染色体

The aims of this dissertation is combining new theory and method about artificial neural network into numerical computing, cell genetics and chromosome banding technology, to solve the problem which is automatic analysis and recognition of high resolution band of plant chromosome and improve its analysis speed, quality, accuracy and automation.

本文研究的目的是将神经网络的新方法、新理论与计算数学、细胞遗传学和植物染色体分带学相互结合解决植物染色体纹理的高分辨带纹的自动分析与识别问题，提高其分析速度、质量、精度以及自动化程度。

Fluorescence staining of cell framework and nuclei were conducted, the result of which revealed that the transfected cells displayed disorder in cell skeleton, shrinkage and cleavage in nuclei. It was illuminated that chromosome DNA occurred cleavage and fragment since the result of TUNEL detection was positive. The transfected cells also displayed more typical apoptotic character, including exposure of phosphatidylserine in the plasma membrane by Annexin V staining detection, shrinkage nuclei, chromatin condensation, plasma membrane blebbing and chromatin breakage fragments by electron microscopy analyses.

细胞骨架和细胞核染色结果表明，AIF基因转染细胞呈现细胞骨架的紊乱、细胞核固缩、分裂等变化；TUNEL检测呈阳性，说明有染色体DNA出现断裂；Annexin V染色检测到转染细胞出现胞膜磷脂酰丝氨酸的暴露；电镜观察的结果显示，转染目的基因组细胞呈现细胞膜出泡、细胞核固缩、染色体凝集和断裂等典型的凋亡细胞特征。

The point of contact between paired chromatids during meiosis, resulting in a cross-shaped configuration and representing the cytological manifestation of crossing over.

染色体交叉在减数分裂过程中成对的染色体之间的接触点产生一种交叉形状的构造，代表着基因互相交换的细胞表现形式

Results: The risk factors for leukemic transformation and early death were bone ache, Hb＜30 g/L, dysplastic peripheral blood polymorphs, RAEB,RAEB-T of MDS subtype, blast of bone marrow and peripheral blood＞5%,with advancing myelofibrosis, ALIP,-7/7q-+8 and cytogenetic abnormalities at more than two chromosomes.

结果：剧烈骨痛、Hb＜30 g/L、外周血粒系发育异常、RAEB、RAEB-T MDS亚型、骨髓或外周血原始细胞＞5%、伴发MF和ALIP、-7/7q-，+8染色体异常或复合染色体异常为MDS预后不良因素。

Female and male cells had indistinguishable profiles for autosomes but differences on the X chromosome.

男性和女性的细胞在常染色体上区别不大，但在X染色体上存在差异。

A large number of candidate genes of POF are found on X chromosome and autosomes.

目前已发现在X染色体上和常染色体上多个基因与之相关，文章综述了近年来对卵巢早衰候选基因的突变分析情况，旨在从分子水平分析研究卵巢早衰的发病机制提供基础。

Autosomes Paired somatic chromosomes that play no part in sex determination.

常染色体：配对的体细胞染色体，在性别决定过程中不起作用。

We estimated incidences of disomy and for 2 autosomes and 2 gonosomes in sperm samples from 2 normal fertile men.

结果成功地在2.5小时内标记了同一精子核内的多条染色体，最佳的染色体同时标记通量为3条，单色以上标记率达到99％。

The association of XY-bivalent and the rearranged autosomes interfere with or affect, by their contact, X chromosome normal functions.

XY-二价体与重排染色体联合，干扰或影响X染色体的正常功能，从而干扰精子发生。2。

Thirty-three of the genes were on autosomes (chromosomes found in both sexes), and two were on the "X-linked" or sex chromosomes.

其中，33种基因位于常染色体，2种基因位于X染色体。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！