桃蚜

Peach aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae), Myzus persicae, is one of the most economically important pests that result in decreasing of yield and quality of crops of agricultural and horticultural crops throughout the world.

桃蚜属同翅目，蚜科，瘤蚜属，是世界上分布最广、危害最大的蚜虫类害虫之一。

The spatial,temporal and two-dimensional niche breadths and niche overlaps of Hyalopterus amygda/i, Myzus persicae and their main natural enemies were studied in this paper. The results showed that the synchronism and sympatry of the pests and their natural enemies Harmonia axyridis, Propylaea japonica and Chrysopa septempunctata were both higher, which provided a foundation for protecting and using natural enemies to control the two pests.Key words: Hyalopterus amygdali; Myzus persicae; Natural enemies; Ecological niche

为了保护利用天敌，充分发挥天敌对害虫的自然控制作用，作者对桃粉蚜、桃蚜及其主要大敌在时间维度、空间维度和时—空二维生态位宽度和生态位重叠进行了研究，评价了4种主要大敌异色瓢虫、龟纹瓢虫、大草岭、蜘蛛对这2种害虫在时间和空间上的跟随作用和控制效果，为桃园桃粉蚜、桃蚜两种害虫的生态控制提供理论依据。

We conclude that the phylogeny of Buchnera and its host M. persicae are co-evolutional based on our previous and present studies.

综合我们以前的研究分析桃蚜及其内共生菌Buchnera的系统进化关系，发现桃蚜与其内共生菌是协同进化的。

To further explore the phylogenetic relationships between the aphid Myzus persicae and its endosymbiotic bacterium Buchnera, COⅠ/COⅡ, 12S/16S rRNA and EF-l alpha genes in four populations of M. persicae were amplified. Through phylogenetic trees constructed by the COⅠ/COⅡ, 12S/16S rRNA and EF-l alpha genes in M.

为进一步明确桃蚜与其内共生菌Buchnera之间系统进化关系，参照前人研究蚜虫系统进化所用的COⅠ/COⅡ、12S/16S rRNA、EF-1 alpha的3对引物，对桃蚜的COⅠ/COⅡ、12S/16S rRNA、EF-1 alpha基因进行了扩增，并构建了桃蚜COⅠ/COⅡ、12S/16S rRNA、EF-1 alpha基因序列系统进化树。

Myzus persicae were prevail in plantation of Chaenomeles spciosa, occurrence degree had no relative with altitude , but had direct ratio with the number of summer

桃蚜在资丘木瓜种植区普遍发生，发生程度与海拔高度无明显相关性，但与木瓜树的夏梢多少成正比；研究有蚜株率和蚜情指数与木瓜产量的相关性表明：当蚜情指数达0.3以上时，木瓜产量降低60％以上；采取及时剪去嫩梢或喷洒1％洗衣粉40kg／666.7m~2等无害化治理措施能有效的防治蚜害。

The tolerance of multicolored Asian ladybirds to high temperatures was stronger than that of aphids at 40℃ below.

40℃以下异色瓢虫对高温的耐受力比桃蚜强，超过40℃桃蚜的耐热力反而高于异色瓢虫。

Green peach aphid Myzus persicae,is one kind of pest distributed generally in all over the world. Its hosting plants are about 50 families and 400 species.

桃蚜Myzus persicae又名烟蚜，桃赤蚜，是一种几乎广布全球的多食性害虫，寄主植物已知达50 多个科400 多种。

Among them multi-types of body colour and special types of hosts are the most universal phenomena. In our experiment, methods of microsatellite primer PCR molecular marker and partial gene sequence analysis of mitochondrial DNA COⅠ-Ⅱwere used to analyze genetic diversity of two body colour bio-types (red bio-type and green bio-type) of green peach aphid from different plants and relationship between green peach aphid and host plants by separately selecting individuals of aphid from rape, Chinese cabbage and tobacco. The main results as follows: 1. Selecting An Ruisheng'method of extracting DNA from small sized insect, using this method can extract DNA well and steadily.

本文采用微卫星引物PCR 分子标记和线粒体COⅠ-Ⅱ部分序列分析的方法，分别选取十字花科植物中的甘蓝和油菜，茄科植物中的烟草，对不同寄主上桃蚜的红色和绿色两种体色生物型的遗传多态性及其与寄主植物的关系进行了研究，取得的主要结果如下： 1、选取安瑞生(2002)小型昆虫DNA 提取方法，能很好且比较稳定的提取桃蚜基因组DNA。

It is seen from grafting Aphid test that green peach aphid can feed on green cabbage,spinach and lettuce,and reproduce on them,furthermore,it shows the different viability between on the tested hosts.

通过接种试验看出，桃蚜接种在青菜、菠菜、莴苣等蔬菜上均能取食繁殖，而且相互间可以接种，桃蚜接种在青菜上繁殖生长最快，萝卜蚜和桃蚜接种在番茄上则不能生活，青菜上的萝卜蚜和桃蚜接种在烟草上，其结果萝卜蚜不能生活，而桃蚜经过短期适应取食后，仍可生长、繁殖，为害烟草。

Grandis adult on peach aphid increased with the increment of peach aphid density when peach aphids were in 20 - 120 heads/dish, reached maximum （83.889 heads） and decreased when peach aphids were more than 120heads/dish.

方法在放有1头大突肩瓢虫成虫的培养皿中分别放20、40、60、80、100、120、140、160、180头无翅桃蚜，室内自然条件下饲养，研究大突肩瓢虫成虫对桃蚜的捕食作用。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