染色体

GISH analysis showed Triticale have 2 items chromosomes presented yellow and others chromosomes presented chrysoidine, because yellow chromosomes combined the Thinopyrum intermedium DNA, others chromosomes dye by PI. 4. Analysis of resistance gene: CH-9916 is the hybrid progenies of Octoploid tritielytrigia TAI-7045 X common wheat "Jinmai33".

GISH分析结果表明，小偃麦衍生系CH-9916的42条染色体中有2条外源染色体因结合有探针DNA而呈现出较强的黄色杂交信号，而没有结合上探针DNA的普通小麦染色体经过PI染色呈现出桔红色，初步推断小偃麦衍生系CH-9916为一个&小麦一中间偃麦草&的代换系。

Among the fish which were cytogenetically studied, most of them do not possess any morphologically differentiated sex chromosomes. On the other hand, karyotypic analysis, chromosome binding, synaptonemal complex observation and comparative genomic hybridization show in few fish species, that there exist sex chromosomes which differentiated at different levels and types.

在进行过细胞遗传学研究的鱼类中，绝大部分没有发现异形性染色体，然而通过核型分析、染色体显带、联会复合体观察和比较基因组杂交等方法，发现在少部分鱼类中确实存在有异形分化的性染色体，并且分化程度高低不等，性别决定方式多种多样。

Lines which were 2n=21"+1" and one line which was 2n=20"+2", one line which was 2n=43. The salt-resistance addition line Line15 was confirmed as a Disomic alien addition line by C-banding, SSR, FISH methods, and the two alien addition chromosomes had close correlation with the long arm of the second homoeologous group, the centromere region of the third homoeologous group and the short arm of the seventh homoeologous group. We also confirmed the particular C-banding type of the alien addition chromosomes by C-banding following FISH method. The drought-resistance addition line Line17 was found also as a Disomic alien addition line by SSR and FISH detection. The alien addition chromosomes had close correlation with the short arm of the second homoeologous group.

对导入赖草优质耐盐基因的株系Line15进行了C-分带、荧光原位杂交、SSR相结合的鉴定，确认Line15是一个二体异附加系，附加的一对染色体与小麦的第二同源群长臂、第三同源群着丝粒和第七同源群短臂密切相关，并确定了Line15的外源染色体C-分带特征带型，为目后鉴定Line15附加系的真伪提供了简便快捷的途径；对抗旱附加系Line17进行了荧光原位杂交和SSR检测，得出Line17也是一个二体异附加系，外源染色体与小麦的第四同源群短臂密切相关。

Orientale additional and substitutional lines. chromosome number of 96 BC2 F3 individuals were accounted. Fifteen plants with 2n= 43 and eight plants with 2n= 44 were checked out. GISH results of the individuals with 43 chromosomes showed that they blonged to three different monosomic additions. Two disomic additions, ine double-monosomic addition, one trible- monosomic addition and one monosomic addition were found in the 2n = 44 individuals. One double-monosomic substitution and one monosomic sustitution were obtained.

为了筛选小麦-旱麦草异附加系、异代换系，对普通小麦品种Fukuho×东方旱麦草属间杂种的BC2F3代材料的96粒种子进行了染色体数目的检测，共检出15粒2n=43的种子，8粒2n=44的种子，进一步对以上材料进行的基因组DNA原位杂交，共鉴定出3个单体附加系，2个二体附加系，1个双单体附加，1个小麦三体单体附加，1个附加3条东方旱麦草染色体的小麦单体，在染色体数为42的个体中，检测出1个单体代换，1个双单体代换。

In the studies on transferring and identifying alien chro-mosomes into wheat,the combined use of mitotic and meioticchromosome N-banding is also successfully practiced in deter-mination of T.durum-H.villosa amphipoid,five wheatalien disomic additions with H.villosa chromosomes,〓〓,alien sulstitution line with chromosome 〓 andsome translocation lines.

在外源染色体导入、鉴定研究中，利用根尖有丝分裂中期染色体和花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体的N-分带，快速、准确地鉴定了硬粒小麦一簇毛麦双二倍体、普通小麦一簇毛麦异耐加系V〓、V〓、V〓、V〓和V〓，普通小麦一簇毛麦异代换系V〓以及一些具有易位的杂种后代。

The novel restorer line Nsa restorer-1 and its progenies were analysed by genomic in situ hybridization combined with double-colour fluorescence in situ hybridization technologies, the results showed that Nsa restorer-1 was Brassica napus-Xinjiang wild Sinapis arvensis disomic alien addition line,consisting of the whole genome of Brassica napus and a homologous chromosome pair of Xinjiang wild Sinapis arvensis.

用基因组原位杂交(genomic in situ hybridization， GISH)结合双色荧光原位杂交(double-colour fluorescence in situ hybridization， dc-FISH)技术，对甘蓝型油菜新型恢复系Nsa恢1及其后代进行了研究，结果表明，Nsa恢1为甘蓝型油菜-新疆野生油菜二体异附加系，包含了甘蓝型油菜全基因组和新疆野生油菜1对染色体，这1对新疆野生油菜染色体为同源染色体。

In addition, the human X-specific and Y-specific whole chromosome painting probes were hybridized onto metaphase spreads obtained from male of Elaphodus cephalophus.No signals were detected, which indicates the phylogenetic relationship between human and the tufted deer is not close.

分别用人X、Y染色体特异的整条染色体涂染探针，通过荧光原位杂交的方法，检测核型Ⅰ中是否存在与人X、Y染色体同源的片段，结果显示该毛冠鹿间期、中期细胞都呈阴性，提示可能毛冠鹿与人的亲缘关系较远。

Fromthese facts,It could be deduced that 8 to 14 pairs of chromosomes possessed a certaindegree of hetorology,which was directly groved to be hybrid origin of P.tomentosaaccording to the good chromosome homology and fertility of P.bolleana and thehybrids of P.tomentosa×P.bolleana,it could be further deduced that the original parentsof P.tomentosa involved probably P.bolleana or P.alba.

从终变期、中期I的染色体构型看，有数目不等的联会程度较差的单价体和棒状二价体出现，在后期I，甚至末期I亦可见到含落后染色体分裂相的细胞，由此推断可能有8~14对染色体表现出一定程度的异源性，鉴于新疆杨以及毛白杨与新疆杨杂交产生的杂种毛新杨的染色体同源性较强、育性较好等现象，进一步推断毛白杨起源亲本可能包括新疆杨或银白杨。

Methods: Thirty patients with malignant hemopathy were detected using modified technique of R-banding, and the caryotype of the cases was studied. Acridine orange solution was substituted with 10% Giemsa, the composition of the reagents was readjusted and the procedures of the experiment were simplified.

用改良的染色体R显带方法对30例各种类型的染色体进行显带，并对显带的染色体核型进行研究；将传统R显带技术中用10%吉姆萨染液取代吖啶橙工作液，调整欧氏液各种试剂成分和简化试验步骤。

Moreover, all the signals on X and Y only located in the heterochromatic regions, showing the same distribution with those of C-band.

所有X染色体上的信号是一致的，而X、Y染色体上的信号分布则彼此不同。X、Y染色体上的杂交信号区域均集中于异染色质区，信号分布模式同X、Y上异染色质分布模式完全吻合。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。