核菌

Using Pseudomonas syringae and Pantoea ananas , the dominant ice nucleation active bacteria strains from Yunnan province, as receptors of genetic engineering recombination, and Escherichia coli S17/pZJ25∶∶Tn5 as donator. By transposon Tn5 induced mutants method, the Tn5 was inserted and integrated into the genome of wild type INA + bacteria. INA + mutant as INA - when the linear continuous of INA + gene destroyed.

以云南省冰核细菌的优势种类丁香假单胞菌Pseudomonassyringae和菠萝泛菌Pantoeaananas为重组基因工程菌的受体菌，采用Tn5转座子诱变技术，以大肠杆菌EscherichiacoliS17/pZJ2 5∶∶Tn5作为转座子诱变的供体菌，使Tn5插入并整合到冰核细菌基因组中，使冰核基因的线性连续性被破坏，失去冰核活性。

Methods: 1 Ornidazole and Pefloxacin are divided to six levels, in order to measure the changes of antiblastic indexes of different proportions of Ornidazole and Pefloxacin against Pg, Fn, Pi, and Peptostreptococcus spp. Statistical test is used to seek the indistinctive ranges of antibacterial activities of Ornidazole and Pefloxacin against those four kinds of typical periodontal pathogens, and to find the suitable proportion.

1奥硝唑和培氟沙星各自分为6水平，测量两种药物不同比例水平混合后对牙龈卟啉单胞菌，具核梭杆菌，中间普氏菌，消化链球菌标准菌株的抑菌指标变化，通过统计检验找出奥硝唑和培氟沙星不同配伍抑菌指标的无差别比例范围，并找出合适比例。2检测两种药物以及其合适的比例对厌氧菌标准菌株和42株临床分离的非厌氧菌的MIC和MIC50。

Auricularia auricula is of the single-factor controlled mating system according to mating test among the F1 progenies and their parents, combining the method of dyeing the nuclei of the mycelia and observing the nuclear phase under the fluorescence microscope and the method of observing the clamp connection under the light microscope to determine whether the dikaryotic mycelia were formed.

摘 要：从黑木耳种内杂交子H2J3的子实体上单孢分离培养得到F1代52个单核体菌株，将F1子代及亲本(H2，J3)等所有供试单核体菌株的菌丝体两两配对培养，采用核荧光染色观察核相，和光学显微镜观察锁状联合，鉴别菌丝交配反应是否形成双核体菌丝，同时测定了亲本菌株所有F1子代的交配型。

Auricularia auricula is of the single-factor controlled mating system according to mating test among the F1 progenies and their parents, combining the method of dyeing the nuclei of the mycelia and observing the nuclear phase under the fluorescence microscope and the method of observing the clamp connection under the light microscope to determine whether the dikaryotic mycelia were formed.

从黑木耳种内杂交子H2J3的子实体上单孢分离培养得到F1代52个单核体菌株，将F1子代及亲本(H2，J3)等所有供试单核体菌株的菌丝体两两配对培养，采用核荧光染色观察核相，和光学显微镜观察锁状联合，鉴别菌丝交配反应是否形成双核体菌丝，同时测定了亲本菌株所有F1子代的交配型。

Results In the condition of obturation and humidity, Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the leucorrheas survived longer in middle quantity than in few and mass. The survival time of Neisseria gonorrhoeae was short in dryness. In a few quantity (10/ml), karyote could phagocytize Neisseria gonorrhoeae and shorten its survival time, but in the quantity above 300/ml, karyote could prolong its survival time.

结果 在密闭保湿状况下，白带标本中的淋球菌在中量时存活时间长，少量或大量时其存活力相对较低；在干燥状况下，淋球菌存活时间短；在菌量很少(10/ml)时，有核细胞可以吞噬淋球菌而导致淋球菌存活时间减少，但在菌量较多时（大于300/ml）时，有核细胞可以延长淋球菌存活时间。

Thirty Sclerotinia strains were collected and the biological characteristics as well as their pathogenicity were tested.

