构造的

Our results indicate that not only the poloidal convection patterns in uppermost mantle have good correlations to surface tectonic motion, but also the toroidal ones reveal important information of their horizontal motion and rotation for the first time. There is a SEE_NWW strong convection zone close to the equator in toroidal convection patterns, which probably correlates with the large_scale shear zone near the equator and is the deep dynamic background of strong earthquake occurrence in this zone. The opposite rotating large_scale convection rolls in the Southern and Northern hemispheres suggest that maybe there is differential rotation between them.

研究结果表明，不但地幔浅部的极型场对流图像显示出了与大地构造运动的相关性并揭示了其深部动力学过程，更重要的是，地幔浅部的环型场对流图像首次为我们认识和理解板块构造的水平与旋转运动提供了重要的信息：环型场速度剖面中在赤道附近存在一条大致南东东—北西西向的强对流条带，可能与环赤道附近大型剪切带的形成相关，进而表明可能是该带强震发生的深部动力学背景；在南北半球存在的旋转方向相反的对流环表明它们整体上可能存在差异旋转。

Rule-based and reusebased method is adapted in our system to develop applications. Rules are used to define geometric representation of geographic objects, spatial relationships among geographic objects and map design rules. Reusability is realized through object's inheritance and encapsulation. The basic function related to GIS has been implemented in OOGDB's basic class base. Application related function can be implemented in sub-classes of basic classes and some of basic class' function can even be overloaded.

GIS应用系统的开发采用基于规则和基于重用的方法进行，规则用于定义地理对象的几何表示和空间关系以及地图构造的规则等，重用是通过面向对象的继承和封装机制实现的，GIS实现了一个基本的类库，它完成基本的空间处理和操作，用户通过定义这些类的子类重用类库提供的功能，并增加与应用系统有关的特殊功能，用户甚至可以通过重载修改某些类库的功能。

If we consider this analogy , I think we can see that there is a rationale for our insistence on the importance of excusing conditions in criminal law that no form of determinism that I , at any rate, can construct could impugn : and this rationale seems to me superior at many points to the two main accounts or explanations which in Anglo .

如果我们考虑这种相似性，我认为，我们便可以明白，我们在刑法中坚持免责条件的重要性，有一个至少是我所能构造的任何形式的决定论都无从非难的理论基础。（我们便可以明白，在我们坚持刑法中的免责条件的重要性背后，存在着一个我所能构建的任何形式的决定论都无从非难的理论基础。

Some Thinking of Quantitative Study on Interaction between Explosive Charge and Rock: Because of the non-linear property and the variety of rock, the instantaneity of chemical action of explosive, the complexity of the dynamic process of the interaction between explosive and rock and the limitations of the observation measurements, the former research results mainly focused on the explanation and description to the apparent phenomena, and difficult to obtain the accurate and quantitative answers.

爆炸荷载与岩体相互作用定量化研究的几点思考：由于岩体自身的非均质性及各向异性和地质构造的多样性、炸药爆炸本身的化学反应的多变性和瞬时性、炸药与岩体相互作用的复杂性，加之爆破测试方法和仪器的局限性，使得以往的研究多沿用经典理论集中于表面现象的描述与解释，难以获得完整的、准确的和定量的解答，必须从一个全新的角度研究探索爆炸荷载与岩体相互作用的本质。

1:250000 geological mapping has further revealed the mysteries of the tectonics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The Altun Mountains are not of the Tarim massif, but a part of the Kunlun-Qilian-Qinling orogenic system; the Altun fault is a large transform fault; the Muztag-Maqên suture zone and Jinshajiang suture zone are both Variscan ones; the Songpan-Garzê area in the Triassic was a huge turbidite basin on the southern margin of Laurasia; the Gangdise belt underwent the important Indosinian orogenic movement; an ocean basin that persisted from the Paleozoic to Triassic did not exist, i.e. the so-called Paleo-Tethys or permanent Tethys was not in existence in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In the Paleozoic, most parts of China, including the Sino-Korean, Yangtze and Tarim massifs and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, were located in south of the main ocean basin—the Central Asian-Mongolian sea way—of the Paleo-Asia ocean, belonging to the northern margin of Gondwana. The Yarlung Zangbo and Bangong -Nujiang belts were twins in the Tethyan Ocean, which began to develop into two ocean rift belts in the Triassic. The Tethyan Ocean with the Yarlung Zangbo belt as the main ocean basin belt began to be subducted in the Late Triassic and experienced a process of pulsatory plate convergence orogeny including the Indosinian, Yanshanian and Himalayan stages.

