样本

Maximum likelihood, unbiased estimation, Rao-Blackwell and Lehmann-Scheffe theorems, information inequality, asymptotic relative efficiency of estimators.

点估计和区间估计的一般方法，估计量的小样本和大样本性质：矩法，极大似然估计，无偏估计，Rao-Blackwell 和Lehmann-Scheffe 理论，信息不等式，渐进相对有效估计量。

This paper use five up and out warrants that have been issued in Taiwan, assuming the returns of their underlying assets follow the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic process. We can estimate their parameters by in-sample data, and simulate the price of underlying assets and also the theoretical price of the up and out warrants.

本文选取在台湾发行之五档上限型的认购权证假设其标的资产报酬率服从GARCH(1，1)模型，利用样本内的资料模拟GARCH(1，1)模型的参数，并利用估计出来的参数模拟标的资产样本外的价格以及上限型认购权证的理论价格。

The balanced sample is most comparable to the industry sample, since by definition both exclude trade with new partners.

均衡样本可以与行业样本进行最好的比较，因为根据定义，二者都不包括与新伙伴的贸易量。

The coefficient from the balanced sample is somewhat higher than from the others but all are very similar, indicating that the increase in the importance of distance is widespread and not just a function of excluding new partners.

从均衡样本得到的系数多少高于从其他样本得到的系数，但是也都非常类似，表明距离重要性的提高是广泛的，而且不仅仅是一个不包括新伙伴的函数。

We show the results for three samples: all available data, full reporters, which includes only countries that report trade in all periods, but allows for new partners over time, and a balanced sample.

我们给三种样本展示了这些结果：（1）所有可以得到的数据，（2）全部的报告人，它们只包括报告所有时期贸易量的国家，不过也考虑这段时间内的新伙伴，和（3）一个均衡的样本。

The first half of the data is used for aerodynamic coefficients modeling, and the second half is used for verification of the resulting model based on pre-estimation of ballistic curve, the results indicate the wavelet network model of aerodynamic coefficients has generalization ability and applicability.

最后，通过建立某导弹飞行器六自由度动力学模型并进行仿真，得到样本数据，将其中一半数据用于小波网络气动力系数建模，模型参数辨识完成后，基于弹道重构原理将模型代入动力学系统进行弹道预测，将预测结果与另一部分样本数据进行比较以检验模型的推广能力，结果表明所建模型具有很好的推广能力和适用性。

Support vector machines can achieve good performance when applied to small samples pattern recognition problems. The basis support vector machine is designed for two-class problem.

支持向量机方法是专门针对小样本情况的，其目标是得到现有信息下的最优解而不仅仅是样本数趋于无穷大时的最优值。

The application of total probability formula and Bayes formula for sample space on which two disservements and these formulas of the sample space have proved.

讨论了样本空间有不同划分时全概公式和贝叶斯公式的应用方法，给出了样本空间有两种划分时全概公式和贝叶斯公式的证明。

Finishing calculation of mean value, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis of Beta distribution.(2) Fitting parameters of many kinds of typical distribution and using residual deviation to evaluate fitting precision.(3) Using Beta distribution as an agreed indication distribution applied to many kinds of practical photoelectric measurement distributions.(4) Deriving theory formula of Bayes point estimation about Beta distribution parameters and mean value and standard deviation on the condition of mean square error loss function and supposed the prior distribution is uniform distribution.(5) Generating MCMC sample from post distribution by the method of Gibbs sample algorithm. Calculating bayes point estimation from sample on the condition of mean square error loss function. Calculating confidence interval by an approximate method to complete interval estimation.

本文的主要工作有：(1)解决了Beta分布参数a和b的精确计算以及均值、标准差、偏度、峰度的计算问题；(2)拟合出10余种典型分布的Beta分布的两个参数，并且采用剩余标准差评价该Beta分布的拟合精度；(3)对多种典型的光学与光电测量系统的测量分布进行了Beta分布统示表示；(4)在假设先验分布为均匀分布前提下，得到参数a和b以及均值μ和标准差σ在均方误差损失函数下的贝叶斯点估计理论计算公式；(5)利用直接抽样的Gibbs抽样算法，从后验分布中产生MCMC样本，从样本直接计算均方误差损失函数下的贝叶斯点估计，并使用一种近似方法计算其置信区间，完成区间估计。

The VMI development of Chinese children is faster than Beery's sample,ourchildren have arrived at the 5-year-old level when just 4year and 6 month old.

我国儿童的视觉-运动整合能力比国外的研究样本发展快，在4岁6个月时已具有国外研究样本5岁左右的水平。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。