阻力的试验曲线，进行线性简化，由桩顶的负摩阻力最大值及中性面深度比控制全桩长的侧摩阻力分布计算，从而，建立了刚性桩复合地基桩体侧摩阻力线性简化计算模型。

By analyzing the displacement mode of unstable soil and the deformation mechanism of passive pile,an elastic perfectly plastic model and a hyperbolic curve model about the behavior of piled bridge abutment against soil lateral movements are developed on the basis of the previous research.

通过总结侧向变形土体常见的位移模式，分析桥台桩的变形机制，在阐述不同模式下桩侧压力的产生机理及桩的几种破坏模式的基础上，提出桩土间相互作用力与桩土间相对位移的双曲线关系模型和理想弹塑性关系模型，可为相关研究提供参考。

Ferromagnetism substances can be regarded as a right cylinder, and magnetic field characteristics around the pipe pile were analyzed on combination with model piles' tests. Lengths of pipe pile under buildings were detected by the magnetic logging principle.

把管桩中的铁磁性物质等效成直立磁性圆柱体，结合模型桩试验，研究了管桩外部的磁场特征，并且利用管桩外部的磁场特征确定了某居民小区住宅楼基础中管桩的长度。

The influence of the depth of diaphragm wall-pile cap, the soil properties at pile tip, the distance between diaphragm wall and pile, and the size of pile on the deformation and load transfer of diaphragm wall-pile system are investigated.

并分析了墙桩顶部承台厚度、桩持力层、墙桩净距以及桩截面积等的变化对墙桩荷载分担以及整体变形的影响。

Using linear elastic finite element model for piles and pile cap, elastic-plastic finite element model for piles-surrounding soil under pile cap, linear elastic infinite element model for soil around pile group, and mounting interface element on the pile-soil interfaces, 3-D elastic-plastic finite element method is used to analyzing the pile-soil-cap interaction.

对桩及承台采用线弹性有限元模型，对承台下桩周土采用弹塑性有限元模型，对群桩以外的土体采用线弹性无限元模型，在桩土接触面上设置接触面单元，利用三维弹塑性有限元对桩%D土%D承台相互作用进行了分析。

Causes of breakage of tube pile and practical study on rectification-joining method;2. An application of sinking Pile of dilling to lead the hole in solving the broken pile of the tube pile ;3. Due to the difficulty of construction quality control,application of tube pile foundation has been restricted in limestone zone.

在灰岩等特殊地质中，因施工质量控制难度大，管桩基础的应用受到限制，可在设计和施工中采用静压管桩，并准许有一定比例的断桩，以及控制终压压力、改变承载力取值模式等方法，达到预防断桩、降低断桩率的目的。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。