株

As pairs of connected ramets were subjected to reciprocal patchiness of light and nutrients, stolon connection between the two ramets significantly enhanced biomass of both ramet growing in low light intensity but high soil nutrient condition and ramet growing in high light intensity but low soil nutrient condition as well as whole ramet pairs (consisting of LH ramets and HL ramets).

当生长于高光照低养分条件下分株与生长于低光照高养分条件下分株之间的匍匐茎连接时， 3种克隆植物HL分株、LH分株以及整个分株对系统(HL分株+ LH分株)的生物量均得到显著提高。同时， LH分株根冠比显著增加，而HL分株根冠比显著下降。

The results showed:among the 7 isolates, five isolates of HY3、GY1－3、ZJ1－1、HP1、FC3 had same colony shape, irregular shape, liquidlike, slimy, opacity with smooth surface;the other two isolates had same shape, irregular shape, dry, opacity with coarse surface. By inoculating eucalyptus with the 7 isolates, the plants were infected apparently, and the young plants of eucalyptus in control experiment with tap water were not infected. By cultivating eucalyptus cuttings with the bacterial suspensions without EPS, the incidence of disease was very distinct,but compared with the former bacteria suspension,the incidence of disease has decreased at different degrees. By screening out two isolates of strong pathogenicity and two isolates of weak pathogenicity from the 7 isolates,making the bacterial suspensions with them to inoculate the young plants of eucalyptus, two treatments of cutlings and ramets with rats were set with 5 repetitions in every treatment, the results of data analysis showed: for the cutlings, the bacterial contents in upper and middle parts、upper and lower had significant difference;for ramets with roots, the bacterial contents in upper, middle parts, lower had significant difference between each other; For both the cutlings and ramets with roof, the bacterial contents in xylem and phloem had significant difference. The interaction between vertical and horizontal parts for the bacterial content had significant difference. For the two isolates of HY3 and 93B which were screened out at last,their activities of the cellulase were: 1.955ug/ and 1.288ug/ respectively, and had significant difference; the activities of pectase were: 1.325 ug/and 1.24ug/ respectively, and had no significant difference. The content of EPS extracted from the two isolates of HY3 and 93B was very different: 7.08x10-8ug/cell and 5.17x10-8ug/cell.

结果显示：7个菌株中，其中5个菌株HY3、GY1－3、ZJ1－1、HP1、FC3的菌落形态相同：不规则形状、流体、粘性、不透明、表面光滑；另外2个菌株93B、GN1菌落形态相同：不规则形状、干燥、不透明、表面粗糙；用7个菌株接种剪根桉树苗，发病情况非常明显，而自来水对照实验中桉树苗却不发病；无EPS菌悬液培养桉树剪根苗，发病率也很明显，但是相比原菌液，则发病率有不同程度的下降；从7个菌株中间筛选出来2个强致病性菌株和2个弱致病性菌株，用它们配制菌悬液培养桉树苗，设置剪根和不剪根两个处理，每个处理设置五个重复，数据分析结果显示：对于剪根苗，上部和中部、上部和下部的含菌量有显著的差异，中部和下部含菌量差异不显著；带根苗，上部、中部、下部含菌量彼此之间差异显著；不管是剪根苗还是带根苗，木质部和韧皮部含菌量之间的差异都非常显著；上中下与木韧交互作用中，含菌量差异非常显著；最后筛选出来的强弱2个菌株HY3和93B，它们的纤维素酶活性分别为：1.955ug/和1.288ug/，具有显著的差别；果胶酶的活性分别为：1.325 ug/和1.24ug/，没有显著的差别，而且HY3和93B两个菌株细胞分泌的胞外多糖的含量差异很显著，分别为：7.08×10-8ug/cell和5.17×10-8ug/cell。

Of them were Gram-negative rod, 3.8% were Gram-positive. The dominant genera were Vibrio(28 strains). The genera were also composed of Flavobocterium(6), Pseudomonas(5), Achromobacter(5), Aeromonas(3), Enterobacteriaceae(2), Bacillus(2). 1 strain isolated from the oyster died in reproduction.

优势菌为弧菌属28株，其次是黄杆菌属6株、假单胞菌属5株、无色菌属5株、气单胞菌属3株，此外还有肠杆菌科2株、杆状菌属2株，另有1株细菌在传代中失去了生长能力。

Strains YL001 and YL002 formed a monophyletic clade with strains of X. nematophilus with sequence homology outweighing 99% and the sequence homology to genus Photorhabdus outweighing 94%. The lag, logarithmic, stationary and contabescence phase of the two bacteria were 0-6, 6-18, 18-66 and 66 h respectively; pH of strains YL001 and YL002 reduced to 5.70 and 5.56 at 12 h, respectively, and then rose gradually to 7.74 and 8.07 respectively when culture finished. Glucose content reduced quickly during 0-18 h, and then kept stable. Amido nitrogen content reached the lowest at 12 h and then rose slowly. YL001 exhibited the highest inhibitory effects at 54 h and YL002 exhibited highest inhibitory effects at 42 and 66 h respectively on B. cirerea and B. subtilis. Strains YL001 and YL002 belonged to X.

