枯草

The results showed: the Berberis heteropoda pigment could effectively inhibit the growth of theE scherichiac oli, the calyx pigment ofP hysalis alkekengi coulde ffectively inhibit the growth of the Bacterium proteus, the concentrated liquid of Rhodiola sachalinensis could effectively inhibit the growth of the Bac.

结果发现：小檗色素对大肠杆菌抑菌作用最强，酸浆花萼色素对变形杆菌抑菌作用最强，红景天浓缩液对枯草芽孢杆菌抑菌作用最强，小茴香浓缩液对四种待试菌无抑菌作用；小檗色素对四种待试菌的最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度分别为：枯草芽孢杆菌MIC2。

Resulls showed that five stored antagonists (Burkholder cepacia, Candida guiliermondii, Kloeckera apiculata, Debaryomyces han-senii, Bacillus subtilis) could effectively inhibit brown rot of sweet cherry fruit, among which Bacillus subtilis and Candida guiliermondii could entirely inhibit the disease.

结果表明，保存的洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌、季也蒙假丝酵母、柠檬形克勒克酵母、汉逊德巴利酵母、枯草芽孢杆菌 B-912等5种拮抗菌对甜樱桃褐腐病都表现出显著的抑制效果，其中枯草芽孢杆菌、季也蒙假丝酵母可完全抑制病害的发生；季也蒙假丝酵母和柠檬形克勒克酵母能有效地防治核果类果实采摘后软腐病。

With metabolic pathway analysis method, the biosynthesis pathway of guanosine by Bacillus subtillis in steady state was analysed in this paper, and three basic models were established, and th.

利用途径分析方法对枯草芽孢杆菌生产鸟苷的途径进行了分析，建立了 3种基础模型，鸟苷理论摩尔产率分别是 0 6 2 5、0 75和 0 6 6 7，确定了枯草芽孢杆菌生产鸟苷的最佳途径的通量分布。

The optimum hydrolytic conditions of razor clam for neutral protease were : enzyme concentration 2.4%, hydrolysis temperature 50癈, substrate concentration 1:3, pH 7 and reaction time 6 hrs with the degree of hydrolysis and extraction rate of total nitrogen 42.46% and 83.04% respectively; and foracid protease they were: en/yme concentration 6.0%, hydrolysis temperature 50癈, substrate concentration 1:4, pH3.5 and reaction time 5 hrs with the degree of hydrolysis and extraction rate of total nitrogen 46.37% and 87.94% respectively, the hydrolysate being clear light yellow. For the combination of two kinds of proteases they were: first hydrolyzing with 2.6% f 1 avouryme for 3 hrs, then hydrolyzing with 2.4% neutral protease for 3 hrs with the degree of hydrolysis and extraction rtiie of total nitrogen 4-1.57% and 86.95% respectively.

最后综合考虑了水解率、总氮回收率和水解液的色泽、澄清度等指标，得出了较适宜的酶种为单酶以枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶和酸性蛋白酶效果较好，双酶以风味蛋白酶与枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶双酶组合水解效果较好，其适宜的水解工艺条件分别为：枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶加酶量为2.4%，水解温度50℃，料水比1：3，pH值中性条件下水解6h，绕蛙蛋白质的水解率和总氮回收率分别为42.46%和83.04%；酸性蛋白酶水解编蛙肉的适宜的工艺条件为加酶量6.0%、水解温度50℃，料水比l：4，pH值3.5条件下水解sh，水解率为46.37%，总氮回收率为87.94%，水解液呈较清澈的淡黄色；双酶采用先用2.6%风味酶水解3h后，再加入2.4%中性蛋白酶水解3h，水解率达44.57%，总氮回收率为86.95%。

ABSTRACT Bacillus subtilis tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase was expressed and purified by the aid of the high-level expr...

利用枯草杆菌色氨酰tRNA合成酶的高表达质粒pKSW1表达和纯化了枯草杆菌色氨酰tRNA合成酶。

According to the identification, Bacillus subtilis CGMCC No.1982 is a typical Bacillus subtilis. Compared with other Bacillus subtilises, Bacillus subtilis CGMCC No.1982 has broad-spectrum antipathogen fungal activity; the fermentation broth and spore have sound effect in preservation of fresh fruits such as peach, grapes, etc, and also have sound antiviral effect in production of cucumber, tomato and other greenhouse vegetables.

