桨

In Chapter 2, a simplified analytical model is presented for the analysis of the BVI mechanism, adopting the Beddoes' prescribed wake model. By this model, the azimuthal location and miss-distance of the BVI and the radiation directivity of the BVI noise are calculated and discussed, and some conclusions are obtained.

在第二章，使用Beddoes预定尾迹模型，建立了一个用于旋翼桨-涡干扰特性机理分析的简化数学模型，分别对旋翼桨-涡干扰位置、桨-涡干扰距离和声辐射方向性等进行了计算和分析，得出了有意义的结果。

The definiens and working principle of controllable pitch propeller are introduced, the characters of CPP mechanism are summarized, and three types of shipping are concluded, which is applicable to equip with controllable pitch propeller by compared with pitch propeller. The control system of CPP usually adopts PID control, but the parameter of PID controller is adjusted inconveniently so as not to receive favorable result, therefore, the CPP control system based on fuzzy and neural network control is proposed so that improving the control effect. The result shows that the system design is feasible and effective.

介绍了可调螺距螺旋桨的定义及工作原理，并归纳了可调螺距螺旋桨推进装置的工作特性及特点，通过与定距桨进行的对比分析，总结出适用于可调螺距螺旋桨的三类船舶；目前调距桨控制系统一般采用传统的PID 控制方法，但由于PID控制器的参数不便于调节，不能取得良好的控制效果，从而提出了基于模糊神经网络控制的调距桨控制系统的设计，以提高调距桨在各种工况下的控制效果，仿真试验结果表明了调距桨控制系统设计的合理性。

At length I spy'd a little Cove on the right Shore of the Creek, to which with great Pain and Difficulty I guided my Raft, and at last got so near, as that, reaching Ground with my Oar, I could thrust her directly in, but here I had like to have dipt all my Cargo in the Sea again; for that Shore lying pretty steep, that is to say sloping, there was no Place to land, but where one End of my Float, if it run on Shore, would lie so high, and the other sink lower as before, that it would endanger my Cargo again: All that I could do, was to wait 'till the Tide was at highest, keeping the Raft with my Oar like an Anchor to hold the Side of it fast to the Shore, near a flat Piece of Ground, which I expected the Water would flow over; and so it did: As soon as I found Water enough, for my Raft drew about a Foot of Water, I thrust her on upon that flat Piece of Ground, and there fasten'd or mor'd her by sticking my two broken Oars into the Ground; one on one Side near one End, and one on the other Side near the other End; and thus I lay 'till the Water ebb'd away, and left my Raft and all my Cargo safe on Shore.

最后，我终于在小河的右岸发现一个小湾。我费尽艰辛，好不容易把木排驶到最浅的地方。我用桨抵住河底，尽力把木排撑进去。可是，在这里，我几乎又一次险些把货物全都倒翻在水里。这一带河岸又陡又直，找不到可以登岸的地方。如果木排一头搁浅在岸上，另一头必定会像前次那样向下倾斜，结果货物又有滑向水里的危险。这时，我只好用桨作锚，把木排一边固定在一片靠近河岸的平坦的沙滩上，以等待潮水涨高，漫过沙滩再说。后来，潮水果然继续上涨，漫上沙滩，等水涨得够高了，我就把木排撑过去，因为木排吃水有一尺多深。到了那儿，我用两支断桨插入沙滩里，前后各一支，把木排停泊好，单等潮水退去，就可把木排和货物品平安安地留在岸上了。

With the increase in tempo, the angle of hands away hail no significant change, but in 4 tempo for 3 athletes, their angle of entrance always greater than their angle of run, and their left angle of hands always were greater than right, it means that their left extent of hands away were longer than their right.

转桨角的变化幅度不大，但在四种桨频下，3名运动员的入水角都大于出水角。3名运动员的左转桨角比右转桨角大，意味着3名运动员左手桨叶的划幅比右桨大。

In order to investigate the coupling characteristics between elastic deflections and rigid motions of the blades, the moderate deflection beam model was adopted to treat elastic deflections and two methods were adopted to treat rigid motions based on infinitesimal rotation and finite rotation.

为了研究桨叶刚柔耦合特性，采用中等变形梁模型处理桨叶弹性变形，分别采用小转角和有限转角两种方法处理桨叶绕铰的刚性运动。

Results show:(1) coupling of elastic deflections with rigid motions is distinctive;(2) computations of two methods are in good agreement with test data, when rotation angle is small;(3) when rotation angle is large, couplings increase distinctly and the differences between the results of the two computational methods increase;(4) the bending stiffness has evident effect on the coupling, and the coupling will increase with the decrease of bending stiffness;(5) in case of the blade is relatively soft, the calculated values of phase lag and amplitude augment based on infinitesimal rotation will exist.

计算分析表明：(1)弹性桨叶存在较明显的刚性运动和弹性变形耦合；2）挥舞角较小时，两种处理方法计算结果一致，均与试验数据吻合较好；(3挥舞角较大时，刚柔耦合增强，两种处理方法的计算值差别较为明显；(4)桨叶弯曲刚度对桨叶刚柔耦合特性有较明显影响，刚度越小，耦合越强；(5)桨叶如果比较柔软，小转角处理方法计算值相对有限转角处理方法，相位滞后、幅值增加均较为明显，计算桨叶动响应时需引起注意。

In order to cause the result to be more reasonable, this article uses the iterative computation to convergence separately before determined the load of the forward and the after propeller respective, namely when calculates an propeller, its interference velocity which is by another propeller adds on inflow velocity to new inflow of this propeller, the continuously iterative computation for convergence.

为使水动力预报的结果更为合理，本文采用迭代计算的收敛来分别确定前桨和后桨各自的载荷，即在计算一个桨时，将另一个桨对该桨干扰速度加上该桨的来流速度来作为该桨新的来流，一直迭代计算到收敛。

Focusing on the interaction among the screws,the paper analyzed the current method of determining propulsive factor based on ship s self-propulsion test with three-screw and presented a new method to test and analyzed propulsive factor of ship with multi-screw.

针对多桨船螺旋桨间互相干扰的影响，通过对三桨船自航试验推进因子分析方法进行分析探讨，提出新的三桨及以上的多桨船船模自航试验方法和其推进因子分析方法。

About my company installed in the maintenance of plant and machinery, found that blade heat exchanger machine, to simplify the structure and easy maintenance, mainly in energy, high efficiency, nor the advantages of dust pollution of the environment, and the former Ministry of Chemical Industry blade technology patents produced in cooperation propeller Ye cooler Soda,(Patent No. ZL-02-2-37265.2), in practice and on several technical improvements, thereby creating a series of blades cool YL Soda, Soda Plant in Tangshan, Tianjin Soda Plant production was Praise.

我公司从事安装检修机器设备，发现桨叶式换热机，结构简化，易维修，主要是省能，效率高，又无粉尘污染环境的优势，与原化工部桨叶技术专利人员合作制作桨叶凉碱机，（专利号ZL-02-2-37265.2，在实践中又对几项技术进行改进，从而制造的YL系列桨叶凉碱机，在唐山碱厂，天津碱厂生产中获得好评。

Wave is the rotor blades hinges on the hinge between the propeller blade hub, the hinge allows the blade perpendicular to the rotor plane up and down waving, in order to make it not have chatter and the shutdown will not touch the ground, usually limited to damping and compatible digital devices ...

挥舞铰是旋翼桨叶于桨桨毂之间的铰接，这个铰接允许桨叶垂直于旋翼平面上下挥舞，为了使之不会产生颤振及在停机时不会触及地面，通常都有阻尼及限位装置相配合。。。。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失