根据经验的

XEIKON7000-cards and membership cards to make part of the structure is simple, easy-to-maintain, and per-machine working time, taking into account the need to maintain it, can be divided into six-level maintenance, where normal operator only grasp between one and three-level maintenance method, based on practical experience, to clean the drum heads and maintenance requirements for higher because it is directly linked to the longevity of the disk head and the head drum as well as business card printing and membership card making, due to the quality of the manufacturer does not take into account the humid climate in mainland China, as well as workshop at room temperature, so take extra care equipment and supplies for bypothermia dampproof, included in the device is not working, we need to use the air conditioning plant damping, the device at room temperature observed to stop working.

XEIKON7000的制卡和会员卡制作部分结构简单、易于维护，按机器工作时间的长短，其需要维护的部分不同，可分为六级维护，其中普通操作员只要求掌握一至三级维护的方法，根据实际操作的经验，对磁头和磁鼓的清洁维护要求较高因为其直接关系到磁头和磁鼓的寿命以及制卡和会员卡制作品的质量，由于制造商没有考虑到中国大陆潮湿的气候以及车间的室温，所以要特别注意设备和耗材的降温防潮，包括在设备工作时，也需要使用空调对车间进行降温，设备在室温过高时会停止工作。

The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

The instructive conclusion was: 1 under the vertical loading, the shear-lag effect was produced badly, more severer under concentrated loading than under uniform loading .2 the longitudinal bending deformation of the beam flange was true of the imitating plane assumption of deformation . 3 the width length ratio was confirmed as the first factor working on the shear-lag effect among all the geometric parameters;4 the shear-lag coefficient of simple-supported box-girder was severer than the continuous box-girder, the shear-lag effect in the inner supported section of continuous beam was much more severer, we need paying more attention for it in designing. 5 the non-liner characteristics of material deformation have littlie influence on shear-lag effect in BGCW. 6 the experiential calculating formulation and calculating diagram for the effective flange width was raised with the only factor of the width-span ratio., but the primary location of axis of bending moments should not be changed while calculating the inertial moment .

研究认为：1室内模型试验和空间有限元分析结果均表明波形钢腹板组合箱梁在竖向荷载作用下，翼板出现了典型的纵向应力剪滞效应。2在竖向荷载作用下，截面高度上各点纵向正应变分布认为可符合"拟平截面假定"，以此作为波形钢腹板组合箱梁抗弯计算的基本假定。3箱梁宽跨比是影响波形钢腹板组合箱梁翼板剪滞效应的主要因素。4连续波形钢腹板组合箱梁的翼板剪滞系数大于简支梁，且连续箱梁内支点截面翼板剪滞效应相当严重，对此需十分重视。5当混凝土翼板受力由弹性阶段进入弹塑性阶段时，材料的非线性特性对翼板的剪滞效应影响甚微。6提出了根据组合箱梁的宽跨比参数来计算翼板有效宽度比的经验公式和计算图表，但箱梁截面抗弯惯性矩的计算不应改变原先的截面中和轴位置。

This paper will analyze the mechanical performance of the wheel and design a test-bed to test the performance of the lunar rover's wheel. Firstly, the mechanical characters of the soil are separated to press-sinkage character and shear character based on Bekker's theory, and common press-sinkage and shear models are introduced and the theory of Lankine passive earth pressure is also introduced. These basic theories are helpful to construct model.

根据Bekker半经验法的基本思想，将土壤的力学特性分解为水平方向的剪切特性和竖直方向的承压特性，阐述了地面力学中常见的土壤的承压、剪切等力学模型，并引入了朗肯被动土压力理论，为建立车轮在松软土壤中前进和转向的力学模型奠定了基础，同时进行了实验土壤的剪切实验，测量了土壤的内聚力和内摩擦角等参数。

Then further investigation into the reason behind Bosun\s product strategy and the current customized production is made with some comments from the author. At the end of this paper, the author summarizes some valuable points from Bosun\s development that may be useful to other middle/small-size private enterprises

报告首先介绍了博深公司的发展历程；随后描述了博深公司的产品策略，内容涉及博深公司的产品特点、国内外市场上的产品目标、产品创新和新产品开发，产品组合策略以及国际化营销中的产品定制化生产；然后针对博深选择这样的产品策略的原因及产品策略的利弊进行分析；最后根据博深的发展总结出一些可供我国民营中小企业借鉴的企业发展经验。

The selection of geological prospecting in different stages(initial-prospecting, detailed-prospecting)(2)the selection of geological prospecting in the deep-laid and shallow-laid of tunnel project (3)the selection of geological prospecting of tunnel projecting in different geological conditions Finally, the author summed up main problems needing to be solved in tunnel engineering geological prospecting as follow:(1)differentiate stratum and find out the depth and thickness of different stratums in the tunnel section (2)find out geological structure and existence situation of fault, broken zone and weak plane (3)find out weathering level of bed rock to classify surrounding rock combining speed materials (4)differentiate stratum structure of the entrance of tunnel to judge the stability of it (5)find out existence situation and performance of ground water (6)situations of other harmful geological phenomenon In view of above problems and classification of surrounding rock, the author showed principles of rational choosing of methods in geological prospecting and counted disperse range of physical character parameter value in different petrosal character, getting achievements as follow:(1)summarization of effect, merits and demerits of different geological prospecting methods in the tunnel geological investigation (2)method selection and arrangement principle of tunnel engineering geological prospecting in different geological conditions and prospecting stages (3)According to previous experience and cases, the author concluded the物性parameters most in use ,and showed the basis of selecting geological prospecting methods in different geological conditions.

