杆菌的

Objective To study the conjugational transfer and antibiotic resistance expression of pRST98 in different enteric bacilli(including E.coli, S.typhi, S.typhimurium and S.flexneri).

目的 研究伤寒杆菌耐药质粒pRST98在不同种属肠道杆菌间(大肠杆菌、伤寒杆菌、鼠伤寒杆菌及痢疾杆菌)互相接合传递的规律及表达。

Polymarase Chain Reaction may be the better method of detecting M.tuberculosis than other methods and lead us to carry out a series of research on this problem. This thesis is composed of five parts:(1)systematic evaluation for the first time of the ability of five defferent PCR methods to detect M. tuberculosis;(2) using the endonuclease and southern blot by a radioactive and a nonradioactive labeled probe, to confirm the specificity of the PCR products and to analyse the sensitivity of detection by southern blot method using digoxigenin-labeled probe;(3) evaluation of acid-fast staining, bacterial culture and PCR for the detection of M. tuberculosis in sputum, pleural and peritoneal effusion samples;(4) The feasibility of PCR for detection of M tuberculosis on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissues;(5) 26 cases of sarcoidosis were retrospectively studiedwith PCR for M. tuberculosis and nontuberculosis Mycobacterium and the problems on histopatholoical diagnosis of sarcoidosis are discussed.

论文共分为五个部分，(1)首次系统地比较了五种不同引物序列的PCR检测结核杆菌方法的特异性和敏感性等情况；(2)利用限制性内切酶酶切分析和同位素及非同位素标记DNA探针进行Southern杂交的办法，分析PCR产物的序列与原设计是否相符及杂交检测PCR产物对提高检测结核杆菌敏感性的情况；(3)并对PCR用于快速检测临床标本中的结核杆菌进行了初步评价；(4)探讨了PCR用于检测石蜡包埋组织中结核杆菌的作用；(5)并利用PCR检测结核杆菌和非结核分枝杆菌的方法对26例原病理诊断为结节病的病例进行了PCR检测及组织病理学诊断的探讨。

In particular, these compounds are superior to the existing cephem derivatives of the onium salt type in the antibacterial activities on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which makes them highly useful as remedies for infectious diseases caused by various pathogenic bacteria.

特别是，它具有比现有的__盐型头孢烯衍生物更高的对抗甲氧苯青霉素抗性的金黄色葡萄球菌、青霉素抗性的肺炎链球菌和亚胺培南抗性的绿脓杆菌的抗微生物活性，并因此可非常有效地作为各种病原菌衍生的传染病的治疗剂。

One group includes Bordetella bronchiseptica, B.pertussis and B.parapertussis, and other four species including B.avium belong to another group. They are members of gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci section of uncertain affiliation, Bordetella genus. With the development of rabbitry in our country, B.bronchiseptica infection and co-infections with Pasteurella multocida and Staphylococcus et.al are increased notably.

支气管败血波氏杆菌与百日咳波氏杆菌(B.pertussis)、副百日咳波氏杆菌(B.parapertussis)列为一群，将包括禽波氏杆菌在内的其余四种归为另一群，列于革兰氏阴性好氧杆菌和球菌，博德特氏菌属(Bordetella Moreno-Lopez，1952)。

Compared with the Giant panda in captivity, the predominantintestinal florae of Giant panda returned to wild were still enterobacteria(Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus, Salmonella, Yersinia enterocolitica), enterococcus and lactobacillus after Giant Panda had been returned to wild for a week.

与圈养大熊猫相比，放归大熊猫在放归一周后，肠道正常菌群中优势菌群仍为肠杆菌(大肠杆菌、产气肠杆菌、变形杆菌、沙门氏菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌)，肠球菌和乳杆菌，但细菌数量即开始发生了一定变化，表现在肠球菌数量明显增加，乳杆菌数量明显减少，肠杆菌数量有轻微减少，到采样后期，肠球菌数量超过肠杆菌；另外，放归大熊猫粪样中芽抱杆菌和酵母菌的检出率较高，分别为60%和40%。

Three hundred and fifty-nine strains of bacterium and fifty-seven strains of yeast isolated from foregut, hindgut, coelomic liquid and body surface of Stichopus japonicus were studied for biochemical activities.

