杆菌

Objective To study the conjugational transfer and antibiotic resistance expression of pRST98 in different enteric bacilli(including E.coli, S.typhi, S.typhimurium and S.flexneri).

目的 研究伤寒杆菌耐药质粒pRST98在不同种属肠道杆菌间(大肠杆菌、伤寒杆菌、鼠伤寒杆菌及痢疾杆菌)互相接合传递的规律及表达。

Compared with the Giant panda in captivity, the predominantintestinal florae of Giant panda returned to wild were still enterobacteria(Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus, Salmonella, Yersinia enterocolitica), enterococcus and lactobacillus after Giant Panda had been returned to wild for a week.

与圈养大熊猫相比，放归大熊猫在放归一周后，肠道正常菌群中优势菌群仍为肠杆菌(大肠杆菌、产气肠杆菌、变形杆菌、沙门氏菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌)，肠球菌和乳杆菌，但细菌数量即开始发生了一定变化，表现在肠球菌数量明显增加，乳杆菌数量明显减少，肠杆菌数量有轻微减少，到采样后期，肠球菌数量超过肠杆菌；另外，放归大熊猫粪样中芽抱杆菌和酵母菌的检出率较高，分别为60%和40%。

Coli, Shigella sonnei s, Proteus, typhoid and vice Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholerae and other enteric pathogens are effective; its ethanol extract on the number of gram-positive and-negative bacteria, and human-type Mycobacterium significant antibacterial activity; ebony decoction on in vitro to be sore dermatophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum, plaster-like pathogenic microorganisms in the skin of small spores of fungi

广谱抗菌：实验证明，乌梅水煎液对炭疽杆菌、白喉和类白喉杆菌、葡萄球菌、肺炎球菌等皆有抑制作用，对大肠杆菌、宋内氏痢疾杆菌、变形杆菌、伤寒和副伤寒杆菌、绿脓杆菌、霍乱弧菌等肠内致病菌也有效；其乙醇浸液对一些革兰阳性和阴性细菌，及人型结核杆菌均有显著抗菌作用；乌梅水煎液在试管内对须疮癣菌、絮状表皮癣菌、石膏样小芽孢菌等致病皮肤真菌有抑制作用

Before fed with antibiotics, the predominant intestinal aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria were Enterobacteriaceae, Flavobacterium, Acinetobacter and Vibrio.

投喂药饵前，鲤肠道好氧及兼性厌氧菌优势菌群为肠杆菌科、黄杆菌属、不动杆菌属和弧菌属；厌氧菌群中双歧杆菌属最多，乳杆菌属次之，拟杆菌属最少。

TBA analysis showed 0.01% of TP had evident antioxidation on lipids from fish meat, and TBA increased with the TP concentration accretion presenting an unlinear relation. The effects of antioxidation of 0.03% and 0.07% of TP were close, thus, the best choice is 0.03% in practical application.5. 93 bacteria strains were isolated and categorized into several spoilage bacteria classes: Aeromonas, Vibrio, Pseudomonas, Enterobacteriaceae, Flavobacterium, Acinetobacter, Photobacteriaceae, Brevibacterium, and Micrococcus. In the early stage of storage (1～3 days), Gram-positive bacteria were the major strains and accounted for 70%, most of them belonged to Brevibacterium and Micrococcus.

TBA试验结果显示，添加00.1%以上茶多酚对草鱼脂肪都有明显的抗氧化作用，随浓度增加TBA值增加，但不呈线性关系，0.03%～0.07%抗氧化效果比较接近，从经济、有效的角度考虑在实际应用中可采用0.03%的茶多酚。5、从草鱼中分离出93株菌株，鉴定出以下几类主要腐败细菌：气单胞菌属、弧菌属、假单胞菌属、肠道杆菌科、黄杆菌属、邻单胞菌属、发光杆菌属、产碱杆菌属、短杆菌属、微球菌属、不动杆菌属、无色菌属。

A process for an enzymatic production of vitamin B6 which comprises incubating 1-deoxy-D-threo-pentulose and 4-hydroxy-L-threonine with an enzyme reaction system prepared from cells of microorganism belonging to genus Rhizobium, Sinorhizobium, Flavobacterium, Chryseobacterium, Lactobacillus, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Klebsiella, Escherichia, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Enterobacter, Serratia, Corynebacterium, Brevibacterium, Exiguobacterium, Saccharomyces, Yamadazma, Pichia and Candida, in the presence of NADP+, NAD+, ATP.

一种维生素B6的酶促生产方法，包括在NADP＋、NAD＋、ATP的参与下，将1－脱氧－D－苏－戊酮糖和4－羟基－L－苏氨酸与从属于以下属的微生物细胞制备的酶反应体系一起温育，所述微生物属是根瘤菌属、中华根瘤菌属、黄杆菌属、金黄杆菌属、乳杆菌属、弓形菌属、芽孢杆菌属、克雷伯氏菌属、埃希菌属、假单胞菌属、寡养单胞菌属、肠杆菌属、沙雷氏菌属、棒杆菌属、短杆菌属、微小杆菌属、酵母属、Yamadazma、毕赤酵母属和假丝酵母属。

Meanwhile other lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus bifermentum, Lactobacillus acetotolerans, Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus casei, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Pediococcus acidilactici, Leuconostoc were also identified.

