样本

Blood lead concentrations were analyzed by seven participating laboratories, each used flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry and followed the same protocols for BLL measurements.

每个受测实验室参考标准的样本处理分析程序，以石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪来测试血液样本中的铅含量，并需於收到测试样本两个星期内完成测试工作。

Firstly, the paper, combining the characteristic of synchronous pulse bursts and inhibition with the modified PCNN model, presents a way of finding the foveation points in the images adaptively and effectively, and simulates the human vision system. Secondly, PCNN is extended to PCNNs, based on the properties of information couple and transmission, an algorithm that is used to fuse images of the same target got by several sensors to an image is presented to simulate the human vision system. Thirdly, combining the properties of synchronous pulse bursts, capture, and transmission and competition of waves, the paper presents two ways of classification, one is an algorithm based on the properties of neuron to capture and inhibit to classify the data taking on any complex unlinear distribution robustly, the other is based on the restricted distance and modified of the former to remove the influence of inferior samples in classification; Finally, based on the accumulative difference pictures, and the forming and transmission of PCNN wave, selecting and controlling the direction of autowave by connecting the neighbouring neurons selectively, the paper presents a way to simulate the tracks of moving object and detect the moving direction.

首先结合PCNN的同步脉冲发放和侧抑制特性，提出了基于改进型PCNN的图像凹点检测算法，该算法是一种自适应而有效的图像凹点检测方法，并且较好地仿真了人类视觉系统；然后，结合信息传递和信息耦合特性，将PCNN扩展成PCNNs，提出了一种基于PCNNs的图像融合算法，能够将多个传感器获取的同一目标的图像信息融合到一幅图像中，有效模拟了人类视觉系统；另外，结合PCNN的同步脉冲发放特性、捕获特性和波的传播竞争特性，开拓地将PCNN用于模式分类中，提出了基于耦合神经元点火捕获／抑制特性的分类方法和改进的约束距离下的PCNN分类方法，前者可实现对样本空间中任意复杂分布训练样本的稳健非线性分类，而后者能够消除训练样本中刺点对分类的影响；最后，结合累积差分图像思想、PCNN波的形成与传播特性，通过各神经元之间连接取向来选择与控制自动波的流向，将PCNN用于运动视觉分析中的运动轨迹模拟及运动方向检测。

Then the fiber was transferred to a 4 mL vial which was filled with 100 μL of trifluoroacetic anhydride and stood 30 sec for headspace extraction. Afterward the fiber was transferred again to another blank 4 mL vial and stood 10 min for on-fiber derivatization before the analysis with GC/MS. The absorption-time profiles for both furoic acid and creatinine were examined.

有关尿中肌酸酐的量测，首先亦使用65μm PDMS/DVB纤维，在电磁搅拌转速1200rpm下以直接样本接触方式吸附60秒后，将已吸附肌酸酐的纤维挪至装有100μL无水三氟醋酸的4mL样本瓶中顶空吸附30 sec，再将纤维挪至另一个空白的样本瓶并静置10min（以利衍生物trifluoroacetamide的生成），最后再以气相层析质谱仪进行分析。

On the base of the analysis about the cause why this type of systems is hard to be controlled a new FNN, the FNN based on hyper-cylinder clustering, is presented. By comparison with the FNN based on hyper-sphere clustering, for any sample to be clustered, the FNN based on hypercylinder takes not only its input sample but also its output value into consideration. And so it is impossible for any two samples with'close'input samples and'estranged'output values to be clustered in the same cluster.

借助于对非线性系统模型Ⅱ不可逆情形下难以控制原因的分析，提出了基于超柱体聚类的模糊神经网络，与基于超球聚类的模糊神经网络相比，这种模糊神经网络在聚类时不仅考虑样本中的输入向量，也考虑样本的输出值，因此不会将输入向量较接近而输出值差异较大的两个样本聚为一类。

We identified the geminivirus in Malvastrum coromandelianum from the molecular level by designing the primers, PCR, cloning and sequencing.

从杂草赛葵上采集了2组病毒样本Fz1和Fs1，用双生病毒通用引物PA、PB对杂草样本进行特异性的PCR检测，结果发现：赛葵样本Fz1和Fs1都出现约500bp的条带，说明这些杂草赛葵上存在双生病毒。

Detection results showed samples VA2, VA7 and VA8 from Malvastrum coromandelianum had weak reaction with MAb SCR18, and samples X2 from Siegesbeckia orientalis had weak reaction with MAb SCR18 and SCR106, while other samples had no reaction with MAbs.

用双生病毒兼并引物PA、PB对杂草样本进行特异性的PCR检测，结果发现仅有赛葵样本VA2、VA7、VA8和稀硷样本X2出现约500bp条带，说明这些杂草上存在双生病毒。

Twenty-three virus samples were collected from Siegesbeckia orientalis, Malvastrum coromandelianum, Ageratum conyzoides, Amaranthus spp, Parthenium spp and Artemisia spp, and these samples were tested by TAS-ELISA with monoclonal antibodies against begomoviruses.

从云南赛葵、稀硷、胜红蓟及苋属、银胶菊属和蒿属杂草上采集了23个病毒样本，用双生病毒单克隆抗体进行TAS-ELISA检测发现，赛葵样本VA2、VA7、VA8对SCR18单抗有弱阳性反应；稀硷样本X2对SCR18、106号单抗呈弱阳性反应；其他杂草材料均无明显阳性反应。

In order to enhance the classification information of the single training sample, each training sample is combined with its reconstructed image gotten by perturbing the image's singular values into a new training sample.

为了加强单训练样本的分类信息，训练样本与其基于受扰动的奇异值的重构图组合成新样本，Fourier频谱作为人脸识别特征，在ORL人脸库上的实验结果表明了该方法的有效性。

Results (1) From more than 100 primers, 11 primers producing polymorphism and reproduceable bands were selected, 129 bands were amplified.(2) The percentage of polymorphic bands within different populations were 20.9%-55.0%.(3) The cluster map including all samples were obtained by UPGMA. In the map, there were six cluster groups and three individuals outside the groups. The branch with five samples of Zhongjiang Sichuan population were far from other samples in genetic distance.(4) According to the distribution provinces five groups were divided in genetic variance analysis. Genetic variance 80.44% existing within population, 8.29% among populations and 11.27% among groups.

结果 （1）从100多个引物中选择出11个多态性强和重复性好的引物，扩增得到129条带；（2）不同居群内多态位点比率为20.9%－55.0%；（3）用UPGMA法得到所有样本的聚类图，可分为6个主要分支组和3个组外个体，其中四川中江居群的5个样本聚为一组，并与其他样本遗传距离较大；（4）按产地分组，遗传差异的80.44%存在于居群内，8.29%来自于组内居群间，11.27%的遗传差异来自于组间。

This study was part of a randomised, double blind single centre study, and a total of 248 sputum samples from 104 COPD patients were included. In total, 122 stable state sputa and 126 exacerbation sputa were tested.

此项研究属一项随机，双盲单中心研究的一部分，总计包含104例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的248份痰液样本，其中，122份为稳定患者的痰液样本，126份为急性加剧患者的痰液样本。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。