果蝇

These results indicate that the dHira transcripts are maternal and they may play very important roles during early embryogenesis. While the accurate function in development of Hira still remains unclear.

本研究将果蝇Hira基因的cDNA克隆到载体UASp中，运用UAS-Gal4系统，通过功能获得性突变的方法使dHira在果蝇早期胚胎中大量表达，来研究Hira在无脊椎动物果蝇中的作用。

The time needed for the development of flies fed with the Beijing Recipe is longer than that of flies fed with Wurzburg Recipe . The former showed hyperfunction in courtship, less female fertility, and lower performance indices compared with those of fed with B.

用北京配方培养的果蝇发育时间比用Wurzburg配方的果蝇延长，A培养基培养的果蝇在求偶方面表现出亢进，雌蝇单位时间内的产卵率低于B培养基中的果蝇，而且A培养基培养的果蝇学习记忆能力低于B培养基中的果蝇。

Six pairs of oligonucleotide primers were designed to amplify and sequence scarlet gene of mutant stbr flies which were obtained by outcross between Bar and wild type flies.

设计了6对引物对本实验室由棒眼果蝇Bar与野生型果蝇杂交所产生的亮红眼突变型果蝇stbr的scarlet基因进行了测序，结果在scarlet基因的第4外显子检测到了一个7.5kb的插入，进一步的测序证实此7.5kb插入为逆转座子412元件。

Methods Ponceau 4R was administrated orally to different groups of Drosophila melanogaster, Median lethal dose （LC50） was estimated by acute toxicity test; lifespan was tested by drosophila survival experiment; superoxide dismutase and maleic diadehyde were evaluated at different periods.

方法经口喂饲果蝇不同浓度胭脂红，通过急性毒性试验测定胭脂红半数致死浓度（median lethal dose，LC50），采用生存试验检测果蝇寿命，测定不同时间果蝇体内总超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）活性及丙二醛（maleic dialdehyde，MDA）含量。

The Drosophila heart related genes, tinman and wingless, have been shown to play an important role in coordinating the early formation of heart progenitor cells and precursors, yet the late function is still unexplored.

虽然果蝇心脏发育基因wingless和tinman在果蝇心脏发育的早期功能已经清楚，它们都与果蝇心脏前体细胞的形成有关，但它们在果蝇心脏发育的后期功能仍有待进一步研究。

The Drosophila heart related genes,tinman and wingless,have been shown to play an important role in corrdinating the early formation of heart progenitor eells and precursors,yet the late function is still unexplored.

虽然果蝇心脏发育基因wingless和tinman在果蝇心脏发育的早期功能已经清楚，它们都与果蝇心脏前体细胞的形成有关，但它们在果蝇心脏发育的后期功能仍有待进一步研究。

Flybase includes data on all species from the family Drosophilidae ; the primary species represented is Drosophila melanogaster .

果蝇基因组数据库拥有果蝇家族所有种类的信息；其中最主要的果蝇是黑腹果蝇。

Flybase includes data on all species from the family Drosophilidae ; the primary species represented is Drosophila melanogaster .

果蝇基因组资料库拥有果蝇家族所有种类的资讯；其中最主要的果蝇是黑腹果蝇。

We initiated a genetic screen for Drosophila olfactory genes by means of SG18.1-Gal4/UAS system: The result validates our screen as an rapid, effective approach for recovering genes controlling glomerular map patterning; From a misexpression screen of 1,515 P{GS} lines, we identified 23 genes that, when forcibly expressed in the olfactory receptor neurons, disrupted the stereotyped anatomy of the Drosophila antennal lobes; These genes, which have not been shown previously to control olfactory map development, encode novel proteins as well as proteins with known roles in axonal outgrowth and cytoskeletal remodeling.

本文首次利用SG18.1-Gal4／UAS基因筛选系统对果蝇嗅觉基因进行了筛选和鉴定：结果表明，所采用的方法可以快速、有效地分离到果蝇嗅觉相关基因；从1515株果蝇P{GS}品系分离到86株突变体，其中40株有明显表型，从中鉴定了23个基因，这些基因在ORN强迫表达时可以损坏果蝇嗅叶的固有结构；在筛选中发现的一些调节嗅觉图谱发育的基因可以编码新蛋白或编码参与轴突生长和细胞骨架重塑的蛋白；为了便于研究，根据基因的功能和所编码蛋白的特点，我们对分离到的基因进行了分类，即参与轴突引导和突触产生、调节转录、调节细胞骨架和功能未确定或未知的基因；并通过对嗅觉感觉器的检测发现，除了调节转录的基因外，其他基因对触觉器的数量和分布影响不明显。

I have therefore generated several p130cas RNA interference transgenic lines to determine the possible function of p130cas during neurogenesis. Knockdown of p130cas expression in developing neurons resulted in partial fusion in the commissures axon fascicles of CNS, photoreceptor axon targeting and guidance defects, and bulged synapse boutons at the neuromuscular junction. Moreover, reduced expression of p130cas in sensory organ precursor cells and proneural clusters resulted in bristle development defects.

为了了解p130cas的功能以及更进一步的分析p130cas在神经发育过程所扮演的角色，我建立一系列可以执行RNA干扰技术的转殖果蝇，结果显示在果蝇的神经中降低p130cas的表现会造成腹部神经索中原来排列整齐的commissure axons神经束偶尔会出现不正常的融合；若将p130cas专一地在果蝇眼睛中降低则会造成果蝇视神经突触目标辨识与突触导向的缺陷；而如果局部的运动神经系统中降低p130cas的表现会造成在神经肌肉接点的神经突触有澎大的现象；此外在果蝇的感觉器官前细胞以及原神经细胞丛，降低p130cas的表现则会导致刚毛发育的缺陷。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。