桥梁工程

In application point of view, is a bridge between CAD and CAPP, furthermore, it is also a good connecter of geometry topology information of CAD and special engineering information to improve the utility of CAD, CAPP and CAM and to make new sense for parts CAD module, from combination of geometry topology information to special engineering information.

特征不仅仅是连接CAD与CAPP、CAM等领域的一个桥梁，更重要的是它可将CAD中的几何拓扑信息与具体的工程信息紧密地连接起来，提高了CAD、CAPP、CAM等的实际应用成熟度，使得产品模型由原始无工程意义的几何拓扑信息组合变为具有工程意义的特征信息组合。

Shaanxi-Ru 100 million construction and installation Decoration Engineering Co., Ltd. is engaged in building mechanical and electrical equipment installation, indoor and outdoor decoration, landscaping, fountain sculpture, construction steel, petroleum pipelines, corrosion insulation waterproofing, water and electricity HVAC, building curtain wall, intelligent engineering , communications equipment installation works, fire road traffic facilities and road roadbed, bridges and sports facilities, engineering design, construction, installation, construction decoration project budget and final accounts and audit preparation and audit consulting services, advertising, production and dissemination; Xi'an Highway Transportation Facilities Reflective signs of construction engineering, Xi'an, Xi'an, speed hump, protective Misnomer, Xian-chu, anti-collision warning, various traffic cone, wide-angle convex mirror, reflective vest, construction clothing, crash the water horse, contour standard, reflective spike , Anti-glare panels, bull barrel, triangle warning planes, the warning line, barrier tape, high-brightness lattice reflective film, parking locks, retaining wall protector, traffic Plum lights, traffic baton, reflective materials, hot melt crossed the road machine, Xi'an road cold spray liner machine, parking smart Barrier, Barrier intelligent toll station, as well as all levels of roads, community, school construction projects such as crossed.

陕西儒亿建筑安装装饰工程有限公司是从事建筑机电设备安装、室内外装饰装修、园林绿化、喷泉雕塑、建筑钢结构、石油管道、防腐保温防水工程、水电暖通、建筑幕墙、智能化工程、通讯设备安装工程、消防道路交通设施和公路路基路面、桥梁及体育场设施工程的设计、施工、安装，建筑装饰工程预决算与审计编制及审核咨询服务，广告设计制作与发布；西安公路交通设施工程部施工西安反光标志牌，西安橡胶减速带，防护隔离栏，西安防撞警示柱，各种交通锥，广角凸面镜，反光背心，施工服装，防撞水马，轮廓标，反光道钉，防眩板，防撞筒，三角警示架、警戒线、护栏带，高亮度晶格反光膜，车位锁，护墙角保护器，交通梅花灯，交通指挥棒，反光材料，道路热熔划线机，西安道路冷喷划线机，停车场智能道闸，收费站智能道闸，以及各级公路、社区、校园等划线施工工程。

" Chinese highway journal " Chinese highway learns to sponsor, the definitive science journal that Chang'an university and academy of science of highway of the Ministry of Communication undertake jointly (ISSN 1001-7372, CN 61-1313/U), basically publish civil engineer, bridge and tunnel project, traffic project, car and car to use the paper of the domain such as machine of project, content shedding, economy and management, project, administrator of personnel of technology of the researcher that main constituency is highway traffic domain, project, economy reachs academical teachers and students.

梗概： 《中国公路学报》是中国公路学会主办的，长安大学和交通部公路科学探究院共同承办的权威性学术刊物(ISSN 1001-7372，CN 61-1313/U)，主要刊载道路工程、桥梁和隧道工程、交通工程、汽车和汽车运用工程、物流、经济和管理、工程机械等领域的学术论文，主要读者为公路交通领域的科研人员、工程技术人员、经济管理人员及大专院校的师生。

Based on qualitative analysis and comparison of several options for suppressing transverse vibration on deck type steel plate girder of railway bridge,conclusions are made as follows:with static reinforcing,the vibration amplitude can be suppressed to some extent,but quasi-resonance of the bridge can not be avoided,moreover,the construction is inconvenient and costly.

通过对目前抑制铁路上承式钢板梁桥横向振动的几种方案进行定性的分析和比较，认为：静力加固方案可以使桥梁振幅有所减小，但不能避免准共振现象的发生，而且工程造价较高，施工也不方便；两桥连接方案减振效果明显(减振率近50%)，比较经济也比较方便，但同样不能避免准共振现象的发生；动力减振方案可以有效的抑制桥梁的准共振现象(现场试验中减振率达51.83%)，而且工程造价较低，施工简单、方便。

The main contents and results of this paper are listed as follows:Based on the finite element analysis software ANSYS establish a bridge of three-dimensional mechanical model of CWR;Based on an actual project,calculate different conditions of three forms of bridge and research the reasonable removal scope of fastener;Research on the allowed lock temperature rail track construction of partial maintenance of range.By analyzing the result obtain the best way to replace the support of a bridge and the range of removal of the bearing and permission of rail temperature of construction.It supports some recommendations for the replacement of city construction maintenance.

