柏拉图哲学

The issue of time is one of the most profoun d and most important issue s in Western philosophy. From Plato to Husserl, there have been time perspective s of substantialism, relationship, individualist subjectivism, apriorism, and in trinsic time consciousness.

时间问题是西方哲学最艰深的也是最重要的问题之一，从柏拉图到胡塞尔相继出现了实体论时间观、关系论时间观、个人主观时间观、先验时间观和内在时间意识，胡塞尔上承奥古斯丁而持内在时间意识观念，既别于牛顿的时间客观实体论，又别于心理主义的个人主观时间论。

Particularly important was the science and philosophy of the Hellenistic Near East, and the 9th and 10th centuries saw the translation into Arabic of several works by figures like Aristotle, Plato, Euclid, Galen, and others.

尤其重要的是科学与哲学的希腊近东，以及第9和第10个世纪，看到翻译成阿拉伯文的几个作品数字像亚里士多德，柏拉图，欧几里得，加兰和等。

Early stoics developed all platonic and Aristotelian fields of philosophy, including logic, physics, and ethics.

早期的斯多各派学习柏拉图和亚里斯多德的哲学体系，包括逻辑学，物理学和伦理学。

Another legend related that, while he was sleeping as an infant, bees had settled on the lips of Plato; an augury of the sweetness of style in which he would discourse philosophy.

还有个传说叙述的是，当柏拉图还是一个婴儿时，睡觉时有蜜蜂落在他的嘴唇上；这种甜蜜预示着他将从事哲学。

Monotheistic as the writer is throughout his work, he evinces an acquaintance with Greek thought and philosophical terms (he calls God "the Author of beauty": 13:3; styles Providence pronoia: 14:3; 17:2; speaks of oule amorphos,"the formless material" of the universe, after Plato's manner: 11:17; numbers four cardinal virtues in accordance with Aristotle's school: 8:7; etc.), which is superior to anything found in Palestine.

一神教的作者是他的工作，他表现出一个熟人同希腊的思想和哲学术语（他所谓的上帝"作者美"：十三时03分；风格普罗维登斯pronoia ： 14时03 ； 17点02 ；谈到oule amorphos "的无形物质"的宇宙，在柏拉图的方式： 11点17分；号码四项基本原则美德按照亚里士多德的学校：八时07等），这是优於任何发现在巴勒斯坦。

As a philosophical method, the Pyrrhonean movement grew out of the form of skepticism that had developed in plato's academy under its leaders Arcesilas (315-241bce) and Carneades (213-129bce).

作为一种哲学方式，"极端怀疑"运动通过柏拉图的学院的发展，在 A 和 C 两个人的手中成就了怀疑论学派。

Secondly, regarding the question of "Man," Aquinas transcended the two options provided by the tradition of Greek philosophy-Plato and Aristotle-declaring "Man is a compound substance composed of soul and body."

其次，多玛斯在「人」这个问题上，超越了希腊哲学传统所提供的两种选择－柏拉图和亚里斯多德，主张「人是由灵魂和肉体组合而成的复合实体」。

The Republic, the model of ancient philosophy of education, is interpreted repeatedly by academe. Most of the scholars think that Plato's viewpoint that human can be classified as gold, silver and coppery implicates strong absolutism.

古典教育哲学的范本《理想国》虽为学术界反复解读，但大都认为柏拉图提出的金、银、铜铁的三类人的划分以及相应的教育，蕴涵着浓厚的专制主义色彩。

In the Hellenistic and roman periods after Plato and Aristotle, philosophy branched into three distinct movements: Epicureanism, stoicism, and skepticism.

在柏拉图和亚里斯多德之后的希腊和罗马时代，哲学出现了泾渭分明的三个流向：伊壁鸠鲁派，斯多阁派，思凯普特派。

In contrast, Diogenes, one of Antisthenes most famous followers carried the cynical philosophy to its farthest extreme. Diogenes was not known merely as one of "The Dog Philosophers," his personal nickname was "The Dog" and Plato referred to him as "Socrates gone mad." He denied all physical wealth and pleasure; he lived in a barrel and his only possessions were a robe to cover himself and a walking stick. There is an antecdote of questionable historical accuracy that demonstrates the character of Diogenes: One day Diogenes was sitting on a hill next to his barrel enjoying the warm rays of the sun when he was approached by Alexander the Great. Alexander asked Diogenes if he was the infamous Diogenes of whom the Athenians had spoken. Diogenes replied that he was. Alexander asked Diogenes if it was true that he had no desire for anything. Diogenes looked up at Alexander and said that he only wanted one thing, with that he asked Alexander to move a little to one side because he was blocking the sun. After the encounter, Alexander reportedly stated that if he could be anyone other than Alexander he would want to be Diogenes. Although Diogenes' behavior was sometimes amusing, he was not well liked in Athens primarily because of his writings encouraging incest and cannibalism.

和他形成对比的是带奥珍妮丝，他最著名的一个把犬儒哲学发扬到极致的追随者，带奥珍妮丝不光被看成犬儒哲学家，他自己的外号是狗并且柏拉图称他为疯了的苏格拉底，他漠视一切身体健康和愉悦，他住在一个罐子里，所有的财产是用来遮盖自己的一挂长袍，和一只拐杖，曾有一个轶闻能够体现带奥珍妮丝的性格，尽管历史准确性存在争论：有一天带奥珍妮丝坐在小山坡上，身边是他的罐子，正在沐浴和煦的阳光，这是亚历山大王走到他的身边，亚历山大问带奥珍妮丝是不是雅典人所热论的那个声名不佳的带奥珍妮丝，带奥珍妮丝回答是，亚历山大接着问你什么东西都不想要是否属实，带奥珍妮丝抬头看看亚历山大王，说道，除了一样东西，说着，他请亚历山大挪开一点因为他挡住了他正在享受的阳光，据传言，这次邂逅以后，亚历山大说过，如果给他一个不是亚历山大的机会，他愿意成为带奥珍妮丝，尽管带奥珍妮丝所为有时趣味横生，但是他还不是很见爱于雅典人，主要是因为他的著述里面提倡乱伦和食人

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。