极值点

The results also show that subtituent position on the benzene ring has a great influence on the transfer volume. The trends of change of δ〓ΔΦ〓〓 for mand p-isometers with the composition of the mixed solvent are similar. However, the position and amplitude of the limit valve are different from each other. These are discussed according to the inductive effect and the resonance effect.

研究发现：取代基在苯环上的取代位置对迁移偏摩尔体积有明显影响，间、对位取代的异构体在DMF-水混合溶剂中的δ〓Δφ〓〓随混合溶剂的组成变化规律相似，但极值点的位置及幅度有所不同，根据诱导效应和共轭效应对此进行了讨论。

In chapter 5,a knowledge-based correction term for the objective function of parameter estimation is proposed.The relationship between the function extreme points of state estimatin and parameter estimation is deduced.A strategy of projecting the parameter objective function from the augmented solution space to the parameter space is proposed and proved.

第五章分析了电力系统状态估计和参数估计的理论依据并指出传统解法的不足，提出基于经验知识的参数估计目标函数修正项，推导了状态估计和参数估计目标函数极值点的关系，由此提出并证明了新的基于垂直投影的估计策略。

Unfortunately, the achieved nonlinear analysis techniques are only workable for tracing the equilibrium path of limit point types.

目前的结构非线性稳定分析技术大多对极值点失稳型问题较为有效，但对分枝点失稳型问题则困难较多。

Particle swarm optimization algorithm is easy to be trapped into local minima in optimizing multimodal function.

针对利用粒子群优化算法进行多极值点函数优化时，存在陷入局部极小点和搜寻效率低的问题。

While the experimental side force distribution over a slender body with a blunt ogive nose is basically consistent with the curve of the analogy predicted, and the characteristic points and half cycle of the experimental curve are basically constant with the roll angle changing 360°. But the local maximums in the curve are not the results as the analogy predicted, which is an important flow feature of 3-D slender body than that of 2-D cylinder.

而钝头拱形细长体在大迎角下的截面侧向力分布与脉冲起动横流比拟方法预测的侧向力曲线的形状是基本相同的，而且随着滚转角旋转360°，截面侧向力分布曲线的特征点和半周期基本保持不变，即它们都基本上不受滚转角变化的影响；但是截面侧向力分布曲线极值点形成的原因却是不同的，这是细长体绕流区别于二维圆柱绕流的一个重要特性。

According to the characteristic that the definition point of the Q matrix of wave front is always located on the extremum point on the axis of the beam, a three-dimensional formula for the rectificative factor of phase in complex ray paraxial approximation is proposed, which calculates the rectificative factor of phase directly without considering the calculation of the main directions and curvatures and the rotation of the coordinates, thus simplifying the paraxial approximation calculation by the complex ray expansion method.

根据波前Q矩阵的定义点总位于波束轴上极值点的特点，提出了三维复射线近轴近似相位校正因子计算公式。该公式不用考虑主方向和主曲率的计算和坐标旋转，直接计算相位校正因子，从而简化了复射线展开法的近轴近似计算。

Delaunay triangulation has been used to partition the selected extrema, then replaces the pixels that not contained in the Delaunay polygon through symmetry principle, which can restrain the variance phenomenon that appeared in the cubic spline interpolation.

利用Delaunay三角剖分方法对选取的极值点进行分划，对不包含在Delaunay多边形内的边界像素采用对称处理，抑制了3次样条插值过程中边界点变异现象。

The smaller bismuth ruthenate partical is, sheet resistivity is lower and temperature coefficient of resistance is more positive and the refiring change ratio is nearer to zero.

铅硼硅玻璃粉体平均粒径对厚膜电阻的性能影响有一极值点，约为1.51μm，在该点处膜层的方阻值最小，电阻温度系数绝对值最小，重烧变化率最接近零值。

This method can detect the exact glottal closure time by extracting the local maxima in the weighted sum of wavelet transform coefficients in three scales.

通过提取三个尺度空间小波变换系数加权和的局部极值点，该算法能够获得突变点的准确位置。

The effects of frequency veering features on mode localization of the mistuned system were analyzed with L. It is shown that the distance between the frequency veering curves at nodal diameters is a key parameter, and it exists a minimum value for the parameter, around which blade modes are very sensitive to mistuning, and can result in dramatic fluctuation of the mode localization degree.

研究表明，频率转向曲线之间关于节径的最小间隙是反映频率转向特征的重要参数，并存在一个转向频率间隙的极小值点，在该极值点附近，频率转向区内的模态对叶片失谐非常敏感，并会导致模态局部化程度剧烈变化。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。