将供试的30个核盘菌菌株进行菌丝生长速度、菌核产量等生物学特性和致病力的测定，结果表明核盘菌S。

On the inhibition to mycelial growth, the 95% ethanol extract had significantly inhibition to P. ultimum, F. oxysporum f. sp cucumber, R. solani and B. cinerea, and at the top treatment concentration of 0.002 g/mL, the inhibition rate reached to 60.32% 58.50%, 55.89% and 55.17%, respectively; But the 95% ethanol extract almost had no inhibition to S. rolfsii, its rate was just 17.19% at 0.002 g/mL.③On the inhibition to sprouting, the 95% ethanol extract had significantly inhibition to B. cinerea, R. solani, F. oxysporum f. sp cucumber and P. ultimum, and at the top treatment concentration of 0.002 g/mL, the inhibition rate reached to 95.24%, 90.48%, 89.47% and 85.71%, respectively; and the rate would exceed 40% to four fungi mentioned above when their concentration was not lower to 0.005g/mL. The 95% ethanol extracthad infirm inhibition to S. rolfsii, its rate was just 43.48% at 0.002 g/mL.

在抑制菌丝生长方面，鱼腥草95%醇提物对豌豆根腐病菌、黄瓜枯萎病菌、马铃薯立枯丝核病菌和大白菜灰霉病菌均有良好的抑制作用，在最高处理浓度为0.002 g/mL时抑制率分别达到60.32%、58.50%、55.89%和55.17%；对辣椒白绢病菌几乎没有抑制作用，在最高处理浓度为0.002 g/mL时抑制率仅为17.19%；③在抑制孢子萌发方面，鱼腥草95%醇提物对大白菜灰霉病菌、马铃薯立枯丝核病菌、黄瓜枯萎病菌和豌豆根腐病菌抑制效果明显，在最高处理浓度为0.002 g/mL时的抑制率分别达到95.24%、90.48%、89.47%和85.71%，且在处理浓度不低于0.000 5 g/mL时对以上4种真菌孢子的抑制率超过40%；对辣椒白绢病菌抑制作用较弱，在最高处理浓度为0.002 g/mL时仅为43.48%。

Additionally, one SsDRV-free strain Ep-1PNA183av that showed hypovirulence was isolated from a mutant of healthy strain Ep-1PNA183, this strain also immunizes the infection of SsDRV, it would be a valuable material to study on the interaction between SsDRV and its host. Surprisingly, we discovered that SsDRV could be transmitted into S. nivalis (in the same genus to S. sclerotiorum) when cultured side by side on PDA plate, this discovery may supply new evidence for the exchange of genetical elements among different species in fungi; the transmission of mycovirus to other species showed that the limitation of vegetative imcompatiblity among different strains might not be key factor to determine the efficiency of biological control with hypovirulence associated mycovirus.

发现了1株不携带SsDRV的核盘菌弱毒力菌株，该菌株对SsDRV具有显著抗性，是研究SsDRV与寄主互作的宝贵材料；还发现SsDRV可以在核盘菌种间传递，深入研究将为生物在种间的遗传物质交换提供了新的证据，也将为广泛利用弱毒相关病毒控制植物病害提供理论依据。

In another way, the technology of FQ-PCR (real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR) was used to measure the ratio of white nucleus occupying the whole nucleus in 34 light-yellow strains. Among them, the ratio of yellow nucleus and white nucleus in 19 strains was access to 1:1, while the other strains showed that the copies of yellow nucleus exceeded white ones.

另一方面，本实验利用FQ-PCR(teal-time fluorescent quantitative PCR)技术测定了34个浅黄色菌株中白色核数目占总的核数目的比值，其中有19个菌株白色核的拷贝数与黄色核的拷贝数接近于1：1的关系，15个菌株中黄色核的拷贝数要大于白色核的拷贝数。

After overcoming the flux shift during the process, the production ability of strains could be the limiting factor for further increasing the production. To avoid the random modification on strains, the comprehensive enzymatic study of nucleoside producing-pathway was conducted on four strains with different producing ability. And the results could be used to direct further reconstruction of strains. It was also found that nucleotidase was of much importance to nucleoside production.

在成功克服了代谢流的迁移之后，菌株的代谢能力可能成为了进一步提高产率的限制因素，为了避免对生产菌的进一步改造中的盲目性，对四株不同菌株间嘌呤途径关键酶活力的系统测定，对肌苷、鸟苷生产菌种的酶学特征有了全面的了解；并发现了核苷降解酶对于核苷生产能力至关重要；酶学特性研究对肌苷、鸟苷生产菌的进一步改造提供了方向。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。