标准地

The relationship of diameter and diameter at butt end was studied with the data of ten plots of Populus davidiana-Betulu platyphylla secondary mixed forests.

利用 10块山杨、桦树天然混交次生林标准地的实测资料，对两树种地径与直径的关系进行了研究，并建立了相应的线性模型，其相关系数均在 0 99以上，拟合效果良好，为林业科研和生产提供了可靠的依

The composition and development of plant community in the process of natural vegetation restoration on the rehabilitated land in early years were studied by means of fixed and temporary sample plots in Yanlan experimental area.

：用固定标准地结合临时样地的方法对延安研究区退耕初期不同退耕年份植被恢复过程中群落形成、组成及其变化进行了研究。

Currently the German Shepherd, Dutch Shepherd and Belgian Malinois have proven to be the best choice as the standard military working dog.

目前，德国牧羊犬，荷兰牧羊犬和比利时玛利诺犬已被证明是最好的选择，作为标准地做好军事工作犬。

At present, the domestic and international attitudes toward SA8000 standard of experts and scholars differ, someone thinks that this standard complies with law of social development, producing has objective necessity; Someone thinks this standard narrow-mindedness and one-sidedness with height, with distinctness and one-way, it is not a fair and rational standard.

目前，国内外专家学者对SA8000标准地态度不1，有人认为该标准是顺应社会发展规律的，产生具有客观必然性；有人认为该标准具有高度的狭隘性和片面性，带有鲜明的单向性，不是一项公正合理的标准。

Under the jurisdiction of the 12 neighborhood communities all built to a high standard "two-hundred works," There are three neighborhood office space, elderly centers in the area are more than 400 square meters, completely changed the neighborhood over the years of office Place a small, poor communities and no history of the place.

所辖的12个社区居委会全部高标准地建成了"双百工程"，有三个居委会的办公面积、老年活动中心面积均在400平方米以上，彻底改变了多年来居委会办公场所狭小、简陋及社区无活动场所的历史。

Based on digital cadastral surveying, the paper discusses Standard Operation Procedure of Cadastral Surveying by studying on cadastral investigation mode in Gulin county. and determines the general procedure of property investigation, priciples of land parceling and cadastral coding, and the investigation way of differrent land types. With field data collection and indoor work processing, the new cadastral map in Gulin county with the scale of 1:500 which meets the precision requirement. has been finally plotted.

本文正是在此基础上，从数字化地籍测量的角度出发，通过对古蔺县建成区和规划区的地籍调查作业模式的研究，探讨了标准地籍测量作业方法，并确定了权属调查的一般流程和宗地划分原则，地籍编号原则，以及社界、地类、农田的调查方法，通过对外业数据采集和调查所获取数据进行内业处理和精度分析，最终编制了满足精度要求的1：500比例尺古蔺县地籍图。

And Prunus maackii Rupr ,we caculated the datas of 40 mean trees and dominant trees from 20 temporary test plots by software of IBMPC program,analyzed the growth progress of tree height,DBH and volume of Prunus padus L.

采用临时标准地法，对20块标准地的40株平均木和优势木进行了树干解析，采用IBMPC系列程序集对所得数据进行计算，以分析稠李、斑叶稠李树高、胸径和材积的生长规律。

Based on 135 actual data by the investigation of 45 pl ots and 225 sample plots in Qinling to the maximum crown density of easi ly burning layers, to the amount of the surface burning material and to t he absolute water-content ratio in the surface burning material, and b y means of dissimilarity analysis method, 45 plots we have investigated can be o bviously divided into 6 groups.

根据秦岭林区45块标准地和225个样方的冠层易燃物最大密度、地表可燃物载量及地表可燃物绝对含水率3个实测值的135个数据，运用Dissimilarity analysis计算认为，调查的45块标准地明显地可聚为6类。

Dead branches or knots in different sizes of tree was studied and different branch development phases of growth,suppression,death and self-pruning was analyzed to evaluate the effect that knot size and distribution impact on timber quality.Branch and knot dynamic models were developed using stand and tree variables.Based on multipleunit stepwise regression method, the individual tree growth model was established using forest and crown factors as the variable. The best taper equation model of Larix olgensis was bucking data of 130 sample trees selected in the studied area.

本研究以不同年龄、不同密度及不同立地条件的落叶松人工林作为研究对象，基于19块标准地中95株标准木的树干解析、枝解析及节子剖析数据，揭示了不同林分条件下林木的枝条数量及在树冠内的空间分布格局、生长发育规律；研究了不同大小树木的死枝和节子大小及其变化规律，分析了枝条的生长、被压、寿命和自然整枝过程，评价了节子大小和分布对木材质量的影响；以林分变量、林木变量和着枝深度等为自变量建立枝条生长和节子大小的动态预测模型；选择林分因子和林木的树冠因子作为竞争因子，用多元逐步回归的方法建立落叶松人工林与距离无关的单木生长模型，并根据研究地区选取的130株造材样木数据，建立了落叶松人工林最佳削度方程。

If the bill of lading contains particulars concerning the general nature, leading marks, number of packages or pieces, weight or quantity of the goods which the carrier or other person issuing the bill of lading on his behalf knows or has reasonable grounds to suspect do not accurately represent the goods actually taken over or, where a "shipped" bill of lading is, issued, loaded, or if he had no reasonable means of checking such particulars, the carrier or such other person must insert in the bill of lading a reservation specifying these inaccuracies, grounds of suspicion or the absence of reasonable means of checking.

参考译文：如果承运人或代其签发提单的其他人确知或者有合理的根据怀疑提单所载有关货物的品类、主要标志、包数或件数、重量或数等项目没有标准地表示实际接管的货物，或在签发&已装船&提单的情况下，没有准确地表示实际装船的货物，或者他无适当的方法来核对这些项目，则承运人或其他人必须在提单上做出保留，说明不符之处、怀疑根据或无适当的核对方法。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。