枕侧

Methods The pathway and position of gereater occipital nerve threading through the aponeurosis of tiapezius muscle and deep fascia,and the site being accident- prone to press were observed and measured on 20 adult specimens.

方法在20侧成人尸体头颈标本上，对枕大神经的行径、穿斜方肌腱膜和深筋膜以及易发生卡压的部位进行了解剖、观察和测量。

Side cuts frontal Dou Genzhi and bazoo to use vaseline yarn on add iodoform gauze ram, 48h takes out vaseline gauze, art hind begins the 5th day to take out iodoform gauze. The haemorrhage after 1.3 art and haemorrhage of the nasal cavity after treating art or ooze blood 56, bleed among them more serious, hind nostril has blood to pour out of 7, seasonable application puts pillow on the ice below close observation, fight infection, hemostatic reach tranquillizer.

上额窦根治和鼻侧切则采用凡士林纱条加碘仿纱条填塞，48h抽出凡士林纱条，术后第5天开始抽出碘仿纱条。1.3术后出血及治疗术后鼻腔出血或渗血56例，其中出血较严重、后鼻孔有鲜血流出7例，严密观察下及时应用冰枕、抗感染、止血及镇静剂。

Result:The two cases were all cured without lesion reoccurring by the end of following up period within 10 and 13 years.Conclusions:There is a close with congenital of chondroma.The clinical manifestation of chondroma in sinonasal and nasopharyngeal were complex.

结果：1例肿瘤位于均筛窦，破坏上颌窦内侧骨壁突向上颌窦腔及鼻腔；1例其基底位于以圆枕为中心的鼻咽侧壁，病理结果均诊断为软骨瘤，手术切除全部治愈，追踪分别10年和13年无复发。

We performed a C1 laminectomy and posterior occipitocervical fusion, which successfully relieved his symptoms.

我们行C1椎板切除术及后侧枕颈融合，成功的缓解了患者的症状。

Drilling of the jugular tuberculum is the key step for access to the central clival depression. Partial mastoidectomy can result in a significant increase in surgical freedom, but only a modest increase in the exposure of the central clival depression. Removal of total condyle and resection of the lateral mass of C1 could not increase the surgical freedom and exposure of the central clival depression.

磨除颈静脉结节为经FLA入路显露斜坡中央凹陷区的关键步骤；部分乳突切除可进一步改善操作空间，但未能显著增加斜坡中央凹陷区的显露；全切枕髁和侧块不能显著增加斜坡中央凹陷区的显露和操作空间。

Polymethyl methacrylate is the most used filling materials at present; There is not significant difference between unipedicular and bipedicular vertebroplasty; Using vertebral body venography and appropriate dense bone cement can reduce leakage of bone cement; Bolster for self-replacement can rebound vertebral body height, and balloon kyphoplasty and sky bone expander kyphoplasty can be avoided; In order to reduce refracture of vertebral body, anti-osteoporosis drugs should be used in the treatment of percutaneous vertebroplasty.

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯是目前最常用的填充物；单侧注射和双侧注射疗效没有明显差别；应用对比剂及掌握合适的骨水泥黏稠度可以减少骨水泥的渗漏率；成形前腰部垫枕自身复位可以恢复椎体的高度，避免采用操作复杂及价格昂贵的球囊后凸成形及骨膨胀椎体后凸成形；进行经皮椎体成形时应该配合应用抗骨质疏松药物，以减少椎体再骨折的发生。

The age of onset were 7 to 11 years old.Three patients revealed mental impairment and limbs weakness.Other symptoms included alalia,ataxia in three cases and visual and auditive disturbances in 2 case,One case had visual nerve atrophy and seizures.Testost in one case and 17-hydroxide steroid in another case were degressive.Cerebral biopsy in one case suggest lipide sediment.Testicle impairment in one case was found by ultrasonography.The cerebral magnetic resonance imaging of all the 4 patients showed the characteristic pattern of symmetrical long T1 and long T2 signal in the parieto-occipital region.

结果发病年龄7~11岁，均有智能下降、肢体无力，3例伴言语不清、共济失调，2例伴视听力下降，1例伴视神经萎缩、癫发作，血睾酮降低及血17-羟类固醇降低各1例，B超示双侧睾丸弥漫性病变、脑活检示类脂质沉积病各1例，4例磁共振均见双侧枕顶叶对称性蝶翼状长T1、长T2信号灶，可累及颞叶、内囊和脑干白质。

Supraperiosteal dissection was performed extending from the glabella anteriorly to the posterior lip of the foramen magnum posteriorly. craniotomies were performed to separate the bifrontal and biparietal-occipital frangments.

患儿采取改良的俯卧位，通过头皮冠状切口显露从眉间至枕骨大孔后唇的整个颅盖，切开颅骨分离双侧额骨和双侧顶-枕部骨块。

Head CT: Bilateral temporal/occipital, bilateral parietal, and right frontal hypodensities with extension across the splenium of the corpus callosum.

头部CT显示：双侧颞/枕叶，双侧顶叶和右侧额叶可见低密度影，并通过胼胝体压部延伸扩展，低密度影无强化，无占位效应。

Results During Chinese reading, the activated areas included bilateral motor area, subfrontal gyri, superior temporal gyri, and superior parietal lobule; during English reading, the activated areas were left motor area, left subfrontal gyrus, left supra temporal gyrus, left insula and bilateral cerebellum; and the Nepali task demonstrated the activation of left anterior central gyms, superior frontal gyms, superior temporal gyms.

结果：除负责视觉活动的枕叶为双侧激活，汉语任务主要激活了双侧额上回、额中回、中央前回、顶上小叶、颞上回及颞中回；英语任务主要激活了左侧额上回、中央前回、顶上小叶、颞上回、颞下回及小脑；尼泊尔语任务主要激活了左侧中央前回、额上回及颞上回。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。