1：25万地质填图进一步揭开了青藏高原地区大地构造的奥秘：阿尔金山是昆仑，祁连-秦岭造山系的一部分；阿尔金断裂确是一条大型转换断层；木孜塔格-玛沁缝合带和金沙江缝合带均是华力西缝合带；松潘甘孜三叠系沉积盆地是劳亚大陆南部边缘的浊积岩盆地；冈底斯带曾经历了重要的印支造山运动；不存在从古生代延续到三叠纪的大洋盆地，即不存在所谓古特提斯或永久特提斯；古生代时期，在青藏高原地区亦不存在具古生物，古地理分隔意义的大洋盆地，当时，包括中朝，扬子，塔里木以及青藏高原地区在内的中国大部分均位于古亚洲洋主洋盆——中亚-蒙古带之南，属冈瓦纳大陆结构复杂的北部边缘；雅鲁藏布江和班公湖-怒江带是特提斯洋中的孪生姊妹，它们均是从三叠纪起就发展成大洋裂谷带的；以雅鲁藏布江带为主洋盆带的特提斯洋，从三叠纪晚期开始消减，经历了印支，燕山，喜马拉雅3个阶段脉动式板块汇聚造山过程。

The results of numerical experiments, using the four-dimensional variational data assimilation system of the nonhydrostatic mesoscale model MM5, show that: the tangent linear model and adjoint model conducted by keeping the "on-off" switches the same as the basic state, can provide a good approximation of the first-order information to the NLM perturbation and a good descent direction for the minimization procedure; switching on and off at every other time step in the Kuo cumulus parameterization scheme don"t impact the convergence rate of cost function; the existence of the switches don"t impact improvement to the MM5 model rainfall prediction because that not only specific humidity ,but also wind, temperature and pressure are assimilated into the model.

非静力中尺度数值模式MM5的四维变分资料同化系统进行的数值试验结果表明："开关"变量保持与基态一致，所构造的切向线性模式能够提供关于非线性模式扰动的一阶近似，伴随模式所计算的梯度值能够为最小化过程提供较好的下降方向；郭氏降水参数化方案中对流每隔一个积分步的交替发生并不影响目标函数最小化的收敛速度；"开关"变量的存在也不影响将风、温度、气压和比湿结合起来同化对MM5降水预报准确性的提高。

Hierarchical Clustering of 6 sheep populations based on 17 quantity indexes including body measurements, ecological and morphological characters indicates that 6 sheep populations can be classified in two types: the first includes Mongolia sheep and Tan sheep distributed in husbandry area and the juncture of agriculture and husbandry area, the second includes Daweihan sheep , Xiaoweihan sheep , Tong sheep , Hu sheep distributed in agriculture area.

以概括体尺、形态、生态特征的17项数量指标为基础的6个群体的系统聚类表明：6个绵羊群体被划分为二大类，一类为牧区及农牧交错区的蒙古羊、滩羊，另一类为农区的大尾寒羊、小尾寒羊、同羊、湖羊。17项数量指标的主成分分析，用已构造的各群体的主成份值进行R型系统聚类，获得与前者类似结果。

These are the same concerns that accompany other large, decentralized, self-making systems

这些问题和其它的大型的分散化的自我构造的系统所存在的问题是一样的

These are the same concerns that accompany other large, decentralized, self-making systems

这些问题和其它的大型的去中心化的自我构造的系统所存在的问题是一样的

No matter what the historical evolvement is analyzed or the theoretical frame is established, all have an important purpose that they serve the realistic analysis for China. Chapter five and chapter six of the dissertation base themselves upon realistic constraint of China, probing respectively the establishment of the zero-coupon bond yield curve of China, and the measurement and management of interest rate risk in commercial bank of China, by using the theoretical frame established before.

无论是分析历史演变，还是构建理论框架，都有一个重要目的，就是服务于对中国的现实分析，论文的第五章和第六章都是立足于中国的现实约束，运用前面构造的理论框架，分别探索中国的零息票债券收益率曲线的构建和中国的商业银行利率风险的度量与管理。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。