柠檬萜烯

The results indicated that there were 9 kinds of monoterpenes and 3 kinds of sesquiterpenes were identified both in healthy and weak trees.The components included Thujene,α-Pinene,β-Phellandrene,β-Pinene,Camphene,3-Carene,Limonene, Terpinene,p-Mentha-1,4(8)-diene,Cedrene,Thujopsene andα-Caryophyllene.

结果表明，与健康侧柏相比，衰弱侧柏树干中没有检测到新的化学组分产生，同样是由苧烯、α-蒎烯、莰烯、β-蒎烯、β-水芹烯、3-蒈烯、柠檬烯、萜品烯、p-薄荷-1，4(8)二烯共9种单萜和雪松烯、罗汉柏烯和石竹烯3种倍半萜烯组成。

Among them,--α-Pinene、--β-Pinene、--3-Carene are the three main compounds which account for above 96% of monoterpines, and a small amount of other monoterpines,-limonene, myrcene, camphene, phellandrene.

而对于经常构成蠹类害虫树体引诱剂组分的萜烯类成分在其中占居较高的比重，主要为3种成分--3-蒈烯，--α-蒎烯和--β-蒎烯，占萜烯类总量96％以上。另外还含有少量的柠檬烯、香叶烯、莰烯和萜品油烯等成份。

When the tree changes from health to weak, the main terpene compounds changed, such as the amount of 3-carene, isolimonene,β-pinene, 4-carene were significantly enhanced, and santolina triene,α-fenchene,β-myrcene,β-phellandrene were declined. It will provide a basis for Monochamus urussovi Fischer to select suitable parasitic Picea jezoensis.

鱼鳞云杉树势由健康向衰弱转变时，主要烯萜类化合物含量发生变化，3-蒈烯、异柠檬烯、β-蒎烯、4-蒈烯、α-蒎烯等含量显著上升，而神圣亚麻三烯、α-葑烯、β-月桂烯、β-水芹烯等含量下降，这些烯萜类化合物的变化，为云杉大黑天牛定位选择适宜寄生的鱼鳞云杉提供了依据。

A liquid terpene with a lemon odor; found in lemons and oranges and other essential oils.

一种带柠檬味的液态萜烯，见于柠檬、柑桔和其他香精油中。

Results showed that the main aromatic components of mango were terpenes viz, terpinolene, ocimene,α-pinene, beta-myrcene, alpha-thujene, limonene, caryophyllene, Carene, etc.

结果表明，芒果香气主要成分为萜烯类物质，如异松油烯、罗勒烯、α-蒎烯、β-月桂烯、α-侧柏烯、柠檬烯、石竹烯、蒈烯等。

Forbesii, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes account for 41.30% and 32.65%, respectively, in which (1R)-α-pinene (3.98%), sabinene (2.51%),(1S)-β-pinene (5.78%), m-cymene (4.05%), limonene (3.55%), 3, 7-dimethyl-1, 3, 7-octatriene (3.98%),γ-terpinene (8.70%), anisole (1.78%) and (1S)-endo-bornyl acetate (2.62%) as the monoterpenes and its derivatives, and-β-elemene (1.17%),α-bulnesene (1.40%),-β-bisabolene (1.21%),-elemol (1.42%), guaiol (1.14%), dehydroxyisocalamendiol (1.13%),-aristolene (1.99%), bulnesol (9.48%),γ-eudesmol (1.77%), guai-1(10)-en-11-ol (1.12%) and α-bisabolol (5.35 %) as the sesquiterpenes and its derivatives are the main components.

