根治

Radical cystectomy: For invasive bladder cancer, the most common type of surgery is radical cystectomy .

根治切除术：针对浸润性膀胱癌，最常见的手术是根治术。

Objective The author have studied 36 patients from 1989 to 1992 year who underwent combined management of glossectomy, mandibulectomy, radical neck dissection and repairing myocutaneous flap in order to find out the causes of sudden asphyxia, Of the 36 cases, 4 patients suffered asphyxia and four were dead.

目的 研究舌颌颈联合根治肌皮瓣修复后的患者突然窒息的主要原因。方法作者从1989～1992年对36例舌颌颈联合根治肌皮瓣修复术后的患者进行研究，其中4例发生窒息并且死亡。1。

Miles'operation for ultra-low rectal cancer patients with radical cure at the same time to reconstruct by gracilis muscle in situ at phaseⅠnot only completed the colorectal cancer ,but also solved the defecation problem.The quality of life in patients is conspicuously improved and it is a safe and effective surgical method.

超低位直肠癌Miles根治术股薄肌Ⅰ期肛门再造既完成了直肠癌根治，又解决了排便问题，患者生存质量得到明显提高，是一种安全有效的手术方法。

There were no instances of complete heart block and other cardiac accidents during the course of anesthesia.

所行手术包括食管癌根治术、肺叶切除、喉切除、直肠癌根治术、子宫切除术等。20例中除8例术中有血压下降，1例术后有一过性心律失常外，未发现其他循环紊乱。

Abstract］ Objective To explore the failure causes of mastoidectomy and precautions.Methods The operation findings of 37 cases who underwent revision mastoidectomy from 1995 to 2005 were analyzed for causes of the primary procedures and revision mastoidectomy failure.Results Original symptoms disappeared.

目的 探讨乳突根治术不能干耳原因及预防措施方法对我科1990~2005年收治的37例乳突根治术不能干耳患者的再次乳突手术所见进行分析，并行二次乳突根治术。

Cent of patient of 51 breast cancer is the method two groups, use medical group of biology albumen rubber 25 routine breast cancer is improved effect a radical cure glue of use biology albumen is achieved in the operation when art, did not use medical group of biology albumen rubber 26 routine breast cancer is improved effect a radical cure biology albumen gum is not used when art, the 1st day drainage after observing art always makes the discharge, hypodermic case that accumulate fluid after quantity, art, in order to decide medical biology albumen glue is improved to breast cancer the precautionary effect that effects a radical cure fluid is accumulated hypodermically after art.

方法51例乳腺癌患者分为两组，采用医用生物蛋白胶组25例行乳腺癌改良根治术时在手术创面使用生物蛋白胶，未用医用生物蛋白胶组26例行乳腺癌改良根治术时不使用生物蛋白胶，观察术后第1天引流量、术后总引流量、皮下积液情况，以确定医用生物蛋白胶对乳腺癌改良根治术后皮下积液的预防效果。

Results:3 cases enlarged radical operation,11 cases radical operation,3 cases simplified radical operation,1 case simple tumor-ectomy were performed,and 11 cases axillary lymphy nodes metastases were found(61.1%).

结果：3例扩大根治术，11例根治术，3例简化根治术，1例单纯肿块切除，腋窝淋巴结转移阳性者11例，占61.1%。

Abstract］ objective to explore the failure causes of mastoidectomy and precautions.methods the operation findings of 37 cases who underwent revision mastoidectomy from 1995 to 2005 were analyzed for causes of the primary procedures and revision mastoidectomy failure.results original symptoms disappeared.all cases achieved a dry ear after mastoidectomy 1～3 months.conclusion causes of failure of mastoidectomy include unfamiliarity with regional anatomy,absence of skill of surgeons,unadequate opening of mastoidale,and clinical experiences.each of these can result in residual lesion and inadequate drainage.some exceptions can also result in reoperation.to resect the pathological changes tissue thoroughly,to remain good drainage after operation,to manage some execptions are keys to prevent reoperation.

目的 探讨乳突根治术不能干耳原因及预防措施。方法对我科1990~2005年收治的37例乳突根治术不能干耳患者的再次乳突手术所见进行分析，并行二次乳突根治术。结果术后1～3个月患者原有症状消失、干耳。结论乳突根治术失败原因主要是术者中耳乳突解剖不熟、基本功不过硬、临床经验不足导致病灶残留、引流不畅和乳突尖开放不够及某些特殊情况所致。术中彻底去除病灶，保证术后引流通畅及特殊情况的处理，是防止二次手术的关键。

The mundificant effect of the modified radical mastectomy is the same as the Halsted root governing skill , after enhances the patient technique the quality of life and the maintenance artistic body contour have the vital significance.

1%，Ⅱ期为52。 3%，Ⅲ期为32.2%。结论：乳腺癌改良根治术根治清扫效果与Halsted根治术一样具有彻底性，且提高患者术后生活质量及保持较美观的身体外形具有重要意义。

Objective On the basis of total mesorectal excision, from the point of oncological curative resection and preservation of sexual and voiding functions to analyze the anatomical characteristics in laparoscopic radical operation of rectal cancers.

目的 根据直肠癌根治术全直肠系膜切除（total mesorectal excision，TME）的要求，从肿瘤根治和膀胱性功能保护的角度探讨腹腔镜直肠癌根治术关键步骤的解剖学要点。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。