极限点

We obtain that if any 〓 is discrete or elementaryand 〓 satisfies Condition A,then the algebraic limit G of group sequence 〓is discrete or elementary.

首先，我们不再仅仅考虑离散非初等群集〓的代数极限G，而是离散群或初等群群集〓的代数极限G，我们对〓上〓变换群中斜驶元及其不动点进行了细致研究，注意到任意一个斜驶元存在一个仅仅含有斜驶元的领域，从而证明了初等群群集〓的代数极限G仍然是初等群，进而我们得到了一个代数收敛定理：如果任一〓是离散群或者初等群并且〓满足条件A，那么，群列〓的代数极限G一定是离散群或者初等群。

This paper introduces the Taylor formula of one dollar and multi-definition, then the proof of the value from the formula, respectively, that inequality in the value of derivatives is estimated that about industry estimates, demand infinity limit, the median point of the limit function limits, approximation, function equations and so on Taylor formula to do the induction.

本文首先介绍了一元和多元泰勒公式的定义，然后分别从证明中值公式，证明不等式，导数的中值估计，关于界的估计，求无穷远处的极限，中值点的极限，函数的极限，近似计算，函数方程中的应用等方面对泰勒公式的应用做了归纳。

Using the recursive formula and computer algebra system-Mathematica, the first six singular point values at infinity of the system are given.

对一类三次系统给出了计算无穷远点奇点量的递推公式，并在计算机上用计算机代数系统Mathematica推导出该系统无穷远点的前6个奇点量，进而导出了无穷远点成为中心和最高阶细焦点的条件，在此基础上得到了一个三次系统在无穷远点分支出6个极限环的实例，指出了极限环的精确位置。

In the region upstream of vortex breakdown, the sectional streamlines emanating from the leading edge spiral inward to primary vortex and in the region downstream of the breakdown, on the other hand, the streamlines separating from the leading edge are not entrained into the vortex core in the instantaneous sense. Along the axis, the topology of the primary vortex alters several times starting from stable focus near the apex to unstable focus, and lasts back to stable focus near wake edge, the stable hmit cycle and unstable limit cycle are shown in this evolution.

发现在截面流线谱中，即使奇点的类型、数目及位置相同，奇点的连接方式也有可能不同；旋涡破裂点前，主涡由来自前缘的力线卷绕而成，主涡焦点与前缘半鞍点相连，旋涡破裂后，来自前缘的力线不再卷入主涡，主涡焦点与对称面上的鞍点相连：在流体由翼尖流向后缘的过程中，截面流线谱的拓扑结构发生了多次变化，主涡焦点相继由稳定状态转变为不稳定状态，最后又转化为稳定状态，并先后出现了稳定的极限环及不稳定极限环。

The necessary and sufficient conditions for convergent of characteristic domain and the conditions for tangent plane continuity are obtained. The conditions for having limited value of the second order of differential at the convergent point are shown as well.

给出了任一特征域收敛的充要条件；给出了曲面在任一极限收敛点上达到一阶几何连续的条件；分析了极限收敛点处的二阶连续，给出了二阶导数有界的条件。

In each step the tangent plane of limit state surface at the previous iterative point is calculated firstly, and then a line from origin to a point on the plane is determined whose intersection with limit state surface satisfies the requirement of feasible direction and convergence.

算法在每步迭代中先计算极限状态曲面在前步迭代点处的切平面，然后在此切平面上选定一个点，使该点和原点的连线与极限状态曲面的交点满足可行方向和收敛的要求。

Unlike the conventional indirect method, it can directly implement the generator field and armature current limits accurately, thereby assuring power flow convergence and voltage collapse point identification during tracing the PV curve when generator limits constraints are considered. The critical limit constraint equation is introduced in the corrective stage of the continuation method as the additional equation to solve the limit induced bifurcation point accurately.

给出新的发电机电流极限约束的直接处理算法，解决了计及发电机电流约束时，潮流难于收敛和不易精确求出电压崩溃点的问题；对不易精确求得的极限诱导分岔点，通过在连续潮流法的校正步骤中将关键的极限约束方程作为附加方程来快速而精确地求解。

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This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。