格式塔心理学

From this point, this thesis introduces Arnheim's Gestalt theory, Gombrich's explanation on art history and pictorial representation, and other theories on visual perception and graphic representation, reviews the architectural drawings in China and Western world history, discusses their cultural attributes and the psychological foundation on their origination and evolution, as well as their apparent characters and practical values.

由此出发，本文引入了阿恩海姆的格式塔学说、贡布里希的艺术发展和再现理论及其他有关视觉和图示再现的艺术心理学理论，考察了中国及西方的建筑制图发展历程，说明了各类建筑图像资料的外在形式特征和实用价值，进而探讨了其发生发展的心理学依据和文化属性。

As one of modern psychology branch, Gestalt theory has a close bearing on the philosophical background of the globe and political and cultural factors of Germany at that time.

这一理论在康德和厄棱费尔那里得到了发展。作为近代心理学流派的一支，格式塔理论的产生与当时世界的哲学背景及德国的政治、文化条件有很深的关系。

As one of modern psychology branch, Gestalt theory has a close bearing on the philosophical background of the globe and political and cultural factors of Germany at that time., The theory was extensively employed in other academic fields after that.

作为近代心理学流派的一支，格式塔理论的产生与当时世界的哲学背景及德国的政治、文化条件有很深的关系。此后，这个理论在其他学术领域内得到了广泛的运用。

Perls was mainly affected by existentialism, phenomenology, gestalt psychology, psychoanalysis, holism and eastern theories.

究其渊源，皮尔斯的思想主要受到了存在主义、现象学、格式塔心理学、精神分析学派、整体论和东方思想等多种流派的影响。

He also suggested the five layers of neurosis that could block individual growth, which were phony layer, phobic layer, impasse layer, implosive layer and explosive layer.

皮尔斯人格思想和理论的贡献主要表现在：首先，它促进了现代人格理论的发展；其次，它促进了存在心理学在美国的发展；再次，皮尔斯以此为基础创建了独特的格式塔疗法。

Moreover, communication is affected by psychological process, it follows the logarithmic transformation of sense and perception.

此外，信息交流还受心理过程的影响，它遵循格式塔心理学的基本原则及感觉知觉过程中的对数变换法则。

Therefore, visual perception indicates those psychological counterparts acting in the visual center of brains'physiology.If we apply the perception theory in Gestalt psychology to researching the film's performance, film images will present a large amount of PHI phenomenon resulting from the painting lattice appearing at intervals.

我们把格式塔心理学观照下的知觉理论体系应用到电影画面表现力研究中，电影影像是大量的按照某一次序间隔出现的画格的似动现象，研究电影影像的表现力可以分为对静态画格表现力的研究和对画格似动现象的研究。

Based on twenty yearss research, Chen Lin developed the holistic processing hypothesis of Gestalt psychology into topology property perception theory, and thought of the human perception as a processing from holistic property to local property of perceptual object. From the viewpoint of Chen, a primitive and general function of the visual system is the perception of topological properties, and perceptual organization should be understood in the perspective of transformation and perception of invariance over transformation in the topological approach.

基于二十余年的研究积累，陈霖的拓扑性质知觉理论从格式塔心理学的整体加工思想出发，试图结合拓扑学的相关研究，对人类的知觉加工给出一个"大范围到局部"的说明，认为视觉系统的基本单元和一般功能是拓扑性质的知觉，知觉组织应当从变换和变换中的不变性知觉的角度进行理解。

The methodological components in mental paradigm that are suited forstudying human being,the holism in Gestalt psychology,the problem-centeredmethodology of cultural science psychology,the humanistic tendency in neo-psychoanalysis,the emergency of self-actualizing potential in organismic psychology,allthese make the unique human nature easily seen and advocate the unique researchmethods for studying human being,thus provide the humanistic methodology inpsychology some fundamental components.

心理主义范式中的适合于人的特性的方法论成分、格式塔学派的整体论、&人文科学心理学&的问题中心论和人文科学取向以及主观范式和整体论的弘扬、新精神分析学派中的人本主义倾向、机体论心理学对自我实现潜能的凸显等等，亦若明若暗地张扬了人、人的心理的独特本质和人的特有的研究方式，从而使人本心理学方法论获得了一些较为基本的构件。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。