染色体

The karyotypes and the Giemsa-C banding patterns of Aegilops tauschii (85A-34) and Hordium vulgare (H2) and regenerated plants from embryo callus of hybrids between Ae.tauschii and H.vulgare (2n=28) were confirmed by karyotype analyzing and Giemsa-C banding technique in this study, thus proved that the regenerated plants from embryo callus of hybrids between Ae.tauschii and H.vulgare (2n=28) were spontaneously chromosal doubling amphidiploid.

本研究通过染色体组型分析和Giemsa--C带显带技术，确定了节节麦（85A85A-34）、栽培大麦（H2）、节节麦×大麦杂种胚再生植株(2n=28)的染色体组型和Giemsa--C带核型，证明了节节麦×大麦杂种胚再生植株(2n=28)为自发加倍的节节麦－大麦双二倍体。

Genetic analysis were carried out to identify powdery mildew and strip rust resistance genes in the F2 of Am6-4 amphiploid and wheat variety Jinan17. Results showed that resistances to powdery mildew and stripe rust were controlled by a single dominant gene respectively. 124 SSR primers from genome D were used for marker analysis, marker Xgwm98 150(150为下标) from the chromosome 6D was found to be linked to the new powdery mildew resistance gene with a linkage distance 20.42 cM; A special DNA band was amplified by primere xgwm33 in resistant stripe rust plants, resistance gene for stripe rust was localized on chromosome 1D, and the genetic distance between resistance gene and marker is 8.0 cM.

利用Am6-4与济南17F2分离群体进行白粉病和条锈病抗性基因的遗传分析结果证明，Am6-4中的抗白粉病和抗条锈病基因均为单显性基因；以124对D基因组SSR引物进行标记分析，引物Xgwm98在抗白粉病DNA池和单株中能扩增出特异标记带，标记与抗白粉病基因间的遗传距离为20.42cM，并将抗白粉病基因定位于6D染色体；引物Xgwm33能在抗条锈病DNA池和单株中扩增出特异标记带，标记与抗条锈病基因间的遗传距离为8.0cM，并将抗条锈病基因定位于1D染色体。

Synchronous and asynchronous chromosome separation was seen, and it was more common that the lagging chromosomes formed anaphase bridges.

有丝分裂过程中染色体的分离同步或不同步，不同步分离中的滞后染色体形成后期桥的现象更为普遍。

The kinetochore generates the force that is essential for the complex series of chromosome movements that lead to their aligment at metaphase and segregation at anaphase.

着丝点产生对一系列复杂的染色体运动所必需的力，导致染色体中期的调整和后期的分离。

In anaphase Ⅰ and anaphase Ⅱ,there were lagged chromosomes,chromosome bridges and fragments.

后期Ⅰ和后期Ⅱ出现落后染色体、染色体桥及断片；

And thaw, and cell fusion; Understanding the principles and operation procedures for autoradiograph; Mastering the skills of writing experiment reports and graphic drawing under microscope.

本课程是农业与生物学院本科学生的一门实验课程，本课程主要内容包括：掌握和了解普通光学显微镜、几种特殊显微镜和电镜的一般原理和使用方法；掌握显微镜临时标本的制备，会进行显微测量、细胞计数和染色体观察；初步观察细胞生理现象、细胞化学成分显示、染色体标本制备；掌握细胞培养、细胞冻存与复苏、细胞融合等技术的原理和方法；了解细胞放射自显影技术的原理和操作步骤；掌握实验报告的书写和镜下绘图的技能。

Chromosome 22 is the first sequenced human autosome since Human Genome Project was launched.

22号染色体是人类基因组计划实施以来最先完成序列测定的常染色体。

It is revealed that the aberration of sex chromosome causes the most serious spermatogenesis failure and some breakpoints of autosome may also affect spermatogenesis.

由此可见，性染色体数目和结构异常是精子发生障碍的主要原因，其次常染色体的某些断裂点也可能影响精子发生。

The majority of the loci are at the autosome and five loci at the Z chromosome.Four loci have multiple allelic series.

这些基因座多数位于常染色体上，有5 个基因座位于Z染色体上，有4 个基因座存在有复等位基因系列。

Based on the hereditary properties of NPV resistance, a hypothesis was proposed and confirmed that the resistance is controlled by NN main gene on an autosome and Z + Z + minor genes on the sex chromosome.

根据其遗传规律的特殊性，提出常染色体上NN主基因和性染色体上Z+Z+修饰基因控制假设，并得到试验验证。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！