同时也分离到植物乳杆菌、双发酵乳杆菌、耐酸乳杆菌、弯曲乳杆菌、卷曲乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、戊糖片球菌、乳酸片球菌、明串珠菌等多种乳酸细菌和德巴利氏酵母、球拟酵母等微生物。

It was found that 0.25%o potassium sorbate produced a positive inhibition against short G+ spore bacillus with a concentration less than 5xl04cfu/ml. A concentration less than %o potassium sorbate hardly exerted a complete control towards short G- plump bacillus having a population density of 5x104cfu/ml. It was proved that use of l% potassium sorbute never controlled the growth of G+ coccus, G~ spirilla and enterobacter with a population density of 104cfu/ml. 1mmol EDTA completely controlled the growth of G+ short spore bacillus and G+ coccus whose cell density was 5xl04cfu/ml. A level of lmmol EDTA showed a limited inhibition against the growth of G- spirilla with a population density of 105 cfu/ml. However, a level of 10mmol EDTA completely controlled the growth of the G- spiral bacteria having a population density of 105cfu/ml. lOmmol EDTA produced a very significant control towards the growth of G"" plump short bacillus with 105cfu/ml. 20mmol EDTA showed a remarkable inhibition against the enterobacter with a population density of 105cfu/ml. Different concentrations of nisin including 25mg/mL, 50mg/mL, 75mg/mL and 100mg/mL were used as bio-preservative to examine its effects against the growth of all strains leading to the spoilage of fresh mutton meat. It was seen that there was a big difference in nisin's concentrations in inhibiting the spoiling bacteria. Generally speaking, as more as 75mg/mL of nisin significantly inhibited the growth of G+ short spore bacillus, G-plump short bacillus, enterobacter, G'spiral bacteria and G+ coccus having a population density of 105cfu/ml.

分别运用山梨酸钾、EDTA和Nisin对7种主要引起羊肉腐败的微生物进行了抑菌实验，结果显示，0.25‰以上山梨酸钾能够有效抑制5×10~4 cfu／mL以下的革兰氏阳性短芽孢杆菌的生长；1‰以下的山梨酸钾不能完全抑制5×10~4 cfu／mL革兰氏阴性粗短杆菌的生长，对10~4 cfu／mL革兰氏阳性球菌菌株、革兰氏阴性螺旋菌菌株和肠杆菌菌株抑制效果不太明显。1mmoL EDTA能完全抑制住小于10~5 cfu／mL革兰氏阳性短芽孢杆菌菌株、革兰氏阳性球菌菌株的生长，能明显的抑制10~5 cfu／mL的革兰氏阴性粗短杆菌菌株生长，对10~5 cfu／mL的革兰氏阴性螺旋菌菌株有一定的抑制作用。10mmoL EDTA能完全抑制住10~5 cfu／mL革兰氏阴性螺旋菌菌株的生长；能明显抑制10~5 cfu／mL的革兰氏阴性粗短杆菌菌株的生长，而20 mmoL EDTA能很明显抑制10~5 cfu／mL肠杆菌菌株的生长。25mg／mL、50 mg／mL、75 mg／mL和100 mg／mL的Nisin几乎对所有引起羊肉的腐败菌有抑制作用，但抑制程度不同，抑菌活性有一定的变化。

Provided as a public service by Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense-Public Affairs and the Anthrax Vaccine Immunization Program Agency, the AVIP web site reports information on anthrax including: the threat from anthrax, anthrax infection, anthrax vaccine and vaccination protection.

这是炭疽杆菌疫苗免疫项目的网站。它是由公共防御事件辅助办公室和美国炭疽杆菌疫苗免疫项目局共同创建并服务于大众，提供有关炭疽杆菌的信息，如：来自炭疽杆菌的威胁、炭疽杆菌感染、炭疽杆菌疫苗以及疫苗保护。

The results of its intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence phase diagram showed that when the guanidine hydrochloride concentration in denaturation solution was about 1.0 mol/L, there existed a partially folded intermediate of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens a-amylase during its unfolding procedure, which followed a three-state model; the result of its fluorescence probe showed that when the guanidine hydrochloride concentration in denaturation solution was about 1.0 mol/L, there existed some stable hydrophobic regions, which could interact with a hydrophobic reagent 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid, in the partially folded intermediate of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens a-amylase; and the results of fluorescence quenching using acrylamide and potassium iodide as quenchers showed the distribution of Trp residues in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens a-amylase in different denaturation solution, with the maximum number (8) of tryptophan residues in a partially folded intermediate Bacillus amyloliquefaciens a-amylase molecule could be quenched by potassium iodide; and the results of their protein electrophoresis and SEC showed that no aggregate or aggregate precipitation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens a-amylase formed during the whole unfolding procedure of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens a-amylase induced by guanidine hydrochloride.

内源荧光光谱和荧光相图结果表明，当变性液中盐酸胍浓度约为1.0 mol/L时，芽孢杆菌a-淀粉酶的去折叠过程中出现一个部分折叠中间体，其去折叠过程符合&三态模型&；荧光探针结果表明，在溶液中盐酸胍浓度约为1.0 mol/L时，中间态芽孢杆菌a-淀粉酶分子中存在着能够与探针分子1-苯胺基-8-萘磺酸结合的稳定的疏水区域；荧光猝灭研究给出了不同程度变性的淀粉液化芽孢杆菌a-淀粉酶中的Trp的分布情况，结果表明中间态芽孢杆菌a-淀粉酶分子中能够被碘化钾猝灭的位于分子表面的色氨酸残基数目达到最大的8个；蛋白电泳和体积排阻色谱结果表明，在盐酸胍诱导的芽孢杆菌a-淀粉酶分子的整个去折叠过程中，不会以共价键或非共价键形式形成芽孢杆菌a-淀粉酶分子之间的集聚体或集聚体沉淀。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。