YL001和YL002菌株与嗜线虫致病杆菌种内菌株形成一个类群，序列同源性大于99%，与发光杆菌属内菌株的序列同源性大于94%。2菌株的延缓期、对数生长期、稳定期和衰亡期分别为0~6，6~18，18~66和66 h；培养12 h后，YL001和YL002菌株发酵液的pH值分别降低至5.70和5.56，此后逐渐上升，至发酵结束时其pH值分别为7.74和8.07；培养0~18 h时2菌株发酵液中还原糖含量迅速降低，此后保持稳定；12 h时氨基氮含量达到最低，此后开始缓慢上升；YL001菌株培养54 h后及YL002菌株培养42和66 h后，其对番茄灰霉病菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑制作用最强。

Result 16 strains (QS1, QS2, QS3, QS4, QS5, QS6, QS7, QS8, QS9, QS10, QS11, QS12, QS13, QS14, QS15, QS16) were isolated from the samples, and the infection symptom of QS2, QS6, QS7, QS10, QS14 and QS15 were uniform with that of HS028 strain of Ralstonia solanacearum Yabuuchi, et al., the cultural characters and the physiological and biochemical reaction of the 6 pathogenic strains were all uniform with those of HS028.6 pathogenic strains could use mannitol, sorbitol and dulcitol, but could not use maltose, lactose and cellobiose.

结果］从所采集样本中共分离出16株菌株(QS1、QS2、QS3、QS4、QS5、QS6、QS7、QS8、QS9、QS10、QS11、QS12、QS13、QS14、QS15、QS16)，其中菌株QS2、QS6、QS7、QS10、QS14、QS15的感染症状与青枯罗尔氏菌HS028菌株的感染症状一致，6株致病菌株的培养性状和生理生化反应均与HS028菌株一致；6株致病菌株均能利用甘露醇、山梨醇及甜醇，不能利用麦芽糖、乳糖和纤维二糖。

There were eight strains in Group1 whose hosts were Indigofera, the central strain was SHLO42. There were six strains in Group2 whose hosts were diversity, the central strain was SH199. There were night strains in Group3 which major hosts were Astragalus , the central strain was SH290B.

第1亚群有8株菌寄主均为木蓝属的不同种，中心菌株为 SHL042；第2亚群有6株菌，寄主来源多样，中心菌株为 SH199；第3亚群9株菌，寄主大多数为黄芪属的不同种，中心菌株为 SH290B ；第4亚群7株菌，寄主很集中均为鸡眼草，中心菌株为 SH714；第5亚群菌株数较少仅有4株。

In this paper, adopted augmenting culture in nitrite bacteria culture media and the method of silica gel plate isolation,31 strains of bacteria were isolated from vegetable garden soil of our school. The color reaction test was carried out with Griess reagent and culture fluid, which was regarded as the index to determine producing NO2- or not. 13 strains which color were deep were obtained and they were further rescreened by doing nitrite test. A strain N4(coded N4,the same to the following)with higher rate of nitrosification was picked up after rescreened; A strain B08( coded B08 ,the same to the following) with higher rate of denitrification was obtained after isolated and rejuvenated from our lab conserving mixed denitrifying bacteria culture.

本研究采用亚硝化细菌富集培养基选择培养和硅胶平板分离法，从本校农场菜园土中分离到31株细菌，以格利斯试剂对培养液的反应颜色深浅作为指标衡量其产NO_2~-的多少，经初筛从分离株中筛选出13株格利斯试剂反应颜色较深的菌株，再对这13株菌作亚硝化试验，最终选出一株亚硝化速率较高的菌株(编号为N_4，下同)；另外，通过对本实验室保存的反硝化细菌混合菌液进行分离复壮，筛选出一株反硝化速率高的菌株编号为B_

Results: Cultures for Mycobacterium were positive in a total of 2657 people, among them 1848 strains (69.55%) were Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and 809 strains (30.45%) were Nontuberculous Mycobacterium. Among the 1848 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 337 strains (18.24%) were drug resistant, and 75 strains (4.06%) of them were resistant to both Isoniazid and Rifampin which made them multi-drug resistant. Among the 548 strains of Nontuberculous Mycobacterium, 453 strains (82.66%) were drug resistant. There were a total of 261 rapidly growing mycobacteria, and 242 (92.72%) of them were drug resistant.

