核粒

However, the protein factors mediating meiotic telomeres attachment to the nuclear envelope and the requirement of this attachment for homologues pairing and synapsis have not been determined in animals.

然而，在动物中至今未能找到介导端粒和核膜附着的蛋白因子，端粒的核膜附着对于动物同源染色体的配对和联会的重要性亦未得到证实。

Ultrastructurally, the chalazal border of the mature egg cell demonstrates regularly discontinuous regions in which exist a great number of single or double-membrane vesicles.

卵细胞中的质体多含淀粉粒，精细胞中的质体均不含淀粉粒。DNA荧光显示，卵细胞质中具丰富的类核并可以断定环状类核为线粒体DNA。

The results showed that MGM had good spherical shape and narrow size distribution,and the particles with diameters ranging from 0.13 mm to 0.28 mm were about 91 wt%.The surface hydrophilicity of Fe3O4 microcrystal was improved by formamide dispersing treatment.The gel particles made by the copolymerization of glycidyl methacrylate and N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide could encapsule Fe3O4 microcrystal to produce colloid cores,and uniform and stable MGM microspheres were formed by the conglomeration of the colloid cores.

结果表明，合成的MGM呈球形，且粒度分布较窄，粒径为0.13～0.28 mm的粒子占91%；甲酰胺分散Fe3O4，微晶表面的亲水性进一步增强，单体甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯和 N，N′亚甲基双丙烯酰胺交联共聚生成的胶粒能够包埋Fe3O4微晶形成胶核，胶核聚集形成均匀、稳定的MGM微球。

Result 1 Magnetic nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles modified with antisense oligodeoxynucleotide of human telomerase reverse transcriptase induced HL-60 tumor cells to apoptosis, we could see typical morphologic change of apoptosis cells: karyopyknosis, chromation"s condensing and aggregation in nuclear, forming crescent-shaped or annulus structures to lean on edge of cell nucleus"s membrane and posing apoptosis body by Atomic Force Microscope, Fluorescence microscope, transmission electron Microscope 2 There was a significant difference compared with control group(p.01), inhibition ratio had significant positive correlation with medication dosage and time ;during 0.8-8μM dosage amplitude, inhibition ratio accrescenced by dosages increasing. However, the inhibition ratio would decrease when dosage over 8-80μM.

结果 1 磁性纳米粒子、修饰有端粒酶反义寡核苷酸的磁性纳米粒子诱导HL-60细胞发生凋亡，原子力显微镜、光学显微镜、荧光显微镜和透射电镜下均观察到HL-60细胞呈现典型的凋亡细胞的形态变化：细胞核固缩，核内染色质浓缩、凝聚、形成新月形或环状结构紧靠在细胞核膜边缘，并形成凋亡小体。2 磁性纳米粒子、修饰有端粒酶反义寡聚脱氧核苷酸的磁性纳米粒子对HL-60肿瘤细胞的生长和增殖有明显的抑制作用，与对照组相比有显著性差异(p＜0.01)，在剂量为0.8-8μmol／L范围内，抑制率随剂量的增加而增加，当剂量超过8μmol／L时，抑制率反而下降；3 磁性纳米粒子、修饰有端粒酶反义寡聚脱氧核苷酸的磁性纳米粒子可增强p53基因的表达活性，引起DNA降解损伤，反向调节细胞周期活动，促使细胞从G0期进入G1期，抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。4 修饰有端粒酶反义寡聚脱氧核苷酸的量子点能通过内吞作用进入HL-60肿瘤细胞的细胞核，可以在细胞内进行定位和促进HL-60肿瘤细胞的凋亡。

Then pMD-P80 is digested by the enzymes Xho I and Apa I, separated and linked to the linear plasmid pEGPF-C1 after digested by Xho I and Apa I. So the recombined expression plasmid pGFP-P80 is achieved. Then it is sequenced, PCR and digested by the restriction enzymes Xho I and Apa I. The results give that pGFP-P80 is achieved successfully and the insert sites, direction and reading frame are all right. It builds the basis for expressing, purifying, gaining p80 protein from mammiferous cells.