从刺参Stichopus japonicus前后消化管、体腔液和表皮上所分离到的359株细菌分别属于弧菌属、假单胞菌属、奈瑟氏球菌属、不动杆菌属、柄杆菌属、黄杆菌属、节杆菌属、微球菌属、黄单胞菌属、棒杆菌属、产碱菌属这十一个主要菌属；57株酵母菌分别属于球拟酵母属、红酵母属、隐球酵母属和德巴利氏酵母属四个属。

The cluster analysis showed that at level 0.73, 77 tested strains were clustered into 4 groups: A1: strains of Lactobacillus casei (35.06% of the strains), A2: strains of Lactobacillus fermentum (61.04% of the strains), A3: strains of Lactobacillus helveticus and A4: strains of Lactobacillus plantarum.

聚类分析表明，在0.73的水平上，77株乳杆菌共分为4大类群：干酪乳杆菌群A1、发酵乳杆菌群A2，瑞士乳杆菌群A3和植物乳杆菌群A4。

Methods］The application of AFLP in severalpathogens(such as Legionella pneumophila, Flavobacterium, Aeromonas, Clostridium,Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Helicobacter pylori and Group AStreptococcal)was reviewed and especially compared with other molecular epidemiologicalmethods.［Results］AFLP shares many characteristics with other genomic fingerprintingmethods.

方法］对近年来AFLP技术在几种病原菌（嗜肺军团菌、黄杆菌属、气单胞菌属、梭状杆菌属、芽胞杆菌属、不动杆菌属、假单胞菌属、弧菌属、幽门螺杆菌和A组链球菌）的应用进行综述，并与其它分子流行病学方法进行比较。

A process for an enzymatic production of vitamin B6 which comprises incubating 1-deoxy-D-threo-pentulose and 4-hydroxy-L-threonine with an enzyme reaction system prepared from cells of microorganism belonging to genus Rhizobium, Sinorhizobium, Flavobacterium, Chryseobacterium, Lactobacillus, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Klebsiella, Escherichia, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Enterobacter, Serratia, Corynebacterium, Brevibacterium, Exiguobacterium, Saccharomyces, Yamadazma, Pichia and Candida, in the presence of NADP+, NAD+, ATP.

一种维生素B6的酶促生产方法，包括在NADP＋、NAD＋、ATP的参与下，将1－脱氧－D－苏－戊酮糖和4－羟基－L－苏氨酸与从属于以下属的微生物细胞制备的酶反应体系一起温育，所述微生物属是根瘤菌属、中华根瘤菌属、黄杆菌属、金黄杆菌属、乳杆菌属、弓形菌属、芽孢杆菌属、克雷伯氏菌属、埃希菌属、假单胞菌属、寡养单胞菌属、肠杆菌属、沙雷氏菌属、棒杆菌属、短杆菌属、微小杆菌属、酵母属、Yamadazma、毕赤酵母属和假丝酵母属。

The 329 bp terminal inverted repeat sequence can't form the conserved fold-back secondary structure as that of many Streptomyces linear replicons. Lacking of typical Streptomyces tap/tpg locus for te-lomere replication, pPR2.3c encodes a protein with two domains resembling the telomere associated protein of Strepto-myces and helicase of Haemophilus respectively. No typical Streptomyces iteron-rep locus for replication from the cen-trally located origin, two DNA fragments containing almost all pPR2 were cloned and introduced by transformation into S.

其端粒末端反向重复序列的长度为329 bp，不能像多数链霉菌的线型质粒那样能形成保守的&折返&的二级结构。pPR2虽然没有参与链霉菌端粒复制的保守的tap/tpg基因，但是pPR2.3c基因编码了一个双结构域蛋白，分别同链霉菌的端粒复制相关蛋白Tap和嗜血杆菌的解旋酶具有相似性。pPR2缺少典型的链霉菌重复序列-复制基因区段，将几乎覆盖全长pPR2的两段DNA进行克隆后，不能转化变铅青链霉菌。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。