结果：分枝杆菌培养阳性共2657菌株/人，其中1848株(69.55%)为结核分枝杆菌，809株(30.45%)为非典型结核分枝杆菌感染。1848株结核分枝杆菌中，337株(18.24%)有抗药性问题，其中75株(4.06%)同时对Isoniazid和Rifampin有抗药性为多重性抗药菌。548株非典型结核分枝杆菌中453株(82.66%)有抗药性问题；快速生长菌群共261株，其中242株(92.72%)有抗药性问题。

It was found that 0.25%o potassium sorbate produced a positive inhibition against short G+ spore bacillus with a concentration less than 5xl04cfu/ml. A concentration less than %o potassium sorbate hardly exerted a complete control towards short G- plump bacillus having a population density of 5x104cfu/ml. It was proved that use of l% potassium sorbute never controlled the growth of G+ coccus, G~ spirilla and enterobacter with a population density of 104cfu/ml. 1mmol EDTA completely controlled the growth of G+ short spore bacillus and G+ coccus whose cell density was 5xl04cfu/ml. A level of lmmol EDTA showed a limited inhibition against the growth of G- spirilla with a population density of 105 cfu/ml. However, a level of 10mmol EDTA completely controlled the growth of the G- spiral bacteria having a population density of 105cfu/ml. lOmmol EDTA produced a very significant control towards the growth of G"" plump short bacillus with 105cfu/ml. 20mmol EDTA showed a remarkable inhibition against the enterobacter with a population density of 105cfu/ml. Different concentrations of nisin including 25mg/mL, 50mg/mL, 75mg/mL and 100mg/mL were used as bio-preservative to examine its effects against the growth of all strains leading to the spoilage of fresh mutton meat. It was seen that there was a big difference in nisin's concentrations in inhibiting the spoiling bacteria. Generally speaking, as more as 75mg/mL of nisin significantly inhibited the growth of G+ short spore bacillus, G-plump short bacillus, enterobacter, G'spiral bacteria and G+ coccus having a population density of 105cfu/ml.

分别运用山梨酸钾、EDTA和Nisin对7种主要引起羊肉腐败的微生物进行了抑菌实验，结果显示，0.25‰以上山梨酸钾能够有效抑制5×10~4 cfu／mL以下的革兰氏阳性短芽孢杆菌的生长；1‰以下的山梨酸钾不能完全抑制5×10~4 cfu／mL革兰氏阴性粗短杆菌的生长，对10~4 cfu／mL革兰氏阳性球菌菌株、革兰氏阴性螺旋菌菌株和肠杆菌菌株抑制效果不太明显。1mmoL EDTA能完全抑制住小于10~5 cfu／mL革兰氏阳性短芽孢杆菌菌株、革兰氏阳性球菌菌株的生长，能明显的抑制10~5 cfu／mL的革兰氏阴性粗短杆菌菌株生长，对10~5 cfu／mL的革兰氏阴性螺旋菌菌株有一定的抑制作用。10mmoL EDTA能完全抑制住10~5 cfu／mL革兰氏阴性螺旋菌菌株的生长；能明显抑制10~5 cfu／mL的革兰氏阴性粗短杆菌菌株的生长，而20 mmoL EDTA能很明显抑制10~5 cfu／mL肠杆菌菌株的生长。25mg／mL、50 mg／mL、75 mg／mL和100 mg／mL的Nisin几乎对所有引起羊肉的腐败菌有抑制作用，但抑制程度不同，抑菌活性有一定的变化。

The probe of chip includes the entire genomic DNA of at least ten thiobacillus ferrooxidans, at least two thiobacillus acidophilus sulfur oxides, at least one eosinophils thiobacillus, at least one acidithiobacillus albertensis bacteria, at least six thiobacillus oxidation of ferrous - Lo, at least eight heterotrophic bacteria acidophilus, at least one metal leaf sulfur bacteria, at least one Acidianus tengchongensis, at least a Metallosphaera sedula and at least two of thermophilic bacillus curing.

该芯片的探针包括至少10株氧化亚铁硫杆菌、至少2株嗜酸氧化硫硫杆菌、至少1株喜温嗜酸硫杆菌、至少1株Acidithiobacillus albertensis菌、至少6株氧化亚铁微螺菌、至少8株异养嗜酸菌、至少1株金属硫叶菌、至少1株嗜酸两面菌、至少1株勤奋金属球菌和至少2株嗜热硫化杆菌的全基因组DNA。这种芯片，能够检测酸性环境中丰度较低的微生物，具有高通量、同时、快速、准确、灵敏地分析酸性环境中微生物群落组成的优点。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。