论文中用几个应用实例来说明：(1)不同勘察阶段物探工作的选用；(2)深埋、浅埋隧道工程物探工作的选用；(3)不同地质条件隧道工程物探工作的选用。最后总结归纳出隧道工程物探所需要解决的问题主要有：(1)划分地层，查明隧道通过剖面的各地层深度与厚度。(2)查明地质构造，隧道轴线段有无断层、破碎带、软弱层面等。(3)查明基岩风化程度，从而结合速度资料进行围岩分级。(4)划分洞口地层结构，判断洞口稳定性。(5)查明地下水赋存情况及其活动动态。(6)其他不良地质现象存在情况。针对上述需要查明的地质问题与计算围岩分级情况，论文提出合理选用物探方法的原则，并统计了物性参数值在不同岩性中的分布范围。得出以下研究成果：(1)总结出各物探方法在隧道地质调查中的作用和优缺点。(2)得出不同地质条件下和不同勘察阶段，隧道工程物探方法选择和布置的原则。(3)根据以往工作经验和事例，对常用的物性参数进行了归纳总结，同时介绍了不同地质条件下物探方法选择的依据。

However, keywords can only represent the simple content, which easily dissever the relevancy of the content The deep-content representation and application are not developed, so semantic navigation is not satisfied at present. Time mechanism is a kind of navigation mechanisms that uses time for the signpost, and determines navigation route according to the time of occurrence.

时序机制指以时间为导航路标、根据事物发生的时间顺序确定访问路径的一种导航机制，主要应用于WWW信息空间中以时问顺序为线索组织信息的结构中；空间机制指依据对象间的空间关联，为用户指引路径，提供导航路标的机制，应用于具有空间特征的结构中；社会机制指利用先行者的经验、建议为后来者指引路径的行为，原来主要应用在推荐系统、协作系统中，目前已经在主流的信息检索系统中得到了应用，如在CNKl知识网络服务平台（CNS 5.0）中的应用。

First, in this essay, the author states the reasonableness and necessity of permitting transfer of mortgaged property, affirms that mortgager will not lose the right of dispose and is entitle to transfer the property freely when the property is under mortgage. And at the same time, the author agrees the theoretical basis of droit de suite and the mortgagee's interests can be protected through the enforcement of the recovery right. Second, the author introduces the legislation of droit de suite in several countries with typical civil law legal system and analyses the particular characteristics of these different registrations. Third, the author points out the defects and malpractice of the legislations in our country after analyzing the legislation which state ambiguously the recovery right of mortgage and restricts the transfer of mortgaged property based on the tracing the development of system in respect of transfer of mortgaged property in Chinese legislation on guarantee. Finally, according to the real situation of our country, the author presents some concrete proposals on perfecting the system of transfer of mortgaged property and droit de suite of mortgage to reach the balance between static safety of property rights and dynamical safety of transactions with the reference to successful expericnees of other countries.

本文首先从理论依据出发，论述允许抵押物转让的合理性与必要性，肯定抵押人在抵押期间不丧失对抵押物的处分权，可以自由转让抵押物，同时认为抵押权追及力的存在具有理论基础，通过赋予抵押权以追及效力即可保障抵押物转让关系中抵押权人的利益；其次，简要介绍几个具有典型意义的大陆法系国家关于抵押权追及力的立法状况，分析各国立法的侧重点；再次，结合我国担保立法关于抵押物转让制度的发展轨迹，对我国立法未明确承认抵押权所固有的追及效力，且限制抵押物转让的规定进行剖析，认为存在一定的疏漏和弊端，具有明显的不合理性；最后，根据我国国情，并借鉴国外立法的成功经验，提出完善我国抵押物转让及抵押权追及制度的具体立法建议，以寻求物权的静态安全与交易活动的动态安全的平衡。

Based on the floating causeway pier system mission requirements and theprinciple of working of the system, the general arrangement of system is studied, andthe pontoon-types and causeway section types constitutes of floating causeway piersystem are analyzed, be after, the primary assemble flow of system is explained in thearticle. For the environmental loading of the floating causeway system, we use theapproximately method of single-ship wind and wave and current static load, affordingnecessarily environmental information and data for the design of floating causewaypier anchor system. Also, based on Load Code for Harbour Engineering, diversified shiploading acting on seaward of the causeway pierhead is quantificational calculationed,preparing for the design of pierhead pontoons and ensuring security and adaptabilityand endure of the pier configuration.

本文根据浮式栈桥码头系统任务需求和工作原理，对整个系统的总体规划进行了研究，分析了构成码头系统所需浮箱的种类和浮箱单元的类型及系统的主要拼装流程；对于浮式栈桥码头系统的环境载荷，本文利用单一船舶风、浪、流静态作用力的经验公式进行估算，为浮式栈桥码头锚泊系统设计提供必要的环境资料及环境载荷数据；本文还按照港口工程载荷规范，对作用于浮式栈桥码头系统向海一端突码头的各种船舶载荷进行定量的计算，为突码头浮箱结构设计作准备，以确保码头结构的安全。

According to different properties of terylene net-thread and haidao thread to approach and develop new products,making water-spraying fabric more various and adding to the function for wearing.

根据涤纶网络丝和海岛丝原料的不同特性探讨开发出新的产品，使喷水织物增加了品种和服用性能，分析涤纶网络丝和海岛丝原料的设计依据，并介绍了涤纶网络丝和海岛丝的生产工艺，总结了在喷水织机上开发高档产品、提高综合效益的一些经验。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。