果皮

From the resultsof SEM we could find that there were some tiny gapes on the surface of pericarp.

通过荔枝果皮电子显微镜观察实验可发现，荔枝果皮表面有一些微裂口，果皮分三层。

The essential oil was prepared from the peel by solution extraction, and separated into fractions of hydrocarbon and oxygenated compounds through a silicagel column. As the oxygenated fraction had the characteristic aroma of the peel oil, odor quality of the fraction was estimated on the basis of a odor unit value. Twenty five compounds such as geranial, neral, linalool and aliphatic aldehydes were selected as the components contributed to the aroma of the peel oil.

用溶剂萃取法提取白柠檬果皮的精油，并用硅胶柱将精油分成碳氢化合物和含氧化合物两大部分，由于含氧化合物部分具有果皮油的特征香气，利用各成分的香气值对该部分进行了评价，明确了香叶醛、橙花醛、沉香醇以及一些脂肪族醛等25种成分对白柠檬果皮油香气起着重要作用。

Analysis of the extracts of the skin, juice/pulp, and seed of muscadine grapes showed that concentration of resveratrol in the skin was highest.

通过对圆叶葡萄的果皮、果汁/果肉以及种子的提取物进行分析，证实果皮中白藜芦醇的含量是最高的，果汁/果肉中的含量要比果皮和种子低得多。

Analysis of the extracts of the skin, juice/pulp, and seed of muscadine grapes showed that concentration of resveratrol in the skin was highest. Levels in the juice/pulp were much lower than in the skin and seeds.

通过对圆叶葡萄的果皮、果汁/果肉以及种子的提取物进行分析，证实果皮中白藜芦醇的含量是最高的，果汁/果肉中的含量要比果皮和种子低得多。

The result showed that pericarp thickness was significantly different among different varieties and among different days after pollination.

结果表明，不同品种和不同授粉天数的果皮厚度差异明显；同一品种籽粒内不同部位间的果皮厚度也有较大差异，这种差异在灌浆前期更为明显，主要表现为胚背面的果皮较胚面薄，之后这种差异逐渐缩小。

Total sugar of sarcocarp and chlorophyll of pericarp increased firstly, and then decreased afterward along with altitude; Titratable acidity, ascorbicacid and anthocyanin of pericarp were increased along with altitude; The content of protein increased firstly and decreased afterward along with altitude; Carotenoid of pericarp were decreased along with altitude.

果肉总糖和果皮叶绿素含量随海拔高度升高先升高后降低；可滴定酸、维生素C和果皮花青苷含量均随海拔升高而升高；蛋白质在1720m处最大，1420m处最小；果皮类胡萝卜素随海拔升高而降低。

This indicated effects of regulation on scenescence of fruit were through influencing the changes of internal ABA content. The relationship between different oxidative enzymes in the flesh and pericarp and ethanol accumulation in different maturity of 'brumal jujube' were investigated.

与果肉相比，冬枣果皮中含有较高的总酚、H_2O_2含量和较低的抗坏血酸含量；果皮中含有两种游离酚酸：儿茶酸、阿魏酸，显著低于果肉中的酚酸种类，贮藏末期果皮中的两种酚酸分别下降了80.36％和59.1％；而且果皮总酚含量与转红率呈显著负相关R=-0.88~(**，推测酚类物质的变化参与了冬枣果皮色泽变化。

The antibacterial activities of most of fractions were similar to the pomegranate peel extract.(7) Respiratory inhibition experiment showed that the respiration of thallus was inhibited mainly through the hexose monophosphate pathway, which leaded to be short of NADPH, and induced metabolic function dysfunction. Growth curve assay showed that the pomegranate peel extract inhibited cytodieresis in logarithmic growth phase. After exposure to the pomegranate peel extract, bacterial protein was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The results showed that protein synthesis was inhibited, especially for large molecular weight protein.

7呼吸抑制试验结果表明，石榴果皮提取物主要是通过抑制HMP途径，导致还原力NADPH缺乏，引起代谢功能障碍，达到抑菌的目的；加药组和正常组金黄色葡萄球菌生长曲线的对比结果表明，石榴果皮提取物能够抑制金黄色葡萄球菌对数生长期的菌体分裂；SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析表明，石榴果皮提取物能够抑制菌细胞蛋白合成，尤其对菌体内大分子量蛋白作用最明显。

There was a significant negative correlation between Ca contents in peel and creasing fruit rate.

果皮N、P含量与柑桔皱皮果的形成没有相关性，K在皱皮果中的含量比正常果高，而在阳面果皮比阴面果皮高；Mg在皱皮果和阴面果皮及其细胞壁的含量都比在正常果和阳面果皮稍低，但Mg的含量与皱皮果率的相关性不显著；Ca在正常果和阳面果皮及其细胞壁的含量都明显高於皱皮果和阴面果皮，皱皮果率与Ca的含量呈显著的负相关。

Then the waveband was divided into two parts to develop calibration model using partial least square method for soluble solids content to remove the effect of the skin and the results indicated that the measurement results was not be enhanced. However, the difference of calibration results in the wavelength of 650-950nm with the r of 0.949, the RMSEC of 0.292 for intact watermelon and with the r of 0.973 and the RMSEC of 0.214 for skin-peeled watermelon indicated that the influence of skin is not very serious and the intact watermelon spectra also can get satisfied calibration result. 5. Vis/NIR spectroscopy nondestructive detection needs high-energy light source, so differences of diffuse transmittance spectra with different light intensity (600W, 1000W) were detected and effects of light intensity on spectra and calibration results were compared.

针对西瓜果皮较厚的特点，对去皮西瓜与带皮西瓜进行对比试验研究，发现果皮对光谱的影响主要集中在可见光部分(650-750nm)，对可溶性固形物含量采用偏最小二乘法进行分段建模并没有有效消除果皮的影响，对比研究去皮西瓜与完整西瓜光谱在650-950nm范围内的建模结果，完整西瓜二阶微分光谱校正模型相关系数r为0.949，RMSEC为0.292，去皮西瓜校正模型相关系数r为0.973，RMSEC为0.214，果皮对建模结果的影响并不严重，完整西瓜的建模结果可以满足检测要求； 5。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。