染色体

We also use linear and polynomial fit to analyze their distribution trends and differences among chromosomes and among different kinds of sequences.

果蝇染色体参数X值是由D1和D2值共同决定的，但果蝇染色体的编码序列参数X分内含子序列相比，分布没有趋同性。

In the heredity community renewal process, the paper uses one kind of new crossover operator——Improvement Order Crossover, the better solution two difficult problems both has been able to maintain the fine characteristic of father generation, does not destroy the sub-way which produces already in the most superior routing, and can guarantee when participation in the crossover two individual body is same, causes the genetic algorithms not to be able precociously to restrain in the partial optimal solution.

在应用遗传算法求解时，提出采用惩罚策略处理目标函数中对车辆容量的限制和客户对不同时间窗的需求约束，从而使目标解所对应的染色体能够根据违反约束的程度，具有不同大小的适应度；在遗传群体更新过程中，本文采用一种新型的交叉算子——改进的顺序交叉，更好的解决了既不破坏父代染色体中已产生的最优子路径，还能保证当参与交叉的两个个体相同时，遗传算法不会早熟收敛于局部最优解的两个难题。

That, not the nature of the host "shell", would define the species of the progeny.

但如果新改造过的细胞能够生长繁殖，细胞后代的性状将由植入的染色体而不是由母细胞的染色体决定。

Many ribosomal proteins are coded in protist and plant mitochondrial genomes, but there are few or none in fungi and animal genomes.

许多ribosomal 蛋白质被编码在单细胞生物和种植线粒体染色体，但有少量或无在真菌和动物染色体。

According to the describing method of Maoxue Li et al, we first confirmed the C-banding of Leymus multicaulis is 2n=28=5CT+2CTI(superscript +)+2CT(superscript +)+2CT(subscript +)+1CTI(subscript +)+1C+1T+1TI, and the C-banding of Cichorium intybus L. cv. Puna is 2n=18=2CT+4CTI(subscript +)+1CT(subscript +)+1CT(superscript +)+1CT(subscript +)I(subscript +).

根据李懋学等（1991年）对C-分带的描述方法，首次确认多枝赖草染色体的C-分带为2n=28=5CT+2CTI+2CT+ICTI+ICTI+1C+1T+1TI，普那菊苣各染色体的C-分带为2n=18=2CT+4CTI+1CT+ICTI+1CTI。

The quadrivalent was made of the normal 11 chromosome, the normal 18 chromosome, the translocated 11; 18 chromosome and the translocated 18; 11 chromosome.

精母细胞中SC分析，在早粗线期、中粗线期和晚粗线期精母细胞中，均发现22个常染色体SC和一个XY-二价体，即23个二价体；未发现22个二价体和一个单价体细胞，说明这条rob（21q；21q）染色体的两个臂完全配对形成发夹结构，形态上与正常SC一样，但与正常21号SC相比，其相对长度变短，由正常的1.5±0.1变为1.25±0.05。

After being treated with 0.02M 8-hydxoxy quinoline for 4 hrs, they should be taken the slide preparation.

杉木染色体是22条，在5个种源内发现了1—2个B-染色体。

Dr. Page's new finding is surprising because it shows that the Y chromosome has achieved an unexpected salvation. The hallmark of the Y chromosome now turns out to be renewal and reinvigoration, once the unnecessary burden of X-related genes has been shed.

佩奇博士的新发现让人吃惊不已，这表明Y染色体出人意料的被重新救活，贴在它身上的旧标签要被重写，以前笼罩在它身上的X染色体关联基因的阴霾也一扫而空。

A chromosomal segment of DNA that regulates the activity of the structural genes of an operon by interacting with a specific repressor.

DNA中的染色体元素DNA中的染色体，它是通过与一特殊的约束因子相互作用而控制遗传子结构基因的行为

Rhys had acquired a defective gene on the X-chromosome-inherited from his mother.

里斯的 X 染色体是一个基因有缺陷（这个 X 染色体是从母亲那里继承的）。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！