构台

Based on the investigation and research on shield machine technology, and studying the hydraulic thrust control system of shield machine by reading, analyzing, summarizing lots of literatures and investigating at site. Referring to the simulation experiment platform of shield machine built by ZheJiang University and ShangHai Tunnel engineering corp., analyzing the work principle of the thrust hydraulic system and the thrust attitude control method of shield machine.

在对盾构技术充分调研的基础上，通过阅读、分析及综合大量文献和现场调研，参照浙江大学和上海隧道工程公司共建的盾构模拟实验台，分析了盾构液压推进系统工作原理及其掘进姿态控制的方法，对盾构液压推进控制系统进行了控制仿真研究。

Lightning strokes easily strike the steel weighing platform, causing damage to the sensor and the instrument. The concrete weighing platform is effective on lightning stroke resistance as it is of nonconductor.

钢构秤台易出现雷击现象，造成传感器和仪表损坏，给客户构成极大损失；而混凝土秤台则是非导电体，能有效防止雷击。

In the inviting bid of shielding equipments, in order to make sure the safety and reliability of constructions float control price took the place of low price in biding. After open bid, the four parts of Line 1 phrase 1 all adopted soil pressure balance shield and turbid shield equipments from Germany Herrenknecht Co.Ltd, and the first drivage shielding equipment was named "Innovation".

在盾构设备的招标上，为了充分保证施工安全和可靠，并没有提倡低价中标，而是设了投标控制价，通过公开招投标后，成都地铁1号线一期工程四个标段均采用德国海瑞克的土压平衡和泥水盾构，并将第一台掘进盾构命名为"创新号"。

HCG's TBM assembly workshop is capable of 12 TBMs with diameters more than 6.0 meters in a year. HCG assembles tunnelling systems which are individually adapted to the tunnelling projects and their specific geological and hydrological conditions. The product portfolio covers Hard Rock TBMs, Open-Face Shields, Earth Pressure Balance Shields and Mixshields for Traffic Tunnelling.

公司拥有现代化的隧道掘进机组装厂房，每年可以组装、调试或维修12台直径6米以上的隧道掘进机；根据不同的隧道工程项目以及每个施工地段的水文、地质条件，为客户提供度身定做的专用隧道掘进设备，包括硬岩掘进机，敞开护盾式掘进机，土压平衡盾构机和混合盾构机。

HCG's TBM assembly workshop is capable of 12 TBMs with diameters more than 6.0 meters in a year. HCG assembles tunnelling equipments which are individually adapted to the tunnelling projects and their specific geological and hydrological conditions. The product portfolio covers Hard Rock TBMs, Open-Face Shields, Earth Pressure Balance Shields and Mixshields for Traffic Tunnelling.

公司拥有现代化的隧道掘进机组装厂房，每年可以组装、调试或维修12台直径6米以上的隧道掘进机；根据不同的隧道工程项目以及每个施工地段的水文、地质条件，为客户提供度身定做的专用隧道掘进设备，包括硬岩掘进机，敞开护盾式掘进机，土压平衡盾构机和混合盾构机。

With the purposes to shorten development period of shield control system and avoid the unsafety of imperfect-designed control system when connected directly to the shield and at the same time, for the convenience of optimal design and remote failure diagnosing of the system, it is very important to develop a test bench for the shield control system.

为缩短盾构控制系统的研发周期，避免在控制系统设计不完善时直接与盾构联机所带来的不安全性，同时也为了便于系统的优化设计和系统的远程故障诊断，有必要研制盾构控制系统检测式验台。

In the inviting bid of shielding equipments, in order to make sure the safety and reliability of constructions float control price took the place of low price in biding. After open bid, the four parts of Line 1 phrase 1 all adopted soil pressure balance shield and turbid shield equipments from Germany Herrenknecht Co.Ltd, and the first drivage shielding equipment was named "Innovation".