将pMD-P80 分别经Xho I 和Apa I 双酶切和回收，然后与经过Xho I 和Apa I 酶解的真核表达载体pEGPF-C1 连接、转化，获得重组质粒，经PCR，Xho I 和Apa I 限制性酶切和序列测定，鉴定为真核表达质粒pEGFP-P80，并且目的基因的插入位置、方向和读码框完全正确，为在哺乳动物细胞中表达并分离纯化p80 蛋白奠定了基础。

The chromosome number is 2n=96, belonging to hexaploid species (2n=6x=96), and the morphological difference is not obvious among the 96 chromosomes. All the chromosomes are metacentric and submetacentric. Relative length ratio of the longest to the shortest chromosomes is 2.10. There is no satellite chromosome in all the 96 chromosomes. The karyotype formula is 2n=96=60m+36sm, the karyotype type is 2B, a higher karyotype evolution.

结果表明，该入侵种的染色体数为2 n=96，属六倍体物种，各染色体间形态差异不明显，均为中着丝粒或近中着丝粒染色体，最长与最短染色体相对长度比为2.10，全套染色体未见随体，核型公式为2 n=96=60 m+36 sm，核型类型为进化程度较高的2B型。

Methods The total RNA was acquired from young rabbit particular cartilage, the BMP7 gene was inserted into pcDNA-3.1 to construct eukaryotic expression vector plasmid of pcDNA3.1-BMP7; the target gene-BMP7 was identified respectively by PCR analysis, restriction enounces analysis and nucleotide sequencing; the plasmid was transfected into adult rabbit knee articular chondrocytes, then the expression of BMP7 was detected by in situ hybridization, PCR and Western blotting.

从体外培养的幼兔膝关节软骨细胞中提取总RNA；按GenBank BMP7基因序列化学合成2条引物，采用RT-PCR方法得到BMP7基因；将BMP7基因片段插入到真核表达载体pcDNA 3.1中，构建pcDNA3.1-BMP7真核表达载体质粒；利用双酶切、PCR及核苷酸序列分析鉴定BMP7目的基因；将重组pcDNA3.1-BMP7真核表达载体质粒转染家兔关节软骨细胞，分别采用原位杂交、PCR、Western blotting法测定BMP-7表达。

The thymidine kinas gene was cloned from human herpes simplex virus Ⅱ by PCR techniques; eukaryon expressing vector pcDNA3/tk and pcDNA3/angio/tk fusion gene was constructed by DNA recombination; The treating effects of human primary liver cancer strain SMMC-7721 in vitro and nude mouse model transplanted with human liver cancer in vivo are studied.

通过PCR技术，由人单纯疱疹病毒DNA克隆获得单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型胸苷激酶基因；通过基因工程技术，构建真核表达质粒pcDNA3/tk及融合基因真核表达质粒pcDNA3/angio/tk；研究其对人原发性肝癌SMMC-7721细胞株的体外杀伤作用及对人原发性肝癌裸小鼠移植瘤模型的治疗作用。

Chromosome number in all counted complete metaphases of Carassius auratus var. Dongtingking is 48. Analysis of chromosome can be divided into four sections according to the position of the centromere.

核型分析结果表明，翘嘴鲌的肾细胞染色体组是由48条染色体组成，染色体组型按着丝粒位置可分为四组，分别是中部着丝粒染色体、亚中部着丝粒染色体、端部着丝粒染色体。

A process for preparing the recombinant chicken gamma-interferon (rCHIFN-gamma) with high activirus activity includes such steps as cloning ChIFN-gamma gene from eukaryotic plasmid to transfer carrier by dual enzyme servenings to obtain recombinant transfer plasmid pFASTBACI-ChIFN-gamma, taking DH10Bac competent cell, adding IngpFASTBAC1-ChIFN-gamma, transposition, diluting to culture object by SOD culture medium, coating on Luria plate, culturing, choosing white clony, purifying, naming positive plasmid as Bacmid-ChIFN-gamma, extracting its DNA, and transfecting Sf9 cells.

高抗病毒活性重组鸡γ-干扰素的制取方法及用途，涉及一种广谱高效抗病毒基因工程产品的制取方法。将ChIFN-γ基因从真核质粒中经双酶切后克隆到转移载体中，获得重组转移质粒pFASTBAC1-ChIFN-γ；取DH10Bac感受态细胞，加入1ng pFASTBAC1-ChIFN-γ，转座后，用SOC培养基稀释培养物，涂布Luria平板，培养后，挑取白色菌落，Luria平板进行纯化，阳性质粒命名为Bacmid-ChIFN-γ，提取阳性质粒DNA；取上述重组DNA质粒转染Sf9细胞，制得高抗病毒活性重组鸡γ-干扰素。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。