核仁

The new GV preparation method we developed allowed the best visualization of chromatin distribution after Hoechst or CMA3 staining. Our results showed that GV chromatin configurations are different among different species, and thus, while chromatin condensed into a ring around the nucleolus in porcine and bovine oocytes, no such a ring was observed in caprine oocytes; Porcine oocytes were synchronized at GV1, goat oocytes at GV3n and bovine oocytes at GVf configurations before GVBD occurred, indicating that these configurations are progressive towards final maturation rather than atresia; Changes of chromatin configurations were associated with gene activity of transcription; GV chromatin configurations were affected by the environmental changes such as serum starvation and elevated temperature.

应用该技术对猪、山羊和牛不同大小、不同健康程度卵泡及体内和体外成熟过程中卵母细胞染色质构型的变化发现：1）不同动物卵母细胞染色质构型不同；猪和牛卵母细胞染色质围绕核仁凝集形成环，但山羊卵则没有此环。2）卵母细胞在GVBD之前都同步在某一染色质构型；猪同步在GV1，山羊GV3n，牛GVf，说明这些染色质构型代表着进行性变化。3）染色质构型的变化反映基因转录活动的变化。4）染色质构型受环境变化的影响。

Objective: To study the relation between nucleolar oryanizer regions and the trend of carcinomatous changes during oral carcinogenesis.

目的：比较口腔粘膜癌变过程中核仁组织区的变化及与癌变趋势的关系。

The most common architectural pattern was cribriform (73%), followed by fused/poorly defined glands (55%), cords/single cells (11%), and solid sheets (5%). Nuclear enlargement was observed in 45 of the 55 studied cases (82%). Prominent nucleoli were either absent or infrequent in 38 cases (69%).

癌细胞最常见的组织结构是筛状（73%），接下来是融合的/不成形的腺管（55%）、条索状/单个细胞状（11%）、实性巢团状（5%）。55例中有45例（82%）可见细胞核增大。38例（69%）见不到或罕见显著的核仁。

The neoplastic epithelia are low cuboidal and not columnar in shape, with very large and atypical oval nuclei with vesicular chromatin and prominent nucleoli.

肿瘤性上皮呈低立方状而不是柱状，有很大的卵圆形核和显著核异型性，空泡状染色质和显著核仁。

Figure5 HE 10×10 The tumor cells are large and have rich cytolymph, red coloration. The nucleolus is round or elliptical shape.

图5 HE10×10 肿瘤细胞较大，胞浆丰富，红染，核圆或椭圆形，染色质细，核仁及核膜清楚，背景可见较多成熟淋巴细胞、嗜酸粒细胞，散在巨噬细胞。

PinX1 is an evolutionally conserved nucleolar protein that has been recently demonstrated as a telomerase/ telomere interacting factor in both the humans and the yeasts.

PinX1是近年在人和酵母细胞中发现的一个能与端粒/端粒酶相互作用的保守核仁蛋白。

The nucleolus has three basic ultrastructural subcompartments: fibrillar centers, dense fibrillar components, and granular components.

核仁的超微结构主要有三种基本结构组分：FC、DFC和GC。

In this paper,we used hexamethylene bisacetamide as a inducer to induce human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell line MEC-1 cells to differentiate in vitro and vivo.The nucleolus organizer regions was investigated by means of the argyrophil technique.

本实验以六亚甲基二乙酰胺作为分化诱导剂，对涎腺粘液表皮样癌MEC-1细胞进行了体内外诱导，并通过银染技术对对照组和HMBA诱导组癌细胞核内核仁组成区的数目、大小及分布特征进行了观察。

Results Microscopically, AM was characterized by hypercellularity, high karyoplasma ratio, prominent macronucleoli, strange heterokaryocyte and tiny focal necrosis. Of 11 cases, recurrence was noted in three, and one transformed into anaplastic meningioma and died 1 year after reoperation.

结果 AM光镜下瘤细胞密度增大，核浆比例增高，核仁明显，多伴有奇异核细胞出现和微小坏死灶。11例AM病人中，3例复发，1例复发后转变为间变性脑膜瘤，再次手术后1年死亡。

A strain of breast tumor cell line ZHL2006 was established and biologically identified. The ZHL2006 cells grew fast in vitro and the population doubling time was 43.6h. Electronmicroscopical observation showed that there were microvilli on the surface of the cells, nucleus irregularity, karyoplasmic ratio increased, nucleolus distinctness, et al.. Chromosome number and structure were abnormal. Immunohistochemistry showed that PCK were expressed. The ZHL2006 cell line could form onto clone in soft agar and had oncogenicity in athymic mice.

ZHL2006细胞在体外生长迅速，群体倍增时间为43.6h；倒置相差显微镜及Giemsa染色镜下观察细胞为多边形及梭形；透射电镜观察可见细胞表面有微绒毛，核高度不规则，核浆比例增大，核仁明显等；染色体数目和结构异常；广谱细胞角蛋白染色阳性，说明其自上皮而非来自基质；同时ZHL2006细胞系在软琼脂中可形成克隆，具裸鼠致瘤性。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。