枢椎

［Objective］ To investigate the stability and function of atlantoaxial segment after atlas odontoid process artificial joint replacement.

［目的］测试寰椎齿状突人工关节置换后寰枢椎的稳定性和功能。

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of using pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of hangmans fracture.

小摘要：目的评介椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗枢椎椎弓骨折的临床应用价值。

The outcomes of diaplasis and fixation by using pedicle screw fixation in treatment on acture hangmans fracture were satisfaction, and this clinical technique can promot functional recovery of spinal cord, decrease the rate of infection and less affect the function of uper cervical spine.

椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗早期枢椎椎弓骨折，复位固定满意，促进脊髓功能的恢复，且较少影响上颈椎功能。

Objective:To report the primary result of a newly-designed screw-plate system for the treatment of atlantoaxial instability.

目的：初步报告后路寰枢椎侧块钉板固定植骨融合术治疗寰枢椎不稳定的近期疗效。

There were 2 cases of axoid longitudinal fractures without obvious dislocation.

枢椎椎体骨折，本组中2例，为椎体纵行骨折，骨折无明显移位。

The diagnosis of dearticulation of atlantoepistrophic articulation mainly according to measure the ADI. The X-ray pictures and CT were important.

寰枢椎脱位主要通过测量寰枢椎间距离诊断，主要依靠X线平片和CT测量诊断。

Fusion can provide stabilization for atlanto-axial joint, but it restricts the movement between atlas and axis and induces degeneration and instablility of unfused cervical spine.

本研究旨在开发一种人工寰齿关节，临床应用它来治疗寰枢椎脱位与不稳，以达到既恢复寰枢关节的稳定性又保留其运动功能的目的。

Methods the angles from the body surface of yamen (gv 15) to the joint line between the level opposide atlas and axis, and the joint line between body surface of yamen point and posterior margin of the great occipital foramen, upper margin of arcus posterior atlantis were measured respectively in 1120 cases of t1 weighted image of median sigittal position with mri, and the data were processed by computer.

取1120例mri正中矢状位t1加权像，分别测量体表哑门穴至水平相对寰、枢椎椎间的连线与体表哑门穴至枕骨大孔后缘连线、寰椎后弓上缘连线所夹的角度，并由计算机进行数据处理。

It is an effective method to make three-dimensional diagnosis of atlantoaxial subluxation with X-ray photograph and thereafter adopt therapies of acupotomy and spinal manipulation technique.

通过X线片对寰枢椎半脱位作出三维诊断并依此选择针刀和相应的手法整脊治疗，是寰枢椎半脱位诊疗的有效方法。

This series included 35 male and 22 female, and the mean age was 34.6 years (range, 13– 66 years). The pathology included atlantoaxial instability in 52 patients (os odontoideum in 26 patients, transerse ligament relaxation or disruption in 20, odontoid fracture nonunion in 6), and irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation in 5 (os odontoideum in 1 patient, transerse ligament relaxation in 1, malunion of odontoid process fracture in 3). Twenty-four patients presented signs and symptoms of spinal cord and/or brain-stem dysfunction.

这个系列包括35个男性病人和22个女性病人，平均年龄是34.6岁（范围，13~66岁）。52个病人是寰枢椎不稳（26例os odontoideum、20个横韧带松弛或破裂、6例齿状突骨折不连），5例不可复位的寰枢椎关节脱位（1例os odontoideum，1例横韧带松弛，3例齿状突骨折连接不正）。24例有脊索和脑干功能不良的症状和体征。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。