本文主要研究内容为：基于有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了桥上无缝线路三维力学模型；依据某实际工程，分析计算了三种桥梁形式在不同顶升工况下的钢轨和扣件受力，研究了扣件的合理拆除范围；对维修后局部钢轨施工锁定轨温的允许范围进行了研究；分析得出了城轨桥梁更换支座施工的最佳顶升方式、扣件拆除范围和允许施工轨温，为城轨桥梁更换支座的施工维修提出了一些建议。

The measurement results of the bridge load testing experiment were heavily influenced by the field environment. Based on the field test results of strain which were affected by simulated outside temperature, it was proposed that the compressed enameled wire could replace the traditional rubberized wire and shielded cable in bridge load testing experiments. This was supported by abundant data collected from the in-situ measurements and the results of these measurements were positive. As bridge-arm lead in the electrical resistance strain testing system, the compressed enameled wire was more stable than the rubberized wire.

摘 要：桥梁荷载试验现场测试环境的变化，对测量结果影响较大，在试验模拟室外温度变化对现场应变结果测量影响研究的基础上，提出采用高强漆包线替代传统的胶质电线、屏蔽电缆应用到桥梁荷载试验中，并进行了多个工程实例，通过大量实测的数据说明高强漆包线替代传统的胶质电线、屏蔽电缆应用到桥梁荷载试验中是可行的，测试效果是明显的。

Based on this,189 bridgesin the actual projects as a sample were selected,the connection between static test result anddanymic test result was built in this paper in order to assess the structure\'s bearing capacity bydynamic characteristics of bridge.The main contents are as followings:(1)On the base of actual observation records of bridge samples,the mechanicalproperties of the assembly slab bridge is obtained,and the mechanical characteristic ofhinged joint and bridge deck,the distribution of the guard rail in transverse direction are alsodiscussed.Based on the above analysis,the rational theoretical model is built,which offerssome reference to assess the structure\'s bearing capacity.

基于此，本文在实际工程项目中选取189座板桥作为样本，通过对样本桥梁实测静载挠度、应变和动载频率进行统计回归分析，建立桥梁结构动载试验结果与静载试验结果之间的关系，通过桥梁结构动力特性来评定结构承载力，论文主要完成了以下几个方面的工作：(1)以样本桥梁实测数据为基础反演装配式板桥受力特性，确定各种型式装配式板桥的铰缝受力特点、桥面铺装层受力特点以及护栏沿桥面横向分配原则，以此建立真实反映装配式板桥受力特点的理论计算模型，为装配式板桥承载力评定提供理论计算依据。

With sixty-three million registered capital, CCCEC, being awarded by bank as AAA Level Credit, and entitled as First Class Qualified General Contractor on Road Constructing Project, on House Building Engineering Project, on Building Decorating Engineering Project, as well as Road Foundation, Pavement and Bridge, and as Second Class Qualification On Lift Installation Engineering and On Crane Assembling and Installation Engineering, possesses more than 200 sets of large-sized equipments and more than 90 sets of different testing devices.

中交建设注册资本金 6300 万元，银行信用等级 AAA 级。拥有大型设备二百多台套，各类检测设备九十多台套。具有公路工程施工总承包一级；房屋建筑工程总承包一级；建筑装饰工程专业承包一级资质；公路路基、路面、桥梁专业一级资质和电梯安装工程、起重设备安装工程专业二级资质。

In this paper, the necessity for the engineering system theory to come into being is detailed, and lots of the basic viewpoints of the engineering system theory has been discussed in this paper, includes a set of conceptions and disciplinarians, the analysis and design views, the evaluating points.

阐述了工程系统论产生的必要性，全面讨论了其基本观点，包括工程系统论的若干概念和规律，工程系统论的分析和设计观，并给出了评价观。工程系统论的产生为一般系统理论和系统工程架起了一座桥梁。

Inspection is the basic focus : building units for project quality supervision, the construction plan design document review, construction permit procedures; Construction of the main responsibilities of the intelligence and associated personnel qualifications; Construction plan review agencies, the intelligence unit testing and quality engineering; Works mainly in residential housing construction foundation base, the main structure; urban municipal projects roads, bridges structure; ready-mix concrete production enterprises standardized management, metering management, process control and quality inspection; examines engineering investigations, design, construction, supervision and other units and the construction plan review bodies, engineering unit testing on technical information.

检查重点基本是：建设单位办理工程质量监督、施工图设计文件审查、施工许可手续情况；建设工程责任主体的资质及相关人员资格；施工图审查机构、工程检测单位的资质及质量行为；以住宅工程为主，房屋建筑工程的地基基础、主体结构；城市市政工程的道路、桥梁结构；预拌混凝土生产企业的标准化管理、计量管理、工序控制和质量检验；受检工程勘察、设计、施工、监理等单位和施工图审查机构、工程检测单位的有关技术资料等。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。