核粒

A micronuclear version of the GARP gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. The macronuclear DNA molecule carrying the GARP gene is 460 bp long and shows the characteristics of macronuclear chromosomes of hypotrichous ciliates.

大核中该基因的染色体全长460 bp，基因两端具有下毛类纤毛虫大核特有的端粒序列(C4A4C4A4C4A4C4)，开放读框内含有一个TGA(88-99)密码子，在游仆虫中编码为半胱氨酸。

The geometry of these particles was analyzed by both particle size analysis , TEM and FT-IR , and was found to be perfecty spherical , and sized about 50 nm that PS core was well covered by PPy shell . The core-shell latices become unstable when the amount of PPy increased .

就PS-PPy颗粒的结构形态而言，由微粒径分析及TEM分析得知其粒径约50nm左右，制备的核壳颗粒呈均匀的圆球状，并由FT-IR光谱分析证实了PPy壳将PS内核完全包覆，只是当PPy壳的相对量增加时会对核壳乳液的稳定性造成负面影响。

With the method of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and nest PCR, P80 gene of CSFV is cloned from the cells infected by the strain Shimen of csfv, and connected with eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-C1. Then recombined eukaryotic expression plasmid pEGFP-P80 of P80 gene is achieved successfully. It builds the basis for expressing and gaining protein p80 in mammiferous cells.

利用反转录PCR和套式PCR技术，从猪瘟病毒Shimen株细胞毒中克隆出P80 基因，并进一步把P80 基因连接在真核表达载体pEGFP-C1 上，成功地构建出P80 基因重组真核表达质粒(pEGFP-P80)，为在哺乳动物细胞中表达并纯化出p80 蛋白奠定了基础。

Karyotypic findings showed that all cultivars were mixoploid with chromosome number ranging from 49 to 57, and 54 was the most frequent number observed.

结果表明：（1）17个栽培小菊均为混倍体，染色体数在49～57之间变异，以54条为主；（2）染色体呈现多态性：多数品种由中部、近中部和近端部着丝粒染色体组成；最长与最短染色体的比值为1.62～2.39；臂比＞2的染色体所占的比率为11.11%～29.62%；核型不对称系数为59.74%～63.37%；3个地被菊品种和'奥运橙光'、'金陵白凤'（2n=53）核型类型为&2B&，其它品种为&2A&型。

At mononucleus microspore stage,cytoplasm were thick and organella,such as mitochondria,endoplasmic reticulum were abundant.At two\|nucleus and three\|nucleus stage,there were a lot of starch grains.

结果表明，85 EA、89 AR、TA 与恢复系杂交F1 代小孢子发育表现出明显的可育特征：在单核期，细胞质浓，细胞器丰富，线粒体、内质网等十分发达，二核及三核期淀粉粒数量多。

According to the results of the research,the karyotypes of three species of wingless crickets have common deriving,the variation is due to centric fusion and rission,and pericentric inversion.

的染色体作了比较研究，结果显示，3种无翅类蟋蟀的核型具有一定相似性，核型的差异可能是由于臂间倒位和着丝粒的融合和裂解。

The situation of abnormal development of male cells is as follows:microspore mother cell can't enter into meiosis because of intense vacuolation,shrink and disintegration of its cytoplasm;although vacuolated microspore mother cell can enter into meiosis,it can't form normal dyad and degenerate in the middle process;dyad and tetrad become vacuolated and can't develop normally;cytoplasm of microspore shrinks around the nucleus at the stage of central nucleus microspore,the shape of microspore is twisted into crescent or irregular shape,at last its cytoplasm and nucleus are disintegrated and crescent vacant microspore presents;nutritive substances can't be accumulated at the stage of vacuolated microspore,cytoplasm is disintegrated,and microspore turns into a big vacant pollen.

雄性细胞异常发育有几种情况：小孢子母细胞强烈液泡化，细胞质收缩解体，不能进入减数分裂；小孢子母细胞液泡化，虽能进入减数分裂，但不能形成正常二分体而中途退化；二分体、四分体细胞液泡化，不能进行正常发育；单核小孢子中央期，细胞质收缩包围核，小孢子形状扭曲呈月牙形或不规则形，最终细胞质和核解体而呈月牙形的空壳小孢子；单核液泡期的小孢子不能积聚营养物质，细胞质解体而成为大的空壳花粉粒。

The relationship of the amounts of emulsifier, organosilicon monomer (D4) and initiator with the ratio of fluorescence intensity between first vibronic peak of pyrene (λ= 373 nm) and third vibronic peak of pyrene (λ=384nm)Ⅰ1/Ⅰ3 were discussed during the emulsion polymerization process, in which pyrene was used as fluorescence probe. The polymerization behavior of the organosilicon-acrylate latex with core-shell structure was investigated in line with the relationship of monomer conversion and development of morphology in latex particles with the value of Ⅰ1/Ⅰ3 for probe pyrene during the polymerization process.

以芘为荧光探针，探讨了有机硅-丙烯酸酯核壳乳液聚合过程中，芘的第一振动峰(373nm处)与第三振动峰(384nm处)荧光强度的比值Ⅰ1/Ⅰ3与乳化剂、有机硅单体（D4）和引发剂用量之间的关系，并结合聚合过程中探针芘的Ⅰ1/Ⅰ3 峰值与单体转化率及乳胶粒形态演变之间的关系，研究了核壳结构有机硅-丙烯酸酯乳液的聚合行为。

Objective: To construct eukaryotic expression vector of adenovirus type 5 fiber gene and investigate its expression in eukaryotic cell .

目的 ：构建腺病毒纤维蛋白基因的真核表达质粒，并检测其在真核细胞中的表达，为腺病毒靶向性载体构建创造条件。

Objective:To design the antisense RNA gene and hammerhead ribozyme gene according to the hTR sequence in the intrahepatic bile duct cancer cell,and insert them into the eukaryon expression vector pTriEx-4 separately.

目的：用反转录PCR法，调取肝内胆管癌细胞内的端粒酶RNA基因，并针对其序列设计反义RNA封闭基因及锤头状核酶切割基因序列，并将其构建入真核表达载体pTriEx-4内。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。