极限

Based on Berezantzer s question for the ultimate bearing capacity of circular foundation and quoting from the theory answer for the ultimate resistance to the soil sliding around a pile,the theory formula of the ultimate bearing capacity increment of the soil under a strip cap with sparse piles due to the resist and strengthenning action of piles is deduced in this paper.

课题的基础上，引用滑动土体绕过桩时所遇到的极限阻滑力的理论解答，导出了复合桩基圆形承台下地基土极限承载力由于桩的遮拦加强作用而提高的理论公式，并给出相应的计算图表。

The primary studying works and characteristics:1 To summarize reinforcing theory of cement mixing pile composite foundation2 To analyze the primary mechanics characters and changing rules of cement mixing pile, based on analysis of test data both indoor and outdoor.3 To discuss siding frictional resistance, ending resistance, ultimate bearing capacity of simple mixing pile and effectiveness factor of grouped piles, loading ratio of soil between piles under cushion cap of grouped piles and stress ratio of pile and soil and so on, and use many computation method and experimentation method to ensure bearing capacity of mixing piles composite foundation.4 To point out and analyze eight sides flaws and problems of the bearing capacity calculation method of mixing pile compositefoundation which ensured by national and normative method/ formula.5 To apply test results of loading tests and a few settlement observation data, use gray theory to predicate ultimate bearing capacity of deep mixing piles, actual example demonstrate engaging between theoretical predicted value and actual value.6 To apply groovy layerwise summation method to discuss entity piles method, double foundation method, equivalent layerwise summation method and consolidation theoretical method and so on, especially by combination of engineering example, use FEM to calculate or discuss the settlement and changing rules of composite foundation.7 To discuss problems of critical length of composite foundation by combination of engineering example and numerical analysis method, and analyze the contrast of critical length between simple pile load and most area load of composite foundation, not only critical length of composite foundation is relative to modulus ratio between piles and soil, but also upside load distribution area of composite foundation.

主要的研究工作与特色为：(1)总结了水泥搅拌桩复合地基的加固原理；(2)在对室内外试验资料进行统计分析的基础上，系统分析了搅拌桩水泥土的主要力学特性及其变化规律；(3)探讨了搅拌单桩的侧摩阻力、端阻力、极限承载力及群桩效率系数、群桩承台下桩间土荷载分担比及桩土应力比等，提出用多种计算方法并结合试验方法来综合确定搅拌桩复合地基的承载力；(4)明确指出和分析了按国家有关规范的方法确定搅拌桩复合地基承载力所存在的八个方面的缺陷与问题；(5)利用过去没有加载至破坏阶段的载荷试验成果和较少的沉降观测数据，尝试了用灰色理论预测深层搅拌桩的极限承载力，实例表明理论预测值与实测值吻合较好；(6)在常规分层总和法的基础上，探讨了复合地基沉降计算的实体墩基法、双层地基法、等效作用分层总和法、固结理论法等，特别是结合工程实例，用有限元数值计算等方法计算和讨论了搅拌桩复合地基的沉降及其变化规律；(7)结合工程实例，用数值分析方法探讨了复合地基临界桩长的问题，指出和分析了单桩荷载下的临界桩长与复合地基大面积荷载下的临界桩长存在很大的差别，复合地基的临界桩长不仅与桩土模量比有关，而且与复合地基上部荷载分布面积有关。

On this basis, the upper-limit solution calculation formula of ultimate bearing capacity gotten by limit analysis theory is modified.

在此基础上，对由传统极限分析方法得到的底板极限承载能力上限解的计算公式进行了合理的修正。

The forming limit stress diagram relates only to the stress state of instability, and the forming limit stress diagram calculated by linear strain path can be used sheets stamping forming under complex strain paths in the capacity of fracture criterion.

成形极限图与应变路径有关，因此在线性应变路径下制作的成形极限图不能直接应用于复杂应变路径。

Our results show that the rate of correlation among the random variables of those output sequences are low although they are not independent; in addition, the output sequences of those combined generators are homogeneous Markov chains which are strictly stationary processes with ergodicity; the output sequences of those combined generators are also proved to summit to the strong law of large numbers and the central limit theorem; finally the computation formula of the rate of the accordance between the output sequences and input sequences of those combined generators is given.

我们的研究结论表明：虽然这些序列中随机变量之间不具有相互独立性，但它们的相关程度却比较低；证明了"停走"生成器，KM_1M_2型组合生成器和加法型组合生成器的概率模型输出序列都是强平稳的和遍历的齐次马氏链；讨论了这些序列的概率极限性质，证明了它们均服从强大数定律和中心极限定理；还分别给出了各类生成器的输出序列与输入序列之间的符合率的计算公式。

The theoretical analysis are verified by numerical simulations.Chapter 3 mainly considers a class of predator-prey model with sublinear functional response function. We deduce some sufficient conditions ensuring stability of equilibrium, nonexistence , existence as well as uniqueness of the limit cycle around the positive equilibrium.

第3章研究了一类食饵为线性密度制约，功能反应函数为次线性函数的食饵-捕食者模型，完整地对模型的平衡点的全局稳定性和极限环的存在惟一性进行了定性分析，得到了该系统不存在闭轨线，正平衡点全局稳定和存在惟一稳定的极限环的充分条件。

We get the sufficient condition for the limit method to be symplectic by use of thedefinition of symplectic transformation.

波形松弛方法将最终收敛于一极限方法，我们自然要保证此极限方法是辛的。

The necessary and sufficient conditions for convergent of characteristic domain and the conditions for tangent plane continuity are obtained. The conditions for having limited value of the second order of differential at the convergent point are shown as well.

给出了任一特征域收敛的充要条件；给出了曲面在任一极限收敛点上达到一阶几何连续的条件；分析了极限收敛点处的二阶连续，给出了二阶导数有界的条件。

In each step the tangent plane of limit state surface at the previous iterative point is calculated firstly, and then a line from origin to a point on the plane is determined whose intersection with limit state surface satisfies the requirement of feasible direction and convergence.

算法在每步迭代中先计算极限状态曲面在前步迭代点处的切平面，然后在此切平面上选定一个点，使该点和原点的连线与极限状态曲面的交点满足可行方向和收敛的要求。

In this paper, thermograph method which has merits such as accuracy, short time, convenience and economy is applied to determine the fatigue limit of 45# steel from the temperature change, and the heat generation mechanism that resulted in temperature change during the fatigue was researched on.

文中利用具有准确、快速、便捷、低成本等优点的红外热像仪测量了45#钢疲劳过程中的温度变化，对疲劳过程中引起温升的机制进行了探讨，通过对试验数据的分析，实测值在疲劳极限估算值范围内，快速确定了45#钢的疲劳极限。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。