桥墩

Bridge 520 meters long, 10 meters wide, 16 piers, the bridge deck to build the masonry.

桥长520米，宽10米，有16座桥墩，桥面为砖石所砌。

According to the model test of a bridge pier with pile foundations, it is found that the Clough hysteretic model can be used to simulate the hysteretic behavior of the foundation systems.

在桩基础桥墩滞回特性的模型试验基础上，提出了用Clough模型模拟基础的恢复力特性。

For the experimental results under the steady flow conditions, the scour hole and local scourdepth are comparatively small for both a eccentric and concentric non-uniform piers.Since the scouring retardation by the top of foundation and the distance between thetop of foundation and the initial bed level, the downflow intensity is reduced for theun-exposed bridge foundation (Y=+10mm).

研究结果显示於定流量作用下，不论是非同心圆或同心圆不均匀桥墩，当桥墩基础未裸露(Y=+10mm)时，由於覆土高与不均匀面之影响，而减缓向下射流之强度，因此所产生之冲刷坑大小及冲刷深度较小。

The flow .structure and river bed deformation near piers when an angle exists between the trend of piers and the direction of main-flow will be different from those when the angle equal to zero, such as the flow-obstructing width will increase, the diversion function will occur, the partial scouring pits get larger and deeper, and the main-flow and thalweg within a certain distance downstream the piers will deviate to on...

对桥渡附近的河床变形进行了实验研究，认为在桥墩走向与主流方向存在一定偏角时，桥墩附近的水流结构和河床变形将会不同于没有偏角时的情况，如增大阻水宽度，起到导流作用，使局部冲刷坑增大变深，以及能使下游一定范围内主流位置和深槽位置向某一侧发生偏移。

On the basis of the algorithm of BP neural network,the network's excitation function has been improved, and an ANN-based Seismic Response recognising system for pile foundation bridge pier has been developed according to the characters of the seismic response of the pier.

在原BP神经网络基本算法的基础上，按研究桩基桥墩地震响应的特点，改进了网络的激励函数，开发了适用于桩基桥墩地震响应的神经网络辨识系统。

Here displacement and stress fields caused by migrating pingos and stresses of bended bridge pier were calculated by three dimensional finite element modeling based on field observation and laboratory tests, and breaking mechanism of bridge pier was analyzed after the numerical modeling.

考虑移动冰丘与工程设施的相互作用，根据野外观测和实验资料设计模型，应用三维有限元数值模拟方法，计算移动冰丘冻胀产生的位移场、应力场和桥墩弯曲应力，分析桥墩破裂机理。

It is proved that expansion of migrating pingo can produce axis stress of 11 to-21 MPa,formed concentrat...

结果表明，移动冰丘能够产生11~-21MPa的轴向应力和15~-31 MPa的主应力，在桥墩周围形成不同规模的应力集中区，导致桥墩发生显著偏移。

It is proved that expansion of migrating pingo can produce axis stress of 11 to -21MPa, formed concentration of stresses and caused evident displacement and deviation of bridge pier.

结果表明，移动冰丘能够产生11~-21MPa的轴向应力和15~-31MPa的主应力，在桥墩周围形成不同规模的应力集中区，导致桥墩发生显著偏移。

Because effect of upper bridge to longitudinal vibration of pier could not be neglected,fundamental frequency calculation formulas of pier restrained on its top by bridge beam were derived based on energy method.

针对实际工程中桥梁上部结构对桥墩顺桥方向振动具有不可忽略的约束作用，在能量法的基础上推导出了顶端受桥梁约束的桥墩复合振动基频计算公式。

Continuous rigid frame bridge has smooth-going deck and because of the softness of the high-pier, the moment of piers' bottom is smaller compared to T- rigid frame bridge.

连续刚构这种桥型结构刚度好、抗震性能好、墩梁固结利于悬臂施工，减少了大型支座的养护维修和更换，与T形刚构相比，行车平顺舒适，由于桥墩具有一定柔度，桥墩根部所受弯距很小。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新