极限情况

Based on the comprehensive analysis of second-order effect of sway and no-sway frame, the ultimate curvature adopted in the column's eccentricity curvature formula is not corresponding to the flame sway moment caused by the P-Δ effect in Europe and Our country's RC structure code.

在对&有侧移&和&无侧移&框架二阶效应规律进行了较充分、较全面分析的基础上，首先明确指出了欧共体国家和我国混凝土结构设计多年来使用的柱偏心距曲率表达法在&有侧移&框架情况下存在的最大问题是所采用的&极限曲率&与实际形成P-Δ效应的引起框架侧移的截面弯矩不相呼应。

A calculating method of ultimate bearing capacity of soil on the blade edge of extra caissons was presented in accordance of construction properties in this paper.

本文首先系统分析了沉井施工过程受力情况，并针对沉井的施工特点，提出了刃脚踏面极限承载力的计算方法。

For the gas of 2D dilaton black holes,there existsa critical temperature.

我们推广了他们的研究至二维dilaton黑洞和2+1维黑洞情况，发现不仅微正则系综而且正则系综均可以描述这两个体系，对于二维dilaton黑洞体系还存在一个极限温度。

According to these results we discuss the approximate analytical expressions for the spectra of one-atom and two-atom mazers, respectively.

首先，我们建立了多原子微激射器模型，推导出了腔场主方程和光谱的本征值表示，并且在超冷原子极限下对单原子与二原子情况作了解析讨论，从理论上分析了它们之间差异。

The large differences are near the limit load where more shear forces are transferred to the stirrups.

大的差异是近极限载荷的情况下更多的剪切力都转移到制造的马镫。

Using Field single ignition experiments of the four unconfined volume dispersion and small dosage solid FAE and TNT bombs experiments, we got the peak overpressures of solid FAE at different distances. Compared with TNT, The overpressure of FAE is 1.14~1.6 times higher than that of the TNT. Based on the theory of the air shock wave overpressure, the FAE relativity TNT mass is evaluated. At the edge of the explosive field, the number is 3.88. Pictures of high speed photography indicate that the duration and the most effect area of the FAE and TNT. Compared with TNT, obviously the FAE has more advantages. And, based on the theory of the critical concentration of dust explosion, the radius of dust explosive zone is evaluated. The phenomenon that the overpressure decays rapidly with distance is analyzed. It is suggested that the explosive temperature should be increased as the main approach to improve the FAE explosive capability in the condition when the over pressure is invariable.

通过四组无约束固态燃料空气炸药装置与等质量的TNT在野外开放空间的一次起爆对比实验，测得了不同配方组份FAE装置在不同距离的爆炸超压分布，FAE装置峰值超压比相同距离的TNT高1.14-1.6倍；并运用空气冲击波峰值超压公式计算出了FAE的等效爆炸TNT当量随距离的变化关系，在爆炸场边缘区，FAE装置爆炸当量达到了3.88倍TNT当量；通过高速摄影的图片得到了爆炸产生火球的持续时间和最大作用范围，与等质量TNT爆炸火球相比，FAE的优势明显；运用粉尘爆炸下极限浓度估算了云雾爆轰区半径，并分析了测量到的固态FAE爆炸场的压力分布单调衰减的原因；建议在保持超压不变的情况下，把提高爆温作为提高FAE爆炸性能的主要途径。

Recently, with the development of string theory, the effects of space-time noncommutativity are found as very important property when one studies the low energy effective theory of D-brane with B field background.

近年来，在对弦理论的研究中，人们发现时空的非对易特性是D－膜动力学在恒电磁场存在情况下低能极限的重要性质。

The distributions of stresses and strains on the section of strengthened beam are analyzed. The different formulas for the calculation of internal forces of section are deduced according to the different development stages of strain and a flow diagram for the calculation is established. With the program based on the diagram, the internal forces and some relevant parameters of the strengthened beams are calculated and the main factors which affect the ultimate bearing capacity of the beams are discussed.

分析中，着重研究了加固梁的截面应力、应变分布特点及可能出现的变化情况，给出了截面应力合力的计算公式并给出了计算框图，依据框图编程对影响加固梁正截面承载力的相关变化参量进行了计算分析并对影响极限承载力的主要因素进行了分析讨论。

Results showed that the errors of ultimate capacity obtained under the above three conditions were within 2 %, but the slip line fields were quite different.

结果表明，上述3种情况下得到的极限荷载的误差为2%，但滑移线场与理论解有较大差异。

First of all, this paper analyzes the distributing situation of sectional temperature of two steel frame models within an hour utilizing the transient thermal analyse module of ANSYS;Secondly, carries on the failure analysis to two steel frame models at high temperature and obtains the fire-resistant limit and critical temperature of steel frame, utilizing the static nonlinear analyse module of ANSYS and considering the influence of geometry nonlinearity and material nonlinearity; Finally, according to the fire-protection designing requirement of structure, deduce a method to computer the thickness of fireprotection layer for steel structure and ask out the thickness of fireprotection layer of two steel frame models according to this method .

首先，利用ANSYS瞬态热分析模块，分析出两个钢框架模型在一小时内钢框架的截面温度场分布情况；其次，利用ANSYS静力非线性分析模块，综合考虑几何非线性及材料非线性影响，对钢框架模型在高温下进行失效分析，分析出两个钢框架的耐火极限及临界温度；最后，根据结构防火设计要求，推导出一种钢结构防火层保护厚度的计算方法，并据此方法求出两个钢框架模型的防火层厚度。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。