极小值

In this research, the ~ and F2 of the crosses between a natural mutant 慪34?with super-minute grain and 慪38?with super-large grain,慡huhui 881擲huhui 527?with middle grain size were carried out to study the inheritance of the grain shape (grain length, grain width, grain thickness and grain length/width ratio) and 1000-grain weight. The main results are summarized as below:? The F1 grain length, grain width, grain thickness and 1000-grain weight of three crosses were lay between the two parents and tended to Y34, which indicated that those grain traits were all governed by the dominant effect of Y34 and influenced by both female and male parents. The differences of F1 grain length, grain width, grain thickness and 1000-grain weight of positive and negative crosses between Y38 and Y34 indicated the existence of cytogene effects.? The broad heritabilities of major grain traits were calculated.

本研究利用一份水稻极小粒自然突变材料Y34与一份水稻极大粒材料Y38、两份常规籽粒大小材料蜀恢881、蜀恢527的杂交F_1及F_2，对主要粒形性状（粒长、粒宽、粒厚、长宽比）及千粒重进行了遗传研究，根据遗传研究的结果利用微卫星标记结合F_2群分法对控制Y34短粒性状基因进行了分子标记定位，主要结果如下：●各组合F_1粒长、粒宽、粒厚和千粒重介于双亲之间且明显偏向于小值亲本 Y34，这表明粒长、粒宽、粒厚和千粒重均主要受小值亲本显性基因的控制并同时也受大值亲本核基因的影响。Y34与Y38正反交F_1在粒长、粒宽、粒厚、千粒重等性状上存在差异，表明存在细胞质效应。

In chapter 2, we define a new operator—the minimal operator on martingale space, it's well known that the maximal operator controls where given martingale f is large, intuitively, we say that the minimal operator controls where a martingale is small.

第二章引入了鞅空间上极小算子mf的概念，众所周知，极大算子可以控制一个"较大"的鞅，那么形象地说，极小算子就是用来控制那些"较小"的鞅，因此，在研究关于极小算子的加权不等式时，很自然地要估计诸如〓，log mf等算子的值。

In the conclusion, I argue that the maximin rule is the best rational strategy in the situation of the choice under uncertainty, and I also hold that the maximin rule indeed leads us to Rawls's difference principle, and to accept the difference principle as the principle of distributive justice regulating the basic structure of society.

在结论上我支持最小值极大化规则作为在不确定抉择环境下的最理性策略，并且我认为依循最小值极大化规则，我们将会选择罗尔斯的差异原则作为应用於社会基本结构上的正义原则。

The three groups were loaded and analyzed under the same loading according to the mean value of the bite force of incisors. RESULTS:(1)The maximum stress of dentin in group A was twice higher than that in group B. The maximum primary stress, minimum primary stress and maximum shear stress of group A were respectively 236.35, 228.83 and 218.05 percent of those in group B. The difference of maximum stress values of group B and group C was neglectable.(2) The maximum stress distribution of dentin in group A and group B was quite different (the stress was concentrated in labial and lingual side of the cervical dentin in group A, otherwise in group B it was concentrated in the area around the alveolar and the labial and lingual side of the dentin which was opposite to the tip of the cast metal post and core). The maximum stress distribution of dentin in group A and group B was almost the same.

结果：(1)从牙本质的应力大小来看，A组中牙本质最大应力值比B组中牙本质最大应力值增大了1倍以上（最大主应力、最小主应力和最大剪切应力A组分别是B组的236.35%、228.83%和218.05%），而B组与C组的牙本质最大应力值相差极小；(2)从牙本质的应力分布位置来看，A组与B组的牙本质最大应力分布位置相差甚远（A组主要集中在牙颈部唇舌侧肩台部的牙本质上，B组主要集中于牙槽嵴顶附近及铸造桩核尾端相对应的唇舌侧的牙本质上），而B组与C组的牙本质最大应力分布几乎在同一位置。

However, the quasi-human method can give us good strategies for jumping out of a trap of local minimum with the help of human beings\' behavior and experiences.A new 3-dimensional real Euclid model is proposed for the protein structure prediction problem. Then a quasi-physical method based on corresponding physical model is presented to solve the relevant mathematical problem.

拟物方法将原始问题落实为优化问题，而在用数学方法求解优化问题时，常常会碰到计算落入目标函数局部极小值陷阱的困境，如何从这种困境中逃逸出来，使得计算奔向前景更好的区域，拟物方法则无能为力，而应用拟人方法则可以设计出好的&跳出陷阱&的策略。

At experimental equilibrium volume, the total energy of CaTiO〓 increased with the displacement of Ti along [001] direction and the lowest energy point is always at zero displacement of Ti. However, with a 10% volume expansion, the displacement of Ti along [001] direction results in a shallow, but well-defined double energy well and ferroelectricity appears.

钛酸钙在实验晶胞体积下，钛离子沿[001]方向的位移不会引起总能量的降低，当体积膨胀10％时，钛离子的位移会引起系统的总能量的降低，在一定的位移时总能量呈现极小值，即出现铁电性。

Secondly, in a more generalized framestructrue--lattice-ordered monoids,the notion of lattice-valued Mealy-type automata is introduced,we traverse some algebraic properties of this automata and investigate the congruences and homomorphisms of this type automata.Our main results indicate that the algebraic properties of lattice-valued Mealy-type automata have Close links to the algebraic properties of lattice-ordered monoids which automata take values in.Futhermore we study the minimization of lattice-valued Mealy-type automata and provide an algorithm to achieve the minimal lattice-valued Mealy-type automata within finite steps.

其次，在更一般的框架—格半群意义下，提出具有输入和输出字符的自动机——格值Mealy自动机的概念，从代数角度出发较详细地研究了此类自动机具有的性质，同时研究了此类自动机的同余和同态，揭示了此类自动机的代数性质和格半群的紧密联系，最终研究了格值Mealy自动机的极小化问题，并给出了在有限步可实现此极小化的算法。

The hardness and prolongation reach to the extrema , while the better working performance of the composite can be obtained.

在变形率为16％时，硬度和延伸率都呈极小值，此时材料的加工性能较好。

The result shows that the curve has a minimal energy of -67.160922 a.u. at R = 4.77 a0, which means that the Li9 cluster may be formed stably in the body-centred cubic structure.

结果显示曲线在R = 4.77 a0处有一极小值-67.160922 a.u。，这表明Li9团簇的体心立方结构是可能稳定存在的。

Occurs at a separation of 1.14a0 between the nucleus at the center and nuclei at the apexes. Therefore the binding energy of 0.5202 a.u. for this structure has been got.

结果表明，当中心原子核与四个顶角原子核间距离为1.14a_0时，体系能量有一极小值-13.9106a.u。，从而得到其结合能为

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。