染色质

Using neuroanatomical tracing technique and immunohistochemical staining methods, we studied whether transplantation of adult bone marrow stromal cells could promote axon regeneration after spinal injury.

本篇文章利用神经解剖追踪及免疫化学染色的方法探讨脊髓损伤后移植骨髓基质细胞是否帮助脊髓再生。

Methods Osteogenetic culture medium containing different concentrations of atorvastatin 10^(-6, 10^(-7), 10^(-8)mol/L and control were added in the murine bone marrow cell subculture. The proliferation of the stromal cells was observed, and alkaline phosphatase staining and examination were done to check the differentiation ability of bone marrow cells. Alizarin red staining was performed to evaluate the mineralization of the osteoblasts in culture.

分别将10^(-8)、10^(-7)、10^(-6)mol/L的阿托伐他汀和空白药物加入传代培养的小鼠骨髓基质细胞，通过细胞形态学观察、细胞增殖率检测、碱性磷酸酶检测和钙结节染色，比较药物在成骨细胞分化过程中对细胞增殖和分化的影响。

Immunohistochemical staining with an anti-type II collagen antibody demonstrated rich production of the type II collagen in the pericellular matrix from the chondrocytes.

用抗II型胶原抗体免疫组织化学染色证明在软骨细胞周围的基质中有丰富的II型胶原产生。

Higher degree of staining was observed in epithelial cells than in stroma. Both 5α-reductases were mainly localized in the cytoplasm, while in a number of cells they exhibited a nuclear and perinuclear distribution.

型及Ⅱ型还原酶在前列腺组织中并不存在所谓的特异性的细胞类型分布，两种酶在腺上皮细胞中的表达均强于间质，而且以胞浆的染色为主。

All 31 YSTs (5 pediatric and 26 postpubertal) showed strong positive SALL4 staining in more than 90% tumor cells but had negative OCT4 staining. Both spermatocytic seminomas showed positive SALL4 staining in 80% to 95% tumor cells in all 3 types of tumor cells with weak-to-moderate staining intensity.

为了检验SALL4的特异性，我们还给23例睾丸的非GCTs（10例间质细胞瘤、4例支持细胞瘤、3例腺瘤样瘤、3例睾丸旁横纹肌肉瘤、2例弥漫性大B细胞瘤、1例睾丸网的乳头状囊腺瘤）和275例非睾丸性肿瘤（158例转移癌、12例转移性黑色素瘤、11例原发性和2例转移性间皮瘤、72例原发性和20例转移性肉瘤）做了SALL4免疫染色。

①Rat MSC and VSMC were cultured and identified, respectively. MSC were labeled with DAPI firstly, and then co-cultivated with VSMC. The changes of morphology and ultrastructure of co-cultured cells were observed. Immunfluorescence analysis was performed by using monoclonal antibodies against specific antigen.②We established the regulatable system in two steps: a stable MSC line expressing rtTA has been constructed and characterized firstly by transfected with pUHD 17-1hyg and then selected by hygromycin B; in a second step, this line was used for trandfer the AT2R gene to MSC to get the well establishing double stable MSC lines;③The expression of AT2R regulated by doxycycline was evaluated by western blot;④The MSCs were transduced into rat carotid arteries with regulatable AT2R gene after the establishment of rat carotid balloon injury restenosis model. The intimal/medial area ratio were measured by digital analysis system.

研究方法：(1)密度梯度离心法及胶原酶消化法分别培养原代大鼠MSC及VSMC，细胞共培养并行免疫荧光化学染色和透射电镜观察超微结构；(2)组成受Dox调控的哺乳动物表达系统的四种成分的转化、扩增及提纯并酶切鉴定；(3)采用常规分子生物学方法连续两个回合转染体外培养的MSC，并分别采用发光计检测不同细胞克隆萤光素酶活性改变以及RT-PCR方法检测AT2R目的基因mRNA表达情况，根据各个细胞克隆受Dox调控表达的程度，选择低背景、高诱导表达AT2R的细胞系，作为双重稳定MSC细胞系；蛋白免疫印迹法观察该细胞系在Dox调控下AT2R表达的时相性、持续性及在不同浓度Dox调控下的表达情况；(4)建立大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤动物模型，将双重稳定MSC在术中导入血管，分别于14 d、28 d进行病理切片，检测可调控AT2R对新生内膜增生的影响；采用RT-PCR免疫组织化学免疫荧光等技术观察AT2R基因在新生内膜中的表达以及细胞外基质成分表达的改变，TUNEL法检测血管组织中细胞凋亡的变化情况。

Results: The cultured chondrocytes were polygonal cells. There were many rough endoplasmic reticula and mitochondria in cytoplasm, and a lot of secretory vesicles under cell membrane and in the cytoplasm. When cultured for 10 days, some small and white nodules were formed on the bottom of the culture dished, and volcanic-mouth-like structures were formed when cultured for 20 days. Both these nodules and structures contained GAG-positive substances were demonstrated by safranine-O staining.

结果：体外培养的软骨细胞为多角形，透射电镜下见胞浆内有丰富的粗面内质网系统及线粒体，胞膜下及胞浆中有较多分泌泡；连续培养10天时，培养瓶底部出现肉眼可见的白色结节，蕃红-O染色显示白色结节含大量氨基葡聚糖阳性物质，20天时形成火山口样结构，也被蕃红-O染成深红色。

Tepals 5, persistent, erect, spreading, colored, scarious, glabrous.

花被片5，持久，直立，传播，染色，干膜质，无毛。

When total protein was assayed by 2-D PAGE andstained with sliver, about 2000 protein spots with a pI of pH 3-10 and Mrof 12-120 kDa could be detected. All these protein spots were excised foridentification, among which 213 spots corresponding to 192 differentproteins were identified undoubtful by searching the mass spectra againstthe SwissProt/TrEMBL database.

我们利用双向凝胶电泳对小鼠卵巢蛋白进行了分离，在考马斯亮兰染色后将所有可见的蛋白点切取下，经胰蛋白酶消化以后用MALDI-TOF质谱仪进行鉴定。

Furthermore, preliminary work also performed to examine whether PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway was activated in the process of refractory leukemia development. Materials and methods An immortalized human bone marrow stromal cell line, HS-5, was introduced to establish a bi-phase culture system for the cultivation of B-lineage precursor leukemia cells. ELISA and RT-PCR were used to investigate the expression of VEGF and its receptors in the leukemia cell lines and primary childhood leukemia cells in different treated groups. Flow cytometory method and immunofluorescent staining were employed to examine the apoptosis signals both in the VP16 treated and untreated leukemia cells. Western blot was utilized to explore the PI3K/AKT activated status in the drug induced or uninduced leukemia cells and lymphocytes from healthy donors.

材料和方法使用来源于人类骨髓基质细胞的细胞株HS-5作为滋养层细胞进行急性淋巴细胞性白血病细胞的体外培养，通过细胞生物学和免疫学方法评估培养体系并鉴定出难治性白血病细胞克隆；以ELISA和RT-PCR方法检测急性白血病细胞株和患儿白血病细胞VEGF及其受体的表达，了解不同治疗阶段VEGF及其受体的表达状况，并结合临床指标进行分析，明确VEGF及其受体在白血病发生过程中的作用；流式细胞仪和免疫荧光染色法对正常健康儿童、初发白血病患儿、复发白血病患儿及缓解后患儿进行凋亡因子检测和分析，初步阐明难治性白血病抗凋亡形成的原因；蛋白印记分析检测PI3K/AKT信号传导通路在健康儿童、初发白血病和复发白血病患儿的表达，初步了解难治性白血病形成的分子生物学机制。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。