构造上的

Based on the series expansion technology in complex potential theory established by Muskhelishvili the complex stress functions can be estabished. By utilizing the continuity principle of the boundary condition and the characteristics of far field and according to the comparison of the coefficients of the terms on both sides of the equation with the same exponent the present problem can be transformed into solving of linear equation set.

根据Muskhelishvili复势理论的级数展开技术，构造了合适的各区复应力函数；然后，利用边界上位移、力的连续性条件和远场的性态，通过等式两边同次幂指数的系数比较，将问题转化为线性方程组的求解；结合叠加原理，获得混凝土在此情况下环向应力的解析解答。

Our results indicate that not only the poloidal convection patterns in uppermost mantle have good correlations to surface tectonic motion, but also the toroidal ones reveal important information of their horizontal motion and rotation for the first time. There is a SEE_NWW strong convection zone close to the equator in toroidal convection patterns, which probably correlates with the large_scale shear zone near the equator and is the deep dynamic background of strong earthquake occurrence in this zone. The opposite rotating large_scale convection rolls in the Southern and Northern hemispheres suggest that maybe there is differential rotation between them.

研究结果表明，不但地幔浅部的极型场对流图像显示出了与大地构造运动的相关性并揭示了其深部动力学过程，更重要的是，地幔浅部的环型场对流图像首次为我们认识和理解板块构造的水平与旋转运动提供了重要的信息：环型场速度剖面中在赤道附近存在一条大致南东东—北西西向的强对流条带，可能与环赤道附近大型剪切带的形成相关，进而表明可能是该带强震发生的深部动力学背景；在南北半球存在的旋转方向相反的对流环表明它们整体上可能存在差异旋转。

In this paper, granularity in rough set theory is used to describe rules based on the concept of rough degree. A tool for knowledge dependent relation diagram is put forward. Then dimensional knowledge granularity decision space and the same construction mapping decision space based on multi-decision sorts is established, and decision algorithm based on KDRD and decision space is introduced. Finally, through combining with the technique of fault diagnosis, it is proved that the approach is very appropriate to the intelligent decision system.

本文利用粗糙集理论中的粗度概念，在对获取规则进行扩展性的粒度描述的基础上，提出了一种工具―知识依赖关系图，构造了n维知识粒度决策空间以及基于多决策类的同构映射决策空间，建立了基于KDRD和决策空间的决策算法，并结合机械故障诊断说明了本方法非常适于故障诊断等通过结论获取原因的智能决策系统。

Based on the analysis, we proposed an efficient deducible fault-finding method which could not only diagnose and repair the failures but also find out the relative branches influenced by the faults.

在增加Petri网标识的冗余度基础上，通过构造监督矩阵和冗余矩阵，提出了具有自校正能力的Petri网模型；给出了Petri网有效的递推寻错法，该方法不仅能够检测和纠正Petri网中出现的故障，而且可以给出实际对象网络中与故障相关的进程；利用不间断电源的Petri网模型验证了递推寻错法的正确性以及在实际应用中的可行性

An approximate formula of the deflection of a local damaged plate is given and can be realized to identify the damaged amount and locality. As an example, the damaged quadrangular plate with quadrilateral simple hinged restrain is analyzed and is given an analogous formula of its deflection.

另外，用有限元结构分析软件对含损伤的四边简支板进行计算的基础上，提出了一种带损伤板的位移等效模型，可以将对损伤位置及损伤程度的物性识别问题转变成对载荷大小及作用位置的构造识别问题进行处理，从而降低识别问题的非线性程度，提高识别能力，简化识别计算。

In this paper, a mathematical description of mutation operator and a concept of mutation function for the study of evolutionary programming and evolution strategies are proposed, and several methods and examples of constructing mutation operator with uniformly distributed random variables are presented.

进化算法是研究全局优化算法中最重要的随机算法之一，本文给出了进化规划和进化策略的变异算子的数学描述，并提出变异函数的概念，在此基础上，给出了用均匀分布的随机数构造变异算子的几种方法和若干例子。

In Chapter 2, starting from the basic fractional ordinary differential equations,weapply a high order approximation of fractional derivative advanced by Lubich to frac-tional differential equation, construct a high numerical difference scheme to solve thefractional differential equation, present error analysis of the algorithms theoretically,and prove the consistency ,convergency and stability.

接下来的第二章中，首先从基本的分数阶常微分方程出发，对Lubich提出的一个关于分数阶导数的高阶近似，将其应用于分数阶微分方程，构造高阶数值差分格式来进行分数阶微分方程的数值求解，并在理论上给出这一算法的误差分析，证明了它的相容性，收敛性和稳定性。

Based on summarized and analyzed the existing problems of the solution for scheduling RTRPMT and TFT, the author constructs a new heuristic function which adequately takes predecessor and successor relation among tasks into account, targeting that the direct successor of current running task is to be given the earliest time to be run.

针对实时分布系统中大量的相关周期性多任务，在分析、总结了前人对此类任务的调度算法解决方案所存在的问题基础上，构造了一种新的启发函数，该启发函数充分考虑了任务之间的前驱、后继关系，以当前任务的直接后继具有最早开始执行时间为目标。

For example, the Maximum Membership Function Principle is proposed in Chapter 2 on which the presently"scattered" ones among fuzzy mathematical operations for fuzzy control methods such as the acquisition of fuzzy relation, the composition of fuzzy relations and the fuzzy set projection algorithms can be unified to within a common theoretic frame; the geometric criterion for the redundant design parameters is developed for a class of fuzzy supervisory control algorithm in Chapter 4; such concepts as the metric equivalent distance between fuzzy rules are defined to realize the highly efficient reasoning process; consequently the strategy and algorithm for a dynamically commissioned fuzzy controller is given.

如在第二章中，提出了最大隶属度原则，从而将现有模糊控制方法中诸如模糊关系的获得、模糊关系的合成、模糊集的投影等"零碎"模糊数学运算统一到一个共同的理论框架之中；在第四章中，还针对一类模糊监督控制算法推导了其冗余设计参数的几何选取准则；为实现高效推理过程而定义了模糊规则间的距离当量等概念，在此基础上，提出了动态构造模糊控制器的策略和算法。

This paper studies the concept and key facts of the enterprises' autonomous technological innovation, then it constructs a model of the key factors' conduction mechanism according to the logic of the SCP structure, finally it analyses the innovation path of china's enterprises and suggests that under the resources constraint, the feasible solution of china's enterprises is congregating resources to capture the subdivide market, then taking this as the chance, realizing the transformation from partial breakthroughs to overall rising by technology accumulation.

本文在现有研究的基础上，研究了自主技术创新的概念及其关键因素，然后按照战略－行为－绩效的逻辑关系，构造了关键因素间的传导机制模型，对我国企业自主创新的路径进行分析，认为在资源约束下，我国企业的可行途径应是通过资源集聚，占领细分市场，保证技术和市场的良性互动，然后以此为契机，通过技术积累实现由局部突破向全面崛起转化。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。