在盾构设备的招标上，为了充分保证施工安全和可靠，并没有提倡低价中标，而是设了投标控制价，通过公开招投标后，成都地铁1号线一期工程四个标段均采用德国海瑞克的土压平衡和泥水盾构，并将第一台掘进盾构命名为&创新号&。

Based on the results of the large-size shaking table test of a subway station structure built in liquable site,considering the influence of the soil-structure nonlinear dynamic interaction by 2D finite element methods,the seismic responses of the soil- subway station structure system under different test conditions are analyzed by using ABAQUS software.

根据可液化土层上土-地铁车站结构动力相互作用大型振动台模型试验结果，以软件ABAQUS为平台，将地基土-地铁车站结构体系视为平面应变问题，采用记忆型嵌套面黏塑性动力本构模型模拟土体的动力特性，采用混凝土动塑性损伤模型模拟车站结构混凝土的动力特性，建立了土-地铁车站结构非线性动力相互作用的有限元分析模型，对各种试验工况下地基土-地铁车站结构体系的地震反应进行了数值模拟，并与试验结果进行了对比，结果表明：数值模拟与振动台模型试验结果基本一致，体现出了相似的规律性，相互印证了计算分析的力学建模和振动台试验结果的正确性。

We are the only company to master techniques of shield tunneling in petroleum and petrochemical fields. We have 3 sets of slurry balanced shield tunneling machine produced by Germany with world advanced technology, including 1 set of 2440mm inner diameter and 2 sets of 3000mm inner diameter, with total value of RMB113 million. We have the ability of construction in various complicated ground condition and annual completed tunnel will be more than 6km.

公司是石油、石化行业唯一掌握盾构施工技术的企业，拥有代表世界先进水平的德产泥水平衡式盾构机3台，其中1台内径为2.44米，2台内径为3米，总价值 1.13亿元，具备驾驭各种复杂地质条件的施工能力，每年可完成隧道盾构6公里。

In studies of interaction among pile, platform that above it and surrounding soil, this paper employ the concept of plate element to simulate the loading character of platform, and employ the concept of solid element to simulate the character of pile and soil, using the finite element method after understanding the geometry properties of pile, soil and the platform. Analyzing the loading properties of the three entities above and their deformation, this paper also employ a special element, Penalty Element. The introduction of penalty element of this kind has served to guarantee the join harmony of displacement between solid element and plate element, thereby effectively resolving the join problem between platforms, pile that support it and surrounding soil.Considering significant property difference between pile material and its surrounding soil, there may be much shear stress on their contact interface produced under vertical load, thus causing displacement or fission. Therefore it is necessary to adopt one special constitutive law of this kind of contact interface, which can reflect its feature of loading and deformation thoroughly. On the basis of the deformation feature and constitutive laws of some contact interface obtained by Zhang Dongji and people concerned through some single-shear experiments on contact interface between structure and soil, this paper employ one pile-soil three-dimensional constant thickness contact interface model to simulate the " slide" taken place on the interface between pile and its surrounding soil. With this kind model, this paper has also created one finite element model, which can be applied to perform finite element calculation and analyze the pile-loading feature, and deduced its element stiffness matrix.

在承台-桩-土共同作用中，考虑桩与承台的几何特性，采用有限元方法，用实体单元模拟桩土，用板单元模拟承台，更具体地分析桩和承台的受力特性和变形，而且还采用罚单元—既实体单元与板单元之间连接必须满足变形协调条件，来有效地解决了承台与桩土的连接问题，且在桩土共同作用中，由于桩体结构的材料性能与周围土层性质相差较大，在竖向荷载下有可能在其接触面上产生较大的剪应力从而导致错动或开裂，因此，为了充分反映桩土接触面上的受力及变形特征，应采用一种桩土接触面特有的本构关系，即利用张冬霁等人关于结构与土体接触面单剪试验所得到的接触面变形特征及其本构关系，引入桩-土三维等厚度接触单元来模拟桩与桩侧土之间的&滑移&，在此基础上建立可用于桩基承载性状分析的有限元计算单元模型，并推导出了各单元的刚度矩阵。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。