经鉴定枯草芽孢杆菌CGMCC No.1982属于典型的枯草芽孢杆菌，与其它枯草芽孢杆菌相比其具有广谱抗病原真菌活性，其发酵液和芽孢对鲜桃、葡萄等水果保鲜效果较好；用于黄瓜、番茄等大棚蔬菜的生产抗病效果较好。

C, 200rpm for 5d then placed statically for more than 7d, and addition more than 0.01% Chitosan to Bacillus subtilis suspension provided significant UV protection. The survival spore rate is 90% about 2-2.5 fold better than control for spore exposed to UV radiation for 30 min. Bioassay in against Glomerella cingulata, and the inhibition activity is still 60%.

枯草杆菌於MIY液态培养基中，30°C，200rpm震荡培养五天后静置培养七天以上，以甲壳素添加浓度大於0.01％作为最适宜的紫外保护剂之作用最好，於UVB灯下暴晒30 min，对枯草杆菌孢子的保护效果最好，存活率达90％以上，抗紫外线活性是不添加紫外线保护剂的CK组的2.5-3倍，对檬果炭疽真菌仍有60%的抑菌活性。

Signal peptide sequence was removed lest it couldnt be recognized by Bacillus subtilis, gene coding for mature peptide was ligated to downstream of sacB signal peptide sequence of pWB980 to form a new ORF and generate pWB980-LipA, gene coding for its chaperone was also amplified and ligated to the downstream of LipA to generate a secretion/expression vector pWB980-LipAB.thechaperone gene was sequenced and analyzed by multiple alignments, resulted showed that there were mutations of nucleotides(1～7) and amino acids (1～2) with the other reported genes.

为了防止枯草芽孢杆菌信号肽酶不能识别脂肪酶的信号肽，切除掉脂肪酶的信号肽编码序列，与枯草芽孢杆菌分泌表达质粒pWB980连接并与质粒上的SacB信号肽构成一个完整的开放式阅读框，获得重组质粒pWB980-LipA，因为该脂肪酶的活性表达需要一个特异性分子伴侣帮助折叠成有活性的构象，将脂肪酶分子伴侣基因串连到脂肪酶基因的下游，获得重组分泌表达载体pWB980-LipAB并且测序分析分子伴侣的基因序列和氨基酸序列并与其它报导的序列进行了比对，发现有1到7个碱基的差异和1到2个氨基酸残基的突变。

For example, it is a pathogenic bacterium and has endotoxins; it secretes protein into the periplasm and often into inclusion bodies. Bacillus subtilis is an attractive host for the production of heterologous secretory proteins. Many genes has succeed expressed in Bacillus subtilis, and the plasmid vectors for Bacillus subtilis are now taken from other genus bacterium, such as Staphylococcus aureus or lactococcus lactis and so on. As it is clear to known that these plasmids are far from optimal for Bacillus subtilis, because of low efficiencies of cloning and high levels of replicating instability.

枯草芽胞杆菌是目前原核表达系统中分泌表达外源蛋白较理想的宿主，近几年已在枯草芽胞杆菌中成功表达了多种基因，但大多都应用来源于金黄色葡萄球菌、乳酸杆菌等的载体来表达外源基因，由于其在枯草芽胞杆菌中存在分离复制的不稳定及外源基因的克隆表达效率低的现象，故都不是枯草芽胞杆菌的最佳选择，还有待改进。

Re-sults:it was shown that Nano MgO had excellent germicidal efficacy to the Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.To such spore as Bacillus subtilis var.niger spore,Nano MgO also produced good germicidal effect.It was proposed that abrasiveness,alka-linity,electrostatic attraction,and oxidizing power of nano MgO all combined to promote these biocidal properties.

结果： ①纳米氧化镁能有效杀灭大肠杆菌，对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢也有显著的杀灭效果；②纳米氧化镁对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢有很好的抑菌作用；③纳米氧化物的磨蚀性、碱性、氧化性以及对微生物的静电吸附使它具有抑菌和杀菌作用。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失