样本容量

Results The lot tolerance percent defective, retest possibility, average sample number and disputable zone in ChP, ICH method and the advanced ICH method are 9.4%, 27.4%, 15.5 and 15.0%;5.5%, 69.6%, 23.9 and 11.0%;5.5%, 40.5%, 18.1 and 11.0%, respectively.

结果 《中华人民共和国药典》含量均匀度检查方法、ICH方法及ICH改进方法的批允许废品率、复试率、平均样本容量和争议区分别为9.4%、27.4%、15.5和15.0%；5.5%、69.6%、23.9和11.0%；5.5%、40.5%、18.1和11.0%。

Central Limit Theorem -- States that distribution of sample means tends towards an approximate normal distribution.

中心极限定理--样本的均值近似服从正态分布。如果样本容量较大，那么其均值的分布越近似于正态分布。

The the probabilistic forecasting method of the error between the sample mean and expectation value of the random variable utilizing the central limit theory was researched, then the mathematical formula for the relation between sampling size and variance coefficient of loss of load probability was analyzed. Furthermore, the formulas for the relation between confidence intervals of variance coefficient and sampling size are deduced.

基于中心极限定理深入研究随机变量的样本均值与期望值之间误差的概率预测方法，在此基础上分析失负荷概率(loss of load probability，LOLP)指标的方差系数和样本容量之间的关系表达式，导出方差系数给定时的样本容量置信区间公式及样本容量给定时的方差系数置信区间公式。

After statistic analyses,one slice texture analysis method was regarded better with 15 sample content per method due to data analyses of hardness(Std Dev,372.2765;C.V,17.8283 ),cohesiveness(Std Dev,0.0114;C.V,1.6505),springiness(Std Dev,0.2190;C.V,11.2598 ),gumminess(Std Dev,250.2788;C.V,17.3929 ) and chewines...

样本容量为15时，单片TPA测试的几种指标分别是硬度(Std Dev，372.2765；C.V，17.8283)、凝聚性(Std Dev，0.0114；C.V，1.6505)、弹性(Std Dev，0.2190；C.V，11.2598)、胶粘性(Std Dev，250.2788；C.V，17.3929)、咀嚼性(Std Dev，477.4376；C.V，17.1620)。这种方法可以应用到其它类似质构的食品质构分析，并结合样品特点和测试结果决定合适的样本容量。

The Mann-Whitney test is the nonparametric equivalent to the two-sample t-test and has little power with small sample sizes.

Mann-Whitney检验等同于参数检验中的两样本的t-检验，但对于同样的样本容量，检出力较小。

An detecting system for feeding device for drills accuracy was established according the northern production condition in our country, wheat、 soybean and corn were collected as the trial samples, experiment project was established according to combination and put into practice, each combination experiment was repeated three times, the detecting accuracy was increased effectively.

按照因子试验设计制定试验方案并组织实施，采集了小麦、玉米、大豆条播试验的视觉检测样本，每个试验选择三个重复，样本容量满足排种器30转的要求。

The measurement system error model analysis is introduced into power system real time network state analysis as an important part for the first time, which can improve on the state estimation quality and provide the capability to monitor the operation of the measurement system; 2. The theory and algorithm of the on-line estimation and update of measurement noise variance based on the relation between the residual variance and noise variance. The statistic properties of the sample variance are discussed and the relation between the estimation precision and sample size under given confidence level is derived; 3. The theory and algorithm of detection and identification of measurement bias are presented, which is based on the relation between residual mean and noise mean. The statistic properties of sample mean are discussed and the relation between estimation precision and sample size is derived; 4. The Givens orthogonal transformation algorithm is selected to be the essential algorithm of state estimation, the fast orthogonal transformation algorithm with damp factor and the algorithm which can handle the zero injection measurements efficiently are presented; 5. The quantity analysis theory of bad data detectivity and identifibility are presented, which describes the relation between the elements in matrix W〓 and bad data amplitude and can provide the theory base for measurement system design and valuation.

一、首次将量测系统误差模型分析做为一个环节引入电力系统实时网络状态分析中，为EMS系统增加了实时监视系统运行、修正量测系统误差模型的新功能，进一步发挥了实时网络状态分析应用软件的潜力；二、首次提出了应用样本方差在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的基本理论，讨论了样本方差的统计性质和概率分布，推导出了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的关系，给出了在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的算法；三、首次提出了应用样本均值在线检测与辨识量测偏差的基本理论，讨论了样本均值的统计性质，推导了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的基本关系，给出了在线检测与辨识量测偏差的算法；四、在状态估计算法设计中，以Givens变换算法做为基本算法，提出了快速正交变换阻尼因子法和可以有效地处理零注入量测的混合法，并对实时应用中的一些问题进行了讨论；五、提出了不良数据可检测性与可辨识性的定量分析理论，揭示了描述量测系统配置、网络结构与参数的残差灵敏度矩阵中的元素与不良数据的幅值在可检测、可辨识能力上的定量关系，为量测系统配置设计与评价提供了理论基础；六、综合国内外最新研究成果，采用自适应自回归预测技术和稀疏矢量技术，构造了较完善的不良数据检测与辨识算法。

One way to gain more sample variation is to increase the sample size.

增加样本方差的一种方法是增加样本容量。

Unlike unbiasedness―which is a feature of an estimator for a given sample size―consistency involves the behavior of the sampling distribution of the estimator as the sample size n gets large.

无偏性是，给定样本容量n下，估计量的性质；一致性则是，当样本容量n变大时，估计量的样本分布的变化特征。

By means of this transform, such rough GMDH (Rought Group Method of Data Handling) is proposed that to increase the analyzing ability of modeling and mid-term or long-run prediction ability.

借助于决策者的主观经验对信息的补充、完善及整合，甚而对样本容量的要求可降低到仅为1的水平，拓宽了不定性复杂系统的小样本建模能力。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。