松果体的

In order to study the circadian changes of activity of the pineal organ, long-term recording was performed from light-sensitive ganglion cells of the frog's epiphysis cerebri responding inhibitory to light.

为了研究青蛙松果体的昼夜节律，本实验采用细胞外连续记录，研究了松果体内对光产生抑制反应的光敏神经节细胞放电的昼夜节律变化。

Results ①Compared to sham group, ISH and IHC of rat hypothalamic CRHshow positive cells numbers increase, positive areas enlarge and average gray scaledecreases, which reveals the expression of hypothalamic CRH neurons enhances afterPX;②The enhancement of ISH and IHC of hypothalamic CRH in PX rats aftermelatonin supplementation dose-dependently recovers, but it can't return to be normaleither in high dose group or in low dose group and either at 4th week or at 8th week;③IHC of CRH in median eminence of neurohypophysis shows positive areas enlargeand average gray scale decreases, which reveals the releasing of CRH fromhypothalamic CRH neurons increases;④ELISA of CRH in serum shows thedifferences of CRH concentrations among all groups are not significant, which indicates PX and melatonin supplementation have no significant effect on CRH levels.

结果： ①松果体摘除后大鼠下丘脑室旁核CRH 原位杂交和免疫组化的结果与假手术对照组相比均显示阳性细胞数增多、阳性面积增加、平均灰度降低，提示松果体摘除后下丘脑CRH 神经元的表达增强；②松果体摘除大鼠补充褪黑素后，下丘脑CRH 原位杂交和免疫组化染色增强呈剂量依赖性恢复，不过不论是低剂量组还是高剂量组，也不论是术后4 周还是术后8周，均不能恢复至正常；③松果体摘除后神经垂体正中隆起CRH 免疫组化结果显示阳性面积增加、平均灰度降低，提示下丘脑CRH 神经元释放CRH 增加；④ELISA 法检测血清CRH结果示各组血清CRH 浓度差异没有显著性，表明松果体摘除及补充褪黑素对血清CRH 水平没有显著影响。

Results ①Compared to sham group, ISH and IHC of rat hypothalamic CRHshow positive cells numbers increase, positive areas enlarge and average gray scaledecreases, which reveals the expression of hypothalamic CRH neurons enhances afterPX;②The enhancement of ISH and IHC of hypothalamic CRH in PX rats aftermelatonin supplementation dose-dependently recovers, but it can't return to be normaleither in high dose group or in low dose group and either at 4th week or at 8th week;③IHC of CRH in median eminence of neurohypophysis shows positive areas enlargeand average gray scale decreases, which reveals the releasing of CRH fromhypothalamic CRH neurons increases;④ELISA of CRH in serum shows thedifferences of CRH concentrations among all groups are not significant, whichindicates PX and melatonin supplementation have no significant effect on CRH levels.

结果： ①松果体摘除后大鼠下丘脑室旁核CRH 原位杂交和免疫组化的结果与假手术对照组相比均显示阳性细胞数增多、阳性面积增加、平均灰度降低，提示松果体摘除后下丘脑CRH 神经元的表达增强；②松果体摘除大鼠补充褪黑素后，下丘脑CRH 原位杂交和免疫组化染色增强呈剂量依赖性恢复，不过不论是低剂量组还是高剂量组，也不论是术后4 周还是术后8周，均不能恢复至正常；③松果体摘除后神经垂体正中隆起CRH 免疫组化结果显示阳性面积增加、平均灰度降低，提示下丘脑CRH 神经元释放CRH 增加；④ELISA 法检测血清CRH结果示各组血清CRH 浓度差异没有显著性，表明松果体摘除及补充褪黑素对血清CRH 水平没有显著影响。

The pineal brain sands appearing large or small mulbeny-globules, exist within either central region or peripheral position of pineal body.

松果体脑砂大小不等，常呈桑椹状球形小体；既可存在于松果体的中央区，也可位于松果体的周边部。

Winter by means of radioimmunology and in situ hybridazation to probe into the modulation mechanisms of kidney responsing to the winter, and observed effects of pinealectomy. The results show that there are seasonal changes in the level of MT in the Pineal body, serum, hyperthalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis and the same of the third courier---c-fos and the c-jun mRNA expressions in the hyperthalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis from the Summer to the Winter.

首次通过实验，观察了雄性SD大鼠在生理状态下松果体、血清、下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴褪黑素含量的冬夏变化，下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴第三信使（c-fos和c-jun）mRNA表达的冬夏变化以及摘除松果体对上述各项指标冬夏变化的影响，实验结果表明，松果体、血清、下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴褪黑素含量以及下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴第三信使（c-fos和c-jun）mRNA表达都存在明显的季节性变化。

It is made in the brain by a structure called the pineal gland, as darkness sets in after sunset.

它是在日落之后黑夜时由大脑中一种叫做松果体的组织分泌的。

Light and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the characteristics of histological structure of the pineal gland of the juvenil yak.

利用光镜和电镜技术对幼年牦牛松果体的组织形态结构特征进行了研究。

Prolonged negative magnetic field exposure will be used to stimulate anabolic functions of the pineal gland and the hypothalamus.

长时间暴露於负极磁场可以刺激松果体的退黑激素和脑下垂的生长荷尔蒙的合成代谢作用。

Methods A total of 45 rats were divided into three groups: control group, 15 rats, which consisted of normal controls; non-pinealectomy; sham operation; bipedal-rat pinealectomy group; a pinealectomy was performed in 20 bipedal rats; quadrupedalrat pinealectomy group: a pinealectomy was performed in 10 quadrupedal rats.

方法同时期出生后刚断乳的小白鼠45只，分成3组：对照组15只，其中包括正常对照组5只；非松果体切除双足鼠组5只：即单纯制作双足鼠，而不行松果体切除术；假手术组5只：即5只双足鼠除不切除松果体外其他与松果体切除术完全一致。

Cribriform epithelial stomata were seen mostly in 1.5-month old rats.

筛状囊上皮孔主要存在于1.5月龄大鼠的松果体囊上皮，是由许多密集排列的囊上皮细胞周边部细胞膜凹陷形成的圆形孔洞，筛孔直径200—500nm；喇叭口状囊上皮孔见于1.5月龄和12月龄大鼠的松果体囊表面，由相邻上皮细胞向松果体内部凹陷，形成圆形或椭圆形开口，孔径1～4脚。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。