树干

Caldiz MS, Brunet J (2006) Litterfall of epiphytic macrolichens in Nothofagus forests of northern Patagonia, Argentina: relation to stand age and precipitation.

Hauck 等(2001)在德国 Harz 山50株挪威云杉 1.0–2.0 m 树干处仅收集到21种地衣； Gustafsson 和 Eriksson(1995)在瑞典 Uppsala 地区的欧洲山杨 P。

Now transmuted, we swiftly escape, as Nature escapes; We are Nature—long have we been absent, but now we return; We become plants, leaves, foliage, roots, bark; We are bedded in the ground—we are rocks; We are oaks—we grow in the openings side by side; We browse—we are two among the wild herds, spontaneous as any; We are two fishes swimming in the sea together; We are what the locust blossoms are—we drop scent around the lanes, mornings and evenings; We are also the coarse smut of beasts, vegetables, minerals; We are two predatory hawks—we soar above, and look down; We are two resplendent suns—we it is who balance ourselves, orbic and stellar—we are as two comets; We prowl fang'd and four-footed in the woods—we spring on prey; We are two clouds, forenoons and afternoons, driving overhead; We are seas mingling—we are two of those cheerful waves, rolling over each other, and interwetting each other; We are what the atmosphere is, transparent, receptive, pervious, impervious: We are snow, rain, cold, darkness—we are each product and influence of the globe; We have circled and circled till we have arrived home again—we two have; We have voided all but freedom, and all but our own joy.

我俩，我们被愚弄了这么久我俩，我们被愚弄了这么久，可现在变了，我们迅速逃走，像大自然一样逃走，我们就是大自然，我们离开这里已经很久，但是如今回来了，我们变成植物、树干、树叶、树根和树皮，我们被安置在地里、我们是岩石，我们是橡树，我们并排地生长在林中的空地，我们吃草，我们是野牛群中的两只，如大家一样自然，我们是在海中一起游泳的两条鱼，我们是刺槐的花朵，我们早晚在小巷周围散发香气，我们也是兽类、植物、矿物的粗劣斑点，我们是两只肉食的苍鹰，我们翱翔在高空，俯视下面，我们是两个灿烂的太阳，我们在像星球般平衡着自己，我们是两颗彗星，我们张牙舞爪地在树林巾梭巡，我们向猎物跃进，我们是午前午后在上空奔驰的两朵云，我们是交混的海洋，我们是两个欢乐的浪头，在互相浇泼和连环翻滚，我们是大气、明澈而善于接受，有时能穿透，有时不能，我们是冰雪，雨水，寒冷，黑暗，我们是地球上的每种势力和产品，我们绕了一圈又一圈，最后我们又回到家里，我俩，我们避免了—切，除了自由和我们自己的欢欣。

And Prunus maackii Rupr ,we caculated the datas of 40 mean trees and dominant trees from 20 temporary test plots by software of IBMPC program,analyzed the growth progress of tree height,DBH and volume of Prunus padus L.

采用临时标准地法，对20块标准地的40株平均木和优势木进行了树干解析，采用IBMPC系列程序集对所得数据进行计算，以分析稠李、斑叶稠李树高、胸径和材积的生长规律。

Any of various chiefly tropical evergreen trees, shrubs, or woody vines of the family Palmae, characteristically having unbranched trunks with a crown of large pinnate or palmate leaves having conspicuous parallel venation.

棕榈科植物棕榈科的各种主要的热带常绿树、灌木或木质藤本植物，特点为有无分支的树干，其顶端集生羽状或掌状的树叶，并带有明显的平行叶脉

Ten years wide investigation and research on the characteristics and pathogenicity of cryphonectria parasitica showed that, Cryphonectria parasitica existed widely in the distributing areas of Castanea mollissima, and that it belonged to weak parasite, only lived on the weak and dying branchs, sprouts, and soon. Cryphonectria parasitica was not main and direct death cause of Castanea mollissima, and the dead parts had no great influence on the growth of whole tree.

经过10余年对栗疫病发生特点和致病性的大量调查研究，结果表明栗疫菌在板栗分布区普遍存在，是弱寄生菌，在本地只寄生那些生长十分衰弱，即将死亡的板栗树干、苗木等，但栗疫菌的寄生不是这些部位死亡的主要和直接原因，而且它所寄生的部位局部死亡后对整株栗树的影响不大，因此，栗疫病在一般倩况下并非毁灭性病害。

The results showed that the phytophagous insects in the spruce forest in Qilian Mountains exhibited obvious vertival stratification structure. According to the amounty of species of each structure, it could be divided into 6 insect communities, namely the insects community of the shrub and herbage (928 species), of the soil and root (780 species), of the tender end and needle (117 species), of the stem phloem and xylem (66 species), of the branch thin end twig shin (38 species), of the blossom and seed and fruit (14 species).

结果表明祁连山区青海云杉林中植食性昆虫具有明显的垂直分层结构，根据林分的垂直结构和昆虫寄生、取食树木组织部位可划分为6个群落，其种类由多到少依次为灌木和草本层昆虫群落（928种），土壤与根部昆虫群落（约780种），嫩梢与针叶昆虫群落（117种），树干韧皮部与木质部昆虫群落（66种）、枝梢与嫩皮昆虫群落（38种）、花与种实昆虫群落（14种）。

Considering the bud of Platycarya longipesas basic unit of modular population,the bud population structure of sample trees, which were 8-12 years old and located at different places on slope in karst area in the middle of Guizhou province, was studied.

以圆果化香植株的芽为基本构件单元，对贵州中部喀斯特山地不同坡位上8-12年生植株的芽种群结构进行研究，结果表明：圆果化香芽种群芽总量分配随枝级发生变化，芽数量最多的枝级为树冠中间部位的二级或三级枝，树冠表层的末生枝和紧靠树干的一级枝芽数量较少。

Ganoderma species belong to the kingdom of Fungi, the division of Basidiomycota, the class of Homobasidiomycetes, the order of Aphyllophorales, the family of Polyporaceae and the genus of Ganoderma.

其在分类学上属於担子菌纲、无褶菌目、多孔菌科的灵芝属，可寄生在多种植物邻近根部的树干上，引起木材的白腐朽或根腐。

The results show that Chorisia speciosa, Pterocarpus indicus and Terminalia catappa are suitable for garden landscape and road shade in coastal area of Fujian.

美人树 1.1 形态特征美人树系木棉科木棉属落叶大乔木（图1），主干直立，株高10～15m，冠幅3～6m，树皮浓绿色，树干上

A tree or shrub,especially a fruit tree such as an apple or a pear,repeatedly pruned and trained to grow on a support as a single ropelike stem.

修剪成单干形的果树反复修剪使其生长在单一绳状树干上做为支撑的树或灌木，尤其是果树，如苹果树或梨树

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。