1R-α-蒎烯(3·98 %)、桧烯(2·51 %)、(1S)-β-蒎烯(5·78 %)、m-月桂烯(4·05 %)、柠檬烯(3·55 %)、3，7-二甲基-1，3，7-庚三烯(3·98 %)、γ-萜品烯(8·70 %)、茴香醚(1·78 %)和(1S)-桥环醋酸冰片酯(2·62 %)为单萜类化合物及其衍生物中的主要成分；-β-榄香烯(1·17 %)、异愈创木烯(1·40 %)、-β-没药烯(1·21 %)、-榄香醇(1·42 %)、愈创木醇(1·14 %)、去羟基异菖蒲二醇(1·13 %)、-土青木香烯(1·99 %)、异愈创木醇(9·48 %)、γ-桉醇(1·77 %)、愈创木-1(10)-烯-11-醇(1·12 %)和α-没药醇(5·35 %)为倍半萜类化合物及其衍生物中的主要成分。

D limonene was distributed among the culture flasks (200 mg/L). The flasks were incubated at 28oC on a rotary shaker (r/min=120) for 5 days. On completion, the culture broth were successively extracted with EtOAc. The extract was quantitatively measured by gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis, The results showed that biocatalytic reactions were comprised of oxidation, including hydroxylation and ketonization which occurred at different positions of the D limonene, as well as hydrogenation, hydrolyzation, esterification and cyclic cleavage. These bacteria strains possess the distinctive biocatalytic capacities towards the D limonene. A series of terpenoids, including sesqui , di and tri terpernoids were also observed,which was accounted for D limonene had influence on the metabolites of marine bacteria.

以2216E为培养基，添加200mg/L的柠檬烯，在28℃，以120 r/min摇瓶培养5 d，用乙酸乙酯提取培养液，经GC MS分析其转化产物，结果显示，这些细菌能在柠檬烯的不同位置进行羟基化、羰基化等，并伴随有还原、水解、酯化、开环等反应，但转化能力和转化程度不同；在产物中，还检测到系列结构不同的其它萜类：包括倍半萜、二萜以及三萜等，这些萜类化合物的产生跟柠檬烯的加入有关，说明柠檬烯能影响细菌代谢产物的产生。

A series of mono-, sesqui-, di- and tri-terpenoids with various structural types, which produced by bio- oxidation, hydrogenation, hydrolyzation, esterification and cyclic cleavage toward-limenone, were analyed by GC-MS.

经GC-MS分析发现该两细菌对-柠檬烯有显著的生物催化转化作用，能对底物进行不同程度的氧化、还原、水解、酯化、开环等反应，并产生丰富的系列结构不同的其它萜类化合物：包括单萜、倍半萜、二萜、以及三萜等。

The EAG results showed that no significant difference between female and male S.bifasciatus.The EAG responses of S.bifasciatus to 3-Carene,Limonene,Terpinene and Thujopsene were increased with the concentration respecitively within the range of 1/1000-1/10.The results of "Y" tube olfactory bioassay showed the pests can be attracted by 1/100 Limonene,3-Carene and Thujopsene.Original and 1/10 Terpinene was the best. In addition,the extracts of A2 and D1 also caused positive attraction to S.bifasciatus,while the extracts by SE and SDE were non-attractive.

触角电位测定结果表明，双条杉天牛雌雄成虫对样品的EAG反应无显著差异。1/10浓度的3-蒈烯、柠檬烯、萜品烯和罗汉柏烯的EAG值最大。Y型嗅觉行为生测结果表明，1/100浓度的柠檬烯、3-蒈烯和罗汉柏烯对天牛有明显引诱效果，萜品烯则是原液和1/10浓度的引诱效果最好；α-蒎烯和β-蒎烯无明显引诱效果。4种提取方法中，改装简易蒸馏法样品(A2)和超临界CO_2萃取样品(D1)对天牛具有明显引诱作用；索氏提取物和并时蒸馏萃取物无引诱效果。

In addition to reducing the directly emitted ozone and its associated impacts, the regulation will reduce the likelihood of particle and formaldehyde formation when limonene or other terpenes are present indoors.

除了减少臭氧的直接排放和与之相关的影响外，这一条例还将减少室内存在柠檬烯和其它萜烯时颗粒物和甲醛形成的机会。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。