条件观测

While indirect assimilation experiment is better than that of non-assimilation one in rainfall center, the former appears positive role.2 Radar observations direct assimilation experiments: By means of ARPS-3DVar and ADAS (ARPS Data Analysis/Assimilation System), CINRAD observations are assimilated only with NCEP reanalysis data for the forecast of rainstorm.

以面向雷电预报的雷达、卫星遥感资料同化及其应用为研究目的，利用NCEP资料、新一代多普勒雷达网、FY2C气象卫星、闪电定位仪网、自动气象站等观测资料的诊断、同化模拟以及理论分析等方法，对气象遥感资料的同化设计及其在雷暴天气条件下雷电预测方面的应用进行了综合研究和初步分析。

The main factors affecting the soil-structure interface behaviors were found experimentally and theoretically, including: 1 the thickness of the interface that is five to six times the average grain size of the soil; 2 the aeolotropy of interface, which is responsible for anisotropic response of the stress-strain response of the interface; 3 two physical states, including crashing and compression of the soil near the structure surface, which govern the stress-strain response of the interface strongly; 4 two shear deformation components due to sliding and constraint of the structure surface relative to the soil respectively, which forms the deformation of the interface; 5 the volumetric strain due to dilatancy, which is found to be composed of a reversible dilatancy component and an irreversible dilatancy component. 4. A unified constitutive model of the interface, based on new elasto-plasticity damage theory, was developed. It was confirmed to be effective for the conditions considering monotonic and cyclic shearing, coupling effect of shear and volumetric strains, evolution of physical state, micro-structure aeolotropy of the soil and the resulting aeolotropy of the interface as well as the three normal boundary conditions stated above. 5. 2D and 3D finite element formulations of the present model were derived and incorporated into the FEM codes. They were applied to the evaluation of practical engineering problems with different typical interfaces between soil and structure. The new model was shown to be reasonable and effective.

确定了粗粒土与结构接触面厚度约为5～6倍的平均粒径，首次揭示了接触面的细观结构异向性以及由此所引起的宏观剪切异向性，发现了在单调和往返剪切荷载作用下土颗粒破碎和剪切压密两种物态变化机制共同支配着接触面力学性质的变化，通过细观分析证实了接触面的变形可分解为一般同时发生的土与结构交界面上的滑移变形以及结构面位移约束范围之内土体本身的剪切变形两部分，观测到接触面受剪时表现出明显的相对法向位移，并可分解为可逆性和不可逆性两个分量；(4)建立了第一个能够统一地描述单调与往返剪切特性、剪应变与体应变耦合特性、细观结构和宏观剪切异向性以及土颗粒破碎等物态变化特性的土与结构接触面弹塑性损伤本构数学模型，并采用多种法向边界条件复杂加载路径的试验成果验证了新模型的合理性和有效性；(5)提出了新模型的二、三维有限元格式并结合实际边值问题进行了应用计算分析，比较了不同接触面本构模型对计算结果的影响，证实了新模型及其有限元格式不仅能够合理地描述土与结构接触面的主要力学特性，还能够较好地反映土体与结构物在接触面处的滑移、脱开等不连续现象。

It is very important to investigate presented algebraic structure from new viewpoint, as well as aim at getting better results from an algebraic structure with few conditions.

从新的角度观测研究已有代数结构，在较少条件的代数结构中，期望得到较好的结论，具有重要的现实意义。

It is existed competitiveness inhibition of 6APA, non-competitiveness inhibition of PAA and substrate inhibition of Penicillin on the hydrolysis of benzylpenicillin to 6APA and PAA by an immobilized penicillin amidase. The heat conductive coefficients were determined on the vacuum elevation liquid membrane concentration. The thermodynamics and kinetics of PAA extraction were studied on the organic solvent extraction of the above solution.

研究证明固定化青霉素酰化酶裂解反应是典型的底物、产物抑制酶反应，其反应动力学数据表明，青霉素、苯乙酸以及6APA对反应分别存在底物抑制、非竞争性抑制和竞争性抑制；真空升膜浓缩适应热敏性以及粘度不大的物系，对于6APA水溶液的真空升膜浓缩过程研究得到了浓缩实验的传热系数；浓缩液萃取主要是提取出其中的苯乙酸，本文测定了不同温度以及溶剂条件下的苯乙酸溶解度，并观测了苯乙酸萃取动力学。

First, under certain detectability that the system satisfies, the sufficient conditions are presented for the asymptotic convergence of the observer error by using the singular value theory. The method of solving gain matrix is presented based on the Riccati equation.

首先， 当系统满足某种可检测性时，利用奇异值理论得到了使得观测误差渐近收敛的增益矩阵需满足的充分性条件，并基于Riccati方程给出了计算增益矩阵的方法。

Behan McCullagh lays down seven conditions for a successful argument to the best explanation:[11]The statement, together with other statements already held to be true, must imply yet other statements describing present, observable data.

争论最好的解释小犀牛McCullagh之放下七个条件对成功的争论最好的解释：[11]，这个声明，连同其他报表已经举行了是真的，必须暗示而其他陈述，观测数据。

Based on observed and hindcast data, a bivariate Pearson Ⅲ distribution is adopted to calculate the joint probability of extreme wind velocity and wave height.

本论文以观测和后报资料为基础，针对我国渤海某区的特点，将二维皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布用于极值风速与波高的联合概率计算，综合比较多种统计模式所求得的设计荷载，对我国边际油田开发的环境条件设计标准提出建议。

Diurnal variations of photosynthesis of Caragana microphylla Lam were studied under natural conditions by Li6200 photosynthesis analyzer.

采用Li6 200光合分析仪，在自然条件下对柠条光合作用日进程进行了观测。

The results show that the dynamic force and thermal conditions of forming the squall line were the convergence of cold air from Mongolia cold vortex and the warm-humid air current before west trough to form the convectional system at moderate 3 scale; the rapid development and southward shift of MβCSs was caused by a strong unstable stratification and the shear line of suitable vertical wind; a heavy hail occurred after a vertical liquid water content over 65 kg/m^2 was firstly measured by weather radar; a sharp reduction of VIL indicates that a disaster strong wind will occur at soon.

结果表明：蒙古冷涡旋转下甩冷空气与西风槽前的暖湿气流汇合，形成中p尺度的对流系统是飑线形成的前期动力和热力条件；强的不稳定层结和合适的垂直风切变导致了MβCSs的迅速发展和南压；在天气雷达首次观测到垂直液态水含量值超过65kg/平方公尺后2h内出现了大冰雹；垂直液态水含量的突然减小标志着灾害性大风的开始。

And the scouring observation part of monsoon and typhoon conditions and combined current to observe the scouring piles. The lowest water level is used due to the related greatest force for bed.

而冲刷部分则是观察季风波条件与台风波条件并佐以流速以观测其对於桩柱的冲刷范围及冲刷的深度影响，水位则采用最低低潮位因其对於底床作用力也最大。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。