柏拉图

A pupil of Plato, the tutor of Alexander the Great, and

柏拉图的学生，亚历山大大帝的教师，他的著述论及逻辑学

These boys, they are looking forward to in their world,"If Plato."

这些男孩，他们都期待着在他们的世界里&如果柏拉图&。

It is only in this sense that Plato uses the term knowledge.

柏拉图就是在这种意义上使用&知识&一词的。

More than 2,000 years ago, Plato wrote,"The sum and substance of education is the right training, which effectively leads the soul of the child at play onto the love of the calling in which he will have to be perfect when he is a man."

2000年前，柏拉图写道：&教育的全部及本质就是正确的训练，这会有效地使天真无邪的孩童的灵魂得到升华，待成人后去热爱自己的事业，为这一事业他必须做得尽善尽美。&

As Plato puts it: Until philosophers rule as kings or those who are now called kings and leading men genuinely and adequately philosophise, that is, until political power and philosophy entirely coincide, while the many natures who at present pursue either one exclusively are forcibly prevented from doing so, cities will have no rest from evils,... nor, I think, will the human race.

正如柏拉图所说：除非我们能由哲学家担任国王进行统治、或是现在那些被称为国王的人真正适当地学习了哲学，使政治权力和哲学能完全相融合，并且将现在那些只从事政治而不钻研哲学、或只钻研哲学而不从事政治的家伙完全驱逐出去，否则，我们的城邦永远也不会获得安宁、人类也不会免於邪恶的灾难。

Play is one of the relaxations loved by people, which has an important point in people's healthiness of spirits, can give body and spirit relax, makes people feel happy and value.

一、游戏的相关研究游戏是一种极为古老、极为普遍的活动，然而对于游戏的研究却是相当近的事。柏拉图和亚里士多德曾提到过游戏，但论述很少。

What should be the natural relation between philosophy and rhetoric? Such issues make up of Plato's rhetoric thought. The modern western rhetoricians have simply believed that Plato was totally opposing rhetoric. Instead, Cicero had grasped the spirit of Plato's rhetoric thought.

在哲学与修辞术的关系上，柏拉图并非简单地一概否认修辞术在政治领域的运用，而是在肯定修辞术作用的同时，一面强调政治修辞术必须为追求正义服务，不能以牺牲人们对美德的培养为代价，而败坏了城邦政治和人的灵魂的秩序。

He defined science as the demonstrated knowledge of the causes of things, of which there are four types: the material cause,"that from which, as its constitutive material, something comes, for example the bronze of the statue"; the formal, or ideal, cause, what the particular stature is ,its essence of nature, such as its being a bust of plato; the efficient cause, that by which it initially comes into existence,"the source of the first beginning of change," as in "the father is the cause of the child"; and the final cause, its "end" or purpose,"that for the sake of which" something is done, such as "health is of walking around."

亚里斯多德通过严格的演示，探究事物的缘由，用以界定科学。他探究事物的模型有如下四类：物质原因，&由何物所构成，成分，如铸像之青铜&；第二类是形式、想象，如是非常之境况，事物之本质，诸如&柏拉图之名相&；第三类是动因，任何存在凭此而来，&变化伊始的本源力量&，正如&父为子之因&；最后一类是终极之因，作为&事已定&的结论而存在，&健康是走路走出来的&。

Although,in philosopher of ancient Greece,the theory achievement of there explicit information mentality is not very much,we still may analysis there deep aroma the information sense,from that theory expositions,such as Anaxagoras's it on"every one thing all inclusions a part of it's"and Demokritos and so on "aporroai theory"of cognition be happened,and Gorgias's it on relation of phenomenon of thinking,language and its exist of surface,and Plato's it on relation of thing with image、differing opinion and kn...

虽然，在古希腊哲学家那里，明确具有信息意识的理论成果并不很多，但是，我们还是可以从阿那克萨戈关于&每一事物都包涵着每一事物的部分&的论述中，从德谟克利特等人的认识发生的&流射说&中，从高尔吉亚关于思想、语言与其所表征的存在、现象的关系的论述中，从柏拉图关于事物与影像、意见与知识的关系的相关论述中，以及从亚里士多德关于潜能与现实的辩证关系的论述中解析出具有深刻韵味的信息观念。

Education 教育 Apuleius informs us that Speusippus praised Plato's quickness of mind and modesty as a boy, and the "first fruits of his youth infused with hard work and love of study".

阿普留斯告诉我们，斯伯乌丝布赞扬柏拉图作为男孩的思想敏捷和谦逊，&他青年时第一批成果沁润了他辛勤的劳动与对学